{"id":14690,"date":"2023-05-02T09:40:18","date_gmt":"2023-05-02T07:40:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=14690"},"modified":"2023-05-02T09:40:19","modified_gmt":"2023-05-02T07:40:19","slug":"jak-na-diabetickou-nohu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=14690","title":{"rendered":"Jak na diabetickou nohu?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>M\u00e1te cukrovku? Pak ne\u010dekejte, a\u017e p\u0159ijdou jej\u00ed komplikace, nap\u0159. pot\u00ed\u017ee s diabetickou nohou. Z\u00e1kladem je denn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o sebe. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo nechce sv\u00e9 nemoci d\u00e1t \u0161anci na jej\u00ed devastuj\u00edc\u00ed vliv, by se o sv\u00e9 nohy m\u011bl dob\u0159e starat, a to v p\u0159edstihu. Nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 poznatky jednozna\u010dn\u011b potvrzuj\u00ed, \u017ee vznik a zhor\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed komplikac\u00ed diabetu je mo\u017eno v\u00fdrazn\u011b omezit v\u010dasnou l\u00e9\u010dbou.<\/p>\n<p>Dlouhodob\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed glykemie p\u0159i cukrovce s sebou p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 pot\u00ed\u017ee. Jedn\u00edm ze z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f je diabetick\u00e1 neuropatie neboli nez\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed perifern\u00edch nerv\u016f. Posti\u017een\u00e1 je struktura nerv\u016f senzitivn\u00edch, motorick\u00fdch i vegetativn\u00edch, nej\u010dast\u011bji na doln\u00edch kon\u010detin\u00e1ch.<br \/>\nJin\u00fdmi slovy \u2013 s nohami diabetika se za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed d\u00edt nep\u011bkn\u00e9 v\u011bci. Pacient si st\u011b\u017euje na &#8222;studen\u00e9 nohy&#8220;, neur\u010dit\u00e9 pocity mraven\u010den\u00ed, brn\u011bn\u00ed nebo p\u00e1len\u00ed, n\u011bkdy dokonce velkou bolestivost, kter\u00e1 se ned\u00e1 uti\u0161it b\u011b\u017en\u00fdmi l\u00e9ky. Pot\u00ed\u017ee si \u010dasto uv\u011bdom\u00ed a\u017e ve chv\u00edl\u00edch, kdy je v klidu, v noci, p\u0159es den je obvykle nevn\u00edm\u00e1. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku ani p\u0159\u00edznaky nemusej\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 \u010di nutkav\u00e9. N\u011bkdy je pacienti p\u0159i kontrol\u00e1ch u l\u00e9ka\u0159e ani sami aktivn\u011b neuv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed.<br \/>\nTyto p\u0159\u00edznaky samotn\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161inou l\u00e9\u010dbu nevy\u017eaduj\u00ed, jsou v\u0161ak jasn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edznakem komplikace z\u00e1kladn\u00edho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, j\u00edm\u017e je cukrovka. Jakmile se toti\u017e za\u010dnou objevovat, lze hovo\u0159it o zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9m riziku z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9ho po\u0161kozen\u00ed doln\u00edch kon\u010detin! A tady u\u017e jde ve\u0161ker\u00e1 legrace stranou, proto\u017ee pacient, kter\u00fd ihned nezah\u00e1j\u00ed protiopat\u0159en\u00ed, se ocit\u00e1 v riziku vzniku syndromu diabetick\u00e9 nohy s hroz\u00edc\u00ed amputac\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Co m\u016f\u017eete sami d\u011blat, abyste sv\u00e9 nohy udr\u017eeli v dobr\u00e9m stavu po co nejdel\u0161\u00ed dobu? Nohy pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed pravidelnou p\u00e9\u010di. Jako pacienti toti\u017e m\u00e1te sn\u00ed\u017een\u00fd pr\u00e1h pro vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed akutn\u00ed bolesti a citlivosti. K pravideln\u00fdm denn\u00edm ritu\u00e1l\u016fm pat\u0159\u00ed koupel ve vla\u017en\u00e9 vod\u011b. Ne\u017e se obujete, prohl\u00e9dn\u011bte si sv\u00e9 boty, zda se do nich na posledn\u00ed proch\u00e1zce nezatoulal kam\u00ednek nebo zda v nich nez\u016fstala shrnut\u00e1 vlo\u017eka. P\u00e9\u010de o nohy zahrnuje i pravidelnou odborn\u011b provedenou pedik\u00faru. Jste-li n\u00e1chyln\u00ed ke vzniku od\u011brek, bu\u010fte na sv\u00e9 nohy opatrn\u00ed \u2013 i drobn\u00e9 poran\u011bn\u00ed se hoj\u00ed d\u00e9le a komplikovan\u011b. Po\u0159i\u010fte si speci\u00e1ln\u00ed pono\u017eky pro diabetiky, kter\u00e9 jsou vyrobeny ze speci\u00e1ln\u00edho materi\u00e1lu s p\u0159\u00eddavkem st\u0159\u00edbra a nejsou zakon\u010deny pevn\u00fdm lemem.<\/p>\n<p>M\u011bli byste si koupit opravdu kvalitn\u00ed obuv. Ta m\u016f\u017ee z\u00e1sadn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem ovlivnit dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj poruchy a stav va\u0161ich nohou. Diabetik s rizikem rozvoje diabetick\u00e9 nohy m\u00e1 n\u00e1rok na <strong>p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek ve v\u00fd\u0161i 1 000 K\u010d na 1 p\u00e1r profylaktick\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed obuvi jednou za 2 roky<\/strong>. Tuto zdravotn\u00ed obuv m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159edepsat diabetolog, ortoped, rehabilita\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159, chirurg, angiolog, lymfolog, flebolog a revmatolog.