{"id":13447,"date":"2013-11-26T19:30:14","date_gmt":"2013-11-26T18:30:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=13447"},"modified":"2013-11-26T19:30:14","modified_gmt":"2013-11-26T18:30:14","slug":"nadmerna-spotreba-soli-prispiva-k-zavaznym-onemocnenim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=13447","title":{"rendered":"Nadm\u011brn\u00e1 spot\u0159eba soli p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u016fl se jako p\u0159\u00eddavek ke strav\u011b objevila asi p\u0159ed 5 tis\u00edci lety, p\u0159edt\u00edm se \u010dlov\u011bk adaptoval na p\u0159\u00edjem p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b jednoho gramu soli na den, co\u017e je 10x m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e dnes. Nejv\u00edce soli nyn\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1me z vyroben\u00fdch potravin (80 %), 10 % p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na p\u0159\u00eddavek soli p\u0159i va\u0159en\u00ed a dosolov\u00e1n\u00ed a 10 % soli obsahuj\u00ed potraviny p\u0159irozen\u011b. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0ostatn\u00edmi evropsk\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi je \u010cesk\u00e1 republika s\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011brnou spot\u0159ebou soli 14-15 g na osobu na den, bohu\u017eel, v\u00a0pop\u0159ed\u00ed. V Evrop\u011b se toti\u017e toto \u010d\u00edslo pohybuje mezi 8-12 g soli na den a nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0N\u011bmecku, Rakousku a \u0160v\u00fdcarsku je to dokonce pouze 6 g. Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed spot\u0159ebu m\u00e1 naopak Ma\u010farsko, kde tato hodnota \u010din\u00ed 16 a\u017e 18 gram\u016f na osobu a den. Doporu\u010den\u00e1 denn\u00ed d\u00e1vka soli \u010din\u00ed pro dosp\u011bl\u00e9ho pouh\u00fdch 5 g, u d\u011bt\u00ed se doporu\u010duj\u00ed d\u00e1vky mnohem ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed. Ve vysp\u011bl\u00fdch zem\u00edch m\u00e1 zhruba t\u0159etina populace zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak a pr\u00e1v\u011b ten b\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010dasto branou k\u00a0mnohem z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zdravotn\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm, jak\u00fdmi jsou choroby srdce a c\u00e9v. Vztah mezi zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edjmem soli a hypertenz\u00ed nelze pominout.<\/p>\n

V\u00edce ne\u017e 70 % populace v \u010cR toti\u017e reaguje na nadbyte\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem soli zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm krevn\u00edho tlaku, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 50 % dosp\u011bl\u00e9 populace v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice trp\u00ed hypertenz\u00ed. \u201eOdhaduje se, \u017ee sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm denn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edjmu soli na zhruba polovinu by v\u00a0\u010cesku do\u0161lo k\u00a0omezen\u00ed v\u00fdskytu c\u00e9vn\u00edch mozkov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edhod o \u010dtvrtinu a v\u00fdskytu kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed\u00a0o 17 %. Proto je v\u00a0t\u00e9to oblasti velice d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 prevence a osv\u011bta,\u201c <\/strong>\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 ministr zdravotnictv\u00ed Martin Holc\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Po\u010d\u00e1tky hypertenze je t\u0159eba hledat ji\u017e v d\u011btsk\u00e9m v\u011bku, a to je d\u016fvod, pro\u010d se problematikou zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed i pediat\u0159i. Bohu\u017eel ji\u017e u d\u011bt\u00ed denn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjem soli v\u00fdznamn\u011b p\u0159ekra\u010duje doporu\u010den\u00e9 normy. \u201eA\u017e 80 % kojenc\u016f dost\u00e1v\u00e1 ve 2. polovin\u011b prvn\u00edho roku \u017eivota ve v\u00fd\u017eiv\u011b v\u00edce soli, ne\u017e je doporu\u010deno. V batolec\u00edm v\u011bku pak p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 nadm\u011brn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed soli a\u017e 95 % d\u011bt\u00ed a u star\u0161\u00edch d\u011bt\u00ed se to t\u00fdk\u00e1 prakticky v\u0161ech,\u201c <\/strong>\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. Jan Janda z\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 pediatrick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem soli nav\u00edc vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 pocit \u017e\u00edzn\u011b a p\u0159i dne\u0161n\u00ed oblib\u011b cel\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1ly slazen\u00fdch n\u00e1poj\u016f vede jejich konzumace ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 kalorick\u00e9 dod\u00e1vce a t\u00edm k nadv\u00e1ze a\u017e obezit\u011b. Obezita rovn\u011b\u017e p\u0159edstavuje nez\u00e1visl\u00fd a vysoce rizikov\u00fd faktor pro hypertenzi.<\/p>\n

