{"id":14391,"date":"2014-01-14T10:43:06","date_gmt":"2014-01-14T09:43:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=14391"},"modified":"2014-10-20T20:04:00","modified_gmt":"2014-10-20T18:04:00","slug":"skola-pro-nemocne-ktera-je-v-cesku-jedinecna","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=14391","title":{"rendered":"\u0160kola pro nemocn\u00e9 d\u011bti, kter\u00e1 je jedine\u010dn\u00e1"},"content":{"rendered":"

Maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 14 d\u011bt\u00ed ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b, hodiny j\u00f3gy \u010di mas\u00e1\u017ee. To nab\u00edz\u00ed Z\u0160 a M\u0160 p\u0159i Fakultn\u00ed nemocnici v Plzni, kam m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed i d\u011bti z Karlovarsk\u00e9ho kraje. Jako jedin\u00e1 nab\u00edz\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di pro d\u011bti se z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdmi zdravotn\u00edmi pot\u00ed\u017eemi.<\/strong>
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P\u0159ed tabul\u00ed stoj\u00ed dvojice \u0161kol\u00e1k\u016f a p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u00ed, jak p\u0159ivolat pomoc. Jeden z nich p\u0159i ledn\u00edm hokeji upadl a zlomil si nohu. Druh\u00fd mu chce pomoct. A to tak, \u017ee zavol\u00e1 z\u00e1chranku.<\/p>\n

„Jak\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo vyto\u010d\u00ed\u0161?“ „155,“ odpov\u00edd\u00e1 chlapec a je na n\u011bm na prvn\u00ed pohled patrn\u00e9, jak je nejist\u00fd. Publikum m\u00e1 velmi mal\u00e9. Krom\u011b t\u0159\u00ed sed\u00edc\u00edch spolu\u017e\u00e1k\u016f, t\u0159\u00eddn\u00ed u\u010ditelky a jej\u00ed asistentky sed\u00edm v lavici jen j\u00e1.<\/p>\n

„Pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 d\u011bti u\u017e to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt probl\u00e9m. Jak\u00e9koliv vybo\u010den\u00ed ze zajet\u00fdch kolej\u00ed sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u0161patn\u011b,“ vysv\u011btluje Marie Benediktov\u00e1, \u00fasekov\u00e1 vedouc\u00ed zdravotn\u00edch t\u0159\u00edd v Man\u011bt\u00ednsk\u00e9 ulici, kter\u00e9 spadaj\u00ed pod Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kolu a Mate\u0159skou \u0161kolu p\u0159i Fakultn\u00ed nemocnici v Plzni.<\/p>\n

Nyn\u00ed jsme ve druh\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b, pr\u00e1v\u011b je p\u016flen\u00e1 hodina. Polovina d\u011bt\u00ed cvi\u010d\u00ed kv\u016fli zklidn\u011bn\u00ed j\u00f3gu, druh\u00e1 m\u00e1 ji\u017e popisovan\u00fd sloh. Ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b jsou t\u0159eba d\u011bti s leh\u010d\u00ed formou autismu, s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi poruchami u\u010den\u00ed \u010di pozornosti, ale i nadpr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b nadan\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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R\u016fzn\u00e9 d\u011bti, r\u016fzn\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aby se d\u011btem sn\u00e1ze pracovalo, maj\u00ed v\u011bci na sv\u00e9m pracovn\u00edm stole poskl\u00e1d\u00e1ny podle p\u0159edem dan\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du. Tak\u00e9 na tabuli je naps\u00e1no, co se kterou hodinu bude d\u011blat, tak aby to d\u011bti m\u011bly neust\u00e1le na o\u010d\u00edch.<\/p>\n

