{"id":14632,"date":"2014-01-31T10:05:41","date_gmt":"2014-01-31T09:05:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=14632"},"modified":"2014-10-20T20:03:59","modified_gmt":"2014-10-20T18:03:59","slug":"klokanky-utrpely-novym-obcanskym-zakonikem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=14632","title":{"rendered":"Klok\u00e1nky utrp\u011bly nov\u00fdm ob\u010dansk\u00fdm z\u00e1kon\u00edkem"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Klok\u00e1nky, kde se staraj\u00ed o ohro\u017een\u00e9 d\u011bti, utrp\u011bly likvida\u010dn\u00ed r\u00e1nu. Kv\u016fli nov\u00e9mu ob\u010dansk\u00e9mu z\u00e1kon\u00edku hroz\u00ed \u010dty\u0159em stovk\u00e1m d\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159esun do \u00fastav\u016f.<\/strong><br \/>\n<!--more--><br \/>\nMimo jin\u00e9 je to d\u016fsledek radik\u00e1ln\u00ed reformy p\u00e9\u010de o d\u011bti, kter\u00e1 vsadila na p\u011bstouny, ale zat\u00edm se efektivn\u011b nerozb\u011bhla.<\/p>\n<p>Kdy\u017e p\u0159ed dv\u011bma lety tehdej\u0161\u00ed vl\u00e1da Petra Ne\u010dase prosadila novelu z\u00e1kona o soci\u00e1ln\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00ed ochran\u011b d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e1 slibovala, \u017ee kone\u010dn\u011b dostane d\u011bti z \u00fastav\u016f do rodin, zd\u00e1lo se, \u017ee jde o krok spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm sm\u011brem. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se v\u0161ak objevily pochyby, zda se odv\u00e1\u017enou novelu poda\u0159\u00ed v zemi pln\u00e9 p\u0159edsudk\u016f naplnit v praxi. Pochyby se nyn\u00ed, \u017eel, m\u011bn\u00ed v jistotu. Jakkoli zn\u011bl z\u00e1m\u011br autor\u016f novely bohulib\u011b, v praxi ty nejbezbrann\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z n\u00e1s po\u0161kodil.<\/p>\n<p>O profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u011bstounstv\u00ed na p\u0159echodnou dobu, kter\u00e9 u n\u00e1s nem\u00e1 tradici, je mal\u00fd z\u00e1jem. Jakkoli se ministerstvo pr\u00e1ce a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee m\u00e1 profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u011bstoun\u016f dost, prov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch 115 lid\u00ed je velmi m\u00e1lo. Dosavadn\u00ed syst\u00e9m p\u00e9\u010de o ohro\u017een\u00e9 d\u011bti tak reforma rozb\u00edj\u00ed, a\u010dkoli ten nov\u00fd dosud \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b nenasko\u010dil.<\/p>\n<p>Pr\u00e1v\u011b kv\u016fli tomu se p\u0159ed deseti dny musela Denisa z Brna st\u011bhovat z Klok\u00e1nku, tedy rodinn\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pe\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho o ohro\u017een\u00e9 d\u011bti, do diagnostick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu. Dal\u0161\u00edm d\u011btem p\u0159esuny hroz\u00ed, i kdy\u017e ministerstvo pr\u00e1ce tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee to tak b\u00fdt nem\u00e1. Praxe je jin\u00e1. Nav\u00edc Klok\u00e1nky samy v d\u016fsledku novely, kter\u00e1 jim bere pen\u00edze, finan\u010dn\u011b kolabuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Obavy z adopce<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ko\u0159eny toho, co se nyn\u00ed d\u011bje, jsou v minulosti. P\u00e9\u010de o ohro\u017een\u00e9 d\u011bti byla v n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00edm \u010ceskoslovensku postavena na velk\u00fdch odborn\u00fdch \u00fastavech. N\u00e1stupnick\u00e9 \u010cesko praxi p\u0159evzalo, i proto n\u00e1s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed lidskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed organizace kritizuj\u00ed za nev\u00eddan\u00fd po\u010det d\u011bt\u00ed v \u00fastavn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di. Z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 jich tam 12 tis\u00edc.