\u201eStravovac\u00ed n\u00e1vyky vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 v d\u011btstv\u00ed a dosp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00ed do dosp\u011blosti a pat\u0159\u00ed mezi faktory vzniku hlavn\u00edch chronick\u00fdch neinfek\u010dn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed,\u201c<\/strong> potvrzuje Jarmila R\u00e1\u017eov\u00e1, z\u00e1stupkyn\u011b hlavn\u00edho hygienika \u010cR a dopl\u0148uje: \u201eVzhledem k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee d\u011bti tr\u00e1v\u00ed zna\u010dnou \u010d\u00e1st dne ve \u0161kole a konzumuj\u00ed zde nejm\u00e9n\u011b 2 j\u00eddla,<\/strong> je nutn\u00e9 sortiment \u0161koln\u00edho stravov\u00e1n\u00ed sledovat a opakovan\u011b ho vyhodnocovat. \u0160koln\u00ed kant\u00fdny a j\u00eddeln\u00ed automaty nej\u010dast\u011bji nab\u00edz\u00ed nevhodn\u00e9 potraviny mj. s\u00a0nadm\u011brn\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm soli, a to na \u00fakor \u010derstv\u00e9ho ovoce a zeleniny.\u201c<\/strong><\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9mem zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 spot\u0159eby soli se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 tak\u00e9 WHO, kter\u00e1 vytvo\u0159ila ak\u010dn\u00ed pl\u00e1n evropsk\u00e9 strategie na prevenci a kontrolu nep\u0159enosn\u00fdch nemoc\u00ed v letech 2012 \u2013 2016. Tento pl\u00e1n doporu\u010duje mimo jin\u00e9 zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed dostupnosti informac\u00ed pro spot\u0159ebitele, nap\u0159. na etiket\u00e1ch potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f, kde by standardn\u011b m\u011bl b\u00fdt uv\u00e1d\u011bn nejen obsah kalori\u00ed, ale
\ni mno\u017estv\u00ed obsa\u017een\u00e9 soli.<\/p>\n

Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmu soli je jednou z nejv\u00edce ekonomicky efektivn\u00edch a cenov\u011b dostupn\u00fdch intervenc\u00ed v prevenci nemoc\u00ed srdce a c\u00e9v. I \u010cesk\u00e9 republice se tak nab\u00edz\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pro zaveden\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed v r\u00e1mci boje s nadm\u011brn\u00fdm solen\u00edm jako \u201etich\u00fdm zabij\u00e1kem\u201c na\u0161ich \u017eivot\u016f. Ji\u017e letos byly nap\u0159. St\u00e1tn\u00edm zdravotn\u00edm \u00fastavem v\u00a0r\u00e1mci osv\u011btov\u00fdch\u00a0a preventivn\u00edch aktivit vyd\u00e1ny let\u00e1ky a plak\u00e1t upozor\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed na nadm\u011brn\u00e9 solen\u00ed a s\u00a0n\u00edm spojen\u00e1 zdravotn\u00ed rizika.<\/p>\n

Ve dnech 25. \u2013 30. 11. 2013 v\u00a0\u010cR prob\u011bhne dal\u0161\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00edk kampan\u011b \u201eNadbytek soli \u0161kod\u00ed d\u011btem i dosp\u011bl\u00fdm.\u201c Tato kampa\u0148 se celosv\u011btov\u011b poprv\u00e9 uskute\u010dnila v\u00a0roce 2005 a byla po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed iniciativou World Action On Salt and Health. \u010cesk\u00e1 republika se j\u00ed nechala inspirovat a na podn\u011bt \u010cesk\u00e9 pediatrick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti byl v\u00a0roce 2011 zorganizov\u00e1n prvn\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00edk. Tato akce m\u00e1 za c\u00edl zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u00ed o nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9m vlivu nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho solen\u00ed na lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed. Letos pozv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ijal profesor Graham MacGregor z\u00a0Lond\u00fdna, kter\u00fd se problematikou krevn\u00edho tlaku a konzumace soli zab\u00fdv\u00e1 dlouhodob\u011b a poda\u0159ilo se mu mj. v\u00a0populaci Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nie v\u00fdznamn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit p\u0159\u00edjem soli.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed kuchy\u0148sk\u00e9 soli ve vybran\u00fdch potravin\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
V\u00fdrobek 100 gram\u016f<\/strong><\/td>\nKuchy\u0148sk\u00e1 s\u016fl (NaCl ) v g<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Rohl\u00edk<\/td>\n0,6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kraj\u00edc chleba<\/td>\n0,9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Niva<\/td>\n3,5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Balk\u00e1nsk\u00fd s\u00fdr<\/td>\n3,3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Taven\u00e9 s\u00fdry<\/td>\n2,3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
P\u00e1rky<\/td>\n6,2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Trvanliv\u00e9 sal\u00e1my<\/td>\n2,0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0160unka<\/td>\n1,8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ara\u0161\u00eddy pra\u017een\u00e9 solen\u00e9<\/td>\n0,5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bohemia chips alpsk\u00e1 s\u016fl<\/td>\n1,5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Popcorn slan\u00fd<\/td>\n2,5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Olivy<\/td>\n6,0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Slan\u00e9 ty\u010dinky<\/td>\n8,0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Burger<\/td>\n2,0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

MZ \u010cR<\/p>\n

tiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u016fl se jako p\u0159\u00eddavek ke strav\u011b objevila asi p\u0159ed 5 tis\u00edci lety, p\u0159edt\u00edm se \u010dlov\u011bk adaptoval na p\u0159\u00edjem p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b jednoho gramu soli na den, co\u017e […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13447","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13447","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13447"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13447\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13447"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13447"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13447"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}