„N\u011bkter\u00fdm \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm to d\u00e1v\u00e1me i p\u0159\u00edmo na lavici, aby vid\u011bli, na co se maj\u00ed p\u0159ipravit,“ p\u0159ibli\u017euje Benediktov\u00e1 a dod\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b je t\u0159eba tak\u00e9 za\u017eit\u00e9, \u017ee stejn\u00fd den, ve stejnou hodinu se p\u00ed\u0161e dikt\u00e1t. Pro d\u011bti je toti\u017e d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 m\u00edt pevn\u011b stanoven\u00fd a za\u017eit\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e sem d\u011bti p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed, a to bu\u010f hned v prvn\u00ed t\u0159\u00edd\u011b, nebo a\u017e v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u0161koln\u00edho roku, kdy\u017e se uk\u00e1\u017ee, \u017ee v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u0161kole nen\u00ed v\u00fduka mo\u017en\u00e1, chovaj\u00ed se r\u016fzn\u011b. \u010casto b\u00fdvaj\u00ed hyperaktivn\u00ed, maj\u00ed probl\u00e9m s komunikac\u00ed, ale i s autoritami. Hyperaktivita se projevuje zejm\u00e9na tak, \u017ee st\u011b\u017e\u00ed vydr\u017e\u00ed v klidu sed\u011bt na \u017eidli. Co se t\u00fd\u010de komunikace a nerespektov\u00e1n\u00ed autorit, jsou projevy r\u016fzn\u00e9. Zat\u00edmco n\u011bkter\u00e9 d\u011bti jsou zpo\u010d\u00e1tku zcela izolovan\u00e9 a necht\u011bj\u00ed s nik\u00fdm mluvit, jin\u00e9 naopak kontakt vyhled\u00e1vaj\u00ed nadm\u00edru. A\u017e to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jin\u00fdm nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9. „Ti, co maj\u00ed probl\u00e9m s autoritami, pak mohou b\u011bhem hodiny vyk\u0159ikovat nebo \u00fapln\u011b odm\u00edtat pracovat podle zad\u00e1n\u00ed,“ l\u00ed\u010d\u00ed Marie Benediktov\u00e1, podle n\u00ed\u017e se na d\u011btech pozitivn\u011b odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed individu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup. Ve zdravotn\u00edch t\u0159\u00edd\u00e1ch je maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u010det d\u011bt\u00ed 14 a v n\u011bkter\u00fdch je krom\u011b u\u010ditele tak\u00e9 asistent pedagoga.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e se vr\u00e1t\u00edme k chlapci, kter\u00fd p\u0159ivol\u00e1val pomoc, tak\u00e9 on se za chv\u00edli zklidn\u00ed. „J\u00e1 jsem \u00fapln\u011b mimo,“ p\u0159izn\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159itom na za\u010d\u00e1tku sc\u00e9nky. „V po\u0159\u00e1dku, uklidni se,“ chl\u00e1chol\u00ed jej Marie Benediktov\u00e1 a pod\u00e1v\u00e1 mu maketu telefonu.<\/p>\n

„Co \u0159ekne\u0161 do telefonu?“ Chlapec se bleskurychle p\u0159edstav\u00ed a pak u\u017e, a\u017e na drobn\u00e1 zav\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed, spr\u00e1vn\u011b odpov\u00edd\u00e1. „Kamar\u00e1d le\u017e\u00ed, na\u0159\u00edk\u00e1, asi m\u00e1 zlomenou nohu. Jsme na Boleveck\u00e9m rybn\u00edku. Nikdo dosp\u011bl\u00fd okolo n\u00e1s nen\u00ed.“ Jeden hoch na \u017eidli neust\u00e1le poposed\u00e1v\u00e1, dal\u0161\u00ed se p\u0159i jin\u00e9m \u00fakolu nep\u0159irozen\u011b p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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Je \u010das na j\u00f3gu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Po dvaceti minut\u00e1ch se \u017e\u00e1ci vym\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed. Ti, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli sloh, jdou relaxovat, ti, kte\u0159\u00ed cvi\u010dili j\u00f3gu, usedaj\u00ed do lavic. A pozor, i na cvi\u010den\u00ed m\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd svoji podlo\u017eku. Krom\u011b odli\u0161n\u00fdch barev je rozli\u0161uj\u00ed i r\u016fznobarevn\u00e9 zna\u010dky.<\/p>\n

„Krom\u011b j\u00f3gy tady maj\u00ed inhalace, hru na fl\u00e9tnu a mas\u00e1\u017ee,“ jmenuje Benediktov\u00e1, podle n\u00ed\u017e jsou tyto \u010dinnosti jedn\u00edm z prost\u0159edk\u016f na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed hyperaktivity.<\/p>\n