<\/p>\n<p>Je to i t\u00edm, \u017ee v \u010cesku nen\u00ed velk\u00fd z\u00e1jem o n\u00e1hradn\u00ed rodi\u010dovstv\u00ed. Lid\u00e9 se boj\u00ed nezn\u00e1ma, z\u00e1jemci o n\u00e1hradn\u00ed rodinnou p\u00e9\u010di obvykle \u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed jen zdrav\u00e1 b\u00edl\u00e1 mimina. Takov\u00fdch je v \u00fastavech hrstka. O d\u011bti star\u0161\u00ed, romsk\u00e9ho etnika, zdravotn\u011b posti\u017een\u00e9 nebo nemocn\u00e9 je z\u00e1jem minim\u00e1ln\u00ed. V \u00fastavech jich je p\u0159itom v\u011bt\u0161ina.<\/p>\n<p>Na tom, \u017ee tahle rovnice v \u010cesku nem\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, postavila z\u00e1hy po Listopadu my\u0161lenku sv\u00e9ho Fondu ohro\u017een\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed jeho zakladatelka Marie Vodi\u010dkov\u00e1. Navzdory \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016fm a \u00fastavn\u00ed lobby doslova ze zem\u011b vydupala s\u00ed\u0165 Klok\u00e1nk\u016f, rodinn\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro d\u011bti vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed okam\u017eitou pomoc. Jde o men\u0161\u00ed domky rozd\u011blen\u00e9 na jednotliv\u00e9 byty, kde se v\u017edy o \u010dty\u0159i a\u017e p\u011bt d\u011bt\u00ed staraj\u00ed po t\u00fddnu na st\u0159\u00edda\u010dku dv\u011b &#8222;tety&#8220;. Spole\u010dn\u011b \u017eij\u00ed jako rodina.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tis\u00edc dv\u011b st\u011b &#8222;klok\u00e1nkov\u00fdch&#8220; d\u011bt\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>O tom, \u017ee to funguje, dnes u\u017e snad nepochybuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd odborn\u00edk: d\u011bti z Klok\u00e1nk\u016f &#8211; na rozd\u00edl od d\u011bt\u00ed vyr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00edch v klasick\u00fdch \u00fastavech -netrp\u00ed citovou deprivac\u00ed. To je ten ub\u00edjej\u00edc\u00ed pocit, \u017ee nikomu nepat\u0159\u00edte. Popsala mi to onehdy jedna d\u011btsk\u00e1 psycholo\u017eka. Zat\u00edmco d\u011bti z \u00fastav\u016f obvykle bez z\u00e1bran odejdou i s nezn\u00e1m\u00fdmi lidi, d\u00edt\u011b z Klok\u00e1nku se bude v\u017edy dr\u017eet za sukni sv\u00e9 &#8222;tety&#8220;. Tak, jak to d\u011bti d\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed s m\u00e1mou.<\/p>\n<p>D\u011btsk\u00e9 domovy postaven\u00e9 na p\u00e9\u010di odborn\u00edk\u016f a nikoli laick\u00fdch tet nebyly z rozr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00ed se klokan\u00ed konkurence zrovna nad\u0161en\u00e9. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak, proto\u017ee v nich pracuj\u00ed odborn\u00edci, kter\u00fdm na d\u011btech z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed, postupn\u011b za\u010daly z\u0159izovat podobn\u00e9 rodinn\u00e9 bu\u0148ky tak\u00e9. V roce 2002 jim to nav\u00edc na\u0159\u00eddil z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd up\u0159ednost\u0148uje um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed ohro\u017een\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed do rodinn\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro okam\u017eitou pomoc p\u0159ed \u00fastavy.