Zdravotn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy funguj\u00ed od prvn\u00edho do p\u00e1t\u00e9ho ro\u010dn\u00edku. Pot\u00e9 d\u011bti p\u0159estupuj\u00ed na b\u011b\u017enou z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kolu nebo na v\u00edcelet\u00e1 gymn\u00e1zia. „M\u00e1me dobr\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti se za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00edm do kolektivu, nen\u00ed probl\u00e9m s p\u0159echodem do klasick\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy,“ uji\u0161\u0165uje Benediktov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

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Speci\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de pro d\u011bti s pot\u00ed\u017eemi<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0158editelka Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly a Mate\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161koly p\u0159i Fakultn\u00ed nemocnici v Plzni Alice Koz\u00e1kov\u00e1 vybudovala \u0161kolu, kter\u00e1 je svoj\u00ed koncepc\u00ed v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice unik\u00e1tn\u00ed. Jako jedin\u00e1 nab\u00edz\u00ed ucelen\u00fd syst\u00e9m speci\u00e1ln\u011b pedagogick\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de na vysok\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 \u00farovni pro d\u011bti se z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdmi zdravotn\u00edmi pot\u00ed\u017eemi. Krom\u011b klasick\u00e9 v\u00fduky hospitalizovan\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed na klinik\u00e1ch fakultn\u00ed nemocnice existuj\u00ed ji\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy, ale tak\u00e9 autistick\u00e9, psychiatrick\u00e9 a etopedick\u00e9. Zat\u00edmco u psychiatrick\u00fdch t\u0159\u00edd jsou v\u00fdchovn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my zp\u016fsobeny psychiatrick\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm, ve t\u0159\u00edd\u00e1ch etopedick\u00fdch tomu tak nen\u00ed. V Dob\u0159anech pak funguje je\u0161t\u011b M\u0160 p\u0159i psychiatrick\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010debn\u011b a v Miro\u0161ov\u011b M\u0160 respira\u010dn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Zjednodu\u0161en\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, do t\u011bchto speci\u00e1ln\u00edch t\u0159\u00edd z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 nejsou schopny zvl\u00e1dnout v\u00fduku v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u0161kole. Nikoliv v\u0161ak kv\u016fli sv\u00e9mu intelektu, ale kv\u016fli pot\u00ed\u017e\u00edm zdravotn\u00edm, poruch\u00e1m u\u010den\u00ed \u010di hyperaktivit\u011b. Nutnost\u00ed pro p\u0159ijet\u00ed je doporu\u010den\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159e, speci\u00e1ln\u011b poradensk\u00e9ho centra \u010di pedagogicko psychologick\u00e9 poradny.<\/p>\n

A jak\u00fd vliv m\u00e1 men\u0161\u00ed kolektiv a speci\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de? „Zm\u011bny jsou sice postupn\u00e9, ale z\u00e1sadn\u00ed. Pozitivn\u00ed jsou u v\u0161ech d\u011bt\u00ed, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed jsou v\u0161ak patrn\u00e9 u autist\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed poruchu komunikace a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch dovednost\u00ed. A kdy\u017e chod\u00ed do \u0161koly k n\u00e1m, jsou schopn\u00ed vystupovat i na \u0161koln\u00ed akademii. To je velik\u00fd pokrok,“ konstatuje Koz\u00e1kov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

\u0160kolu nav\u0161t\u011bvuje ro\u010dn\u011b na sedm set \u017e\u00e1k\u016f. Krom\u011b ji\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 i \u00fazk\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce \u0159editelky \u0161koly s pedagogy, asistenty pedagog\u016f, psycholog\u016f a l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f, zejm\u00e9na d\u011btsk\u00fdch psychiatr\u016f.<\/p>\n

Barbora N\u011bmcov\u00e1
\nMlad\u00e1 fronta DNES \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 http:\/\/www.idnes.cz\/<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 14 d\u011bt\u00ed ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b, hodiny j\u00f3gy \u010di mas\u00e1\u017ee. To nab\u00edz\u00ed Z\u0160 a M\u0160 p\u0159i Fakultn\u00ed nemocnici v Plzni, kam m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed i d\u011bti z Karlovarsk\u00e9ho […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14302,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14391","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-spolecnost","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14391","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=14391"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14391\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14302"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=14391"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=14391"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=14391"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}