<\/p>\n<p>Od t\u00e9 doby nastal boom t\u011bchto za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Klok\u00e1nky dnes ro\u010dn\u011b projde 1 200 d\u011bt\u00ed. Zhruba 400 z nich tu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u00e9le ne\u017e p\u016fl roku. Takov\u00fdm d\u011btem se zam\u011bstnanci Klok\u00e1nk\u016f sna\u017e\u00ed naj\u00edt p\u011bstounsk\u00e9 rodiny. D\u011blaj\u00ed to i za cenu zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed fotografi\u00ed a konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f d\u011bt\u00ed. To se nel\u00edb\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016fm ministerstva pr\u00e1ce a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed to pova\u017euj\u00ed za z\u00e1sah do pr\u00e1v d\u011bt\u00ed. Fond je v\u0161ak i v tomto sv\u016fj a stav\u00ed pr\u00e1vo d\u011bt\u00ed na domov v\u00fd\u0161e ne\u017e ochranu jejich \u00fadaj\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>I proto se u\u017e l\u00e9ta vede mezi ministerstvem a Fondem ohro\u017een\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed z\u00e1kopov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Brit\u00e1nie, n\u00e1\u0161 vzor<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Do t\u00e9to situace p\u0159i\u0161la revoluce v n\u00e1hradn\u00ed rodinn\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010di. Skupina nad\u0161en\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f se rozhodla &#8222;p\u00e1chat dobro&#8220;. V Brit\u00e1nii okoukala model up\u0159ednost\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159ede v\u0161emi formami p\u00e9\u010de o ohro\u017een\u00e9 d\u011bti profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u011bstounstv\u00ed na p\u0159echodnou dobu. Ten prosadila do v\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 novely z\u00e1kona o soci\u00e1ln\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00ed ochran\u011b d\u011bt\u00ed a prom\u00edtla i do dal\u0161\u00edch z\u00e1kon\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0160lo to ztuha, snad proto tv\u016frci novely odm\u00edtli o v\u011bci diskutovat s odborn\u00edky z praxe. Kdo zapochyboval, byl pran\u00fd\u0159ov\u00e1n jako ten, kdo chce dr\u017eet d\u011bti v \u00fastavech. Tak se na jedn\u00e9 lodi paradoxn\u011b ocitli \u0159editel\u00e9 kojeneck\u00fdch domov\u016f, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed pracovn\u00edci, dlouholet\u00ed p\u011bstouni &#8211; a tak\u00e9 Marie Vodi\u010dkov\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>V r\u00e1mci reformy se kdosi rozhodl s Klok\u00e1nky zato\u010dit. V\u011b\u0159me, \u017ee ne ze msty v\u016f\u010di Vodi\u010dkov\u00e9, ale v naivn\u00edm domn\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee alternativn\u00ed rodinnou p\u00e9\u010di u\u017e nebudeme pot\u0159ebovat, proto\u017ee v\u0161e zastanou p\u011bstouni. Ti v\u0161ak nejsou. To, co m\u011blo opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdm d\u011btem pomoci, se prom\u011bnilo ve zlo\u010din p\u00e1chan\u00fd pr\u00e1v\u011b na nich.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Jana Bla\u017ekov\u00e1<br \/>\nMlad\u00e1 fronta DNES<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Klok\u00e1nky, kde se staraj\u00ed o ohro\u017een\u00e9 d\u011bti, utrp\u011bly likvida\u010dn\u00ed r\u00e1nu. Kv\u016fli nov\u00e9mu ob\u010dansk\u00e9mu z\u00e1kon\u00edku hroz\u00ed \u010dty\u0159em stovk\u00e1m d\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159esun do \u00fastav\u016f.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6457,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14632","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-spolecnost"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14632","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=14632"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14632\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6457"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=14632"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=14632"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=14632"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}