\u00a0Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je tak\u00e9 k dispozici u nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovny i n\u011bkter\u00fdch men\u0161\u00edch poji\u0161\u0165oven nad z\u00e1konn\u00fd r\u00e1mec je\u0161t\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek na zdravotn\u00ed obuv nebo na podiatrick\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Obdobnou pozornost je pot\u0159eba v\u011bnovat dom\u00e1c\u00edm p\u0159ez\u016fvk\u00e1m. Je t\u0159eba, aby m\u011bly dostate\u010dn\u00e9 tlumiv\u00e9 vlastnosti. Pokud jste v rozpac\u00edch ve v\u00fdb\u011bru, je lep\u0161\u00ed nosit obuv typu crocs, optim\u00e1ln\u011b z p\u016fvodn\u00edch, dra\u017e\u0161\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f. Vydr\u017e\u00ed funk\u010dn\u00ed mnoho let. Je t\u0159eba db\u00e1t na to, aby pacient m\u011bl obuv odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e jeho rizika, tedy ochrann\u00e9 vlo\u017eky, profylaktickou obuv a u nejrizikov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pacient\u016f obuv u\u0161itou p\u0159\u00edmo na m\u00edru. Stejn\u00e1 pozornost se v\u011bnuje kvalit\u011b a ochrann\u00fdm vlastnostem dom\u00e1c\u00ed obuvi<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edznaky diabetick\u00e9 neuropatie lze podobn\u011b jako dal\u0161\u00ed komplikace diabetu zm\u00edrnit. Nedaj\u00ed se zcela vyl\u00e9\u010dit, ale je mo\u017en\u00e9 je stabilizovat a v\u00fdrazn\u011b zlep\u0161it v\u010dasnou a vhodnou l\u00e9\u010dbou. Krom\u011b klasick\u00fdch l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch metod a p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f odborn\u00edci pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed i \u0159adu podp\u016frn\u00fdch l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f. Mezi n\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad ozonoterapie a mezodiencefalick\u00e1 modulace (MDM). Ozonoterapie je velmi star\u00e1 a stovkou let prov\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 metoda, kter\u00e1 se s n\u00e1stupem \u201amodern\u00ed\u2018 farmakoterapie a tlakem farmaceutick\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu dostala do pozad\u00ed \u2013 nen\u00ed ani sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u201a\u0161koln\u00ed\u2018 medic\u00edny. Nic to ale nem\u011bn\u00ed na tom, \u017ee je vysoce bezpe\u010dn\u00e1 a efektivn\u00ed, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v problematice poruch prokrven\u00ed, antimikrobi\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u016fsoben\u00ed, tedy p\u0159i hojen\u00ed ran, p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011b ovliv\u0148uje stavy spojen\u00e9 s poruchami imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, dod\u00e1v\u00e1 bu\u0148k\u00e1m energii a m\u00e1 i ur\u010dit\u00fd protin\u00e1dorov\u00fd efekt.<br \/>\nJak to v praxi p\u0159i ozonoterapie vypad\u00e1? V\u017edy se jedn\u00e1 o sm\u011bs s mal\u00fdm, ale konkr\u00e9tn\u011b definovan\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm ozonu a v\u011bt\u0161inov\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9ho kysl\u00edku. Aplikuje se lok\u00e1ln\u011b formou uzav\u0159en\u00fdch vak\u016f na posti\u017een\u00e9 kon\u010detin\u011b (do vaku \u010di speci\u00e1ln\u00ed komory lze krom hlavy uzav\u0159\u00edt cel\u00e9 t\u011blo). Dal\u0161\u00edmi mo\u017enostmi jsou rekt\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010di infuzn\u00ed pod\u00e1n\u00ed, sycen\u00ed do olej\u016f, nej\u010dast\u011bji olivov\u00e9ho, a lok\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace na k\u016f\u017ei. Nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je takzvan\u00e1 velk\u00e1 autohemoterapie. Jde o odb\u011br 100 a\u017e 150 ml heparinizovan\u00e9 krve pacienta, jej\u00ed prosycen\u00ed sm\u011bs\u00ed ozonu a kysl\u00edku a n\u00e1sledn\u011b zp\u011btn\u00e9 nitro\u017eiln\u00ed pod\u00e1n\u00ed pacientovi.<\/p>\n<p>Druh\u00e1 z u\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch metod, mezodiencefalick\u00e1 modulace (MDM), je neinvazivn\u00ed elektrofyziologickou stimulaci centr\u00e1ln\u00edho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu terapeutick\u00fdmi proudov\u00fdmi impulzy o velmi n\u00edzk\u00e9 impedanci, je\u017e se vys\u00edlaj\u00ed pomoc\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00edch &#8222;sluch\u00e1tek&#8220;. Metoda je nebolestiv\u00e1, pacient aplikaci nevn\u00edm\u00e1. Impulzy p\u016fsob\u00ed na \u010d\u00e1st CNS \u2013 na mezimozek. Podle klinick\u00fdch studi\u00ed jde o zcela bezpe\u010dnou metodu, je\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na samostatn\u011b i v kombinaci s l\u00e9ky. Jej\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky jsou dlouhodob\u00e9.<br \/>\nNejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed efekt MDM m\u00e1, pokud je p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e1 pouze diabetick\u00e1 neuropatie, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 trv\u00e1n\u00ed cca do 5 let. T\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed neuropatie nebo neuropatie jin\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu (ko\u0159enov\u00fd \u00fatlak, toxometalick\u00e9 \u2013 alkoholick\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed) nejsou MDM terapi\u00ed tak v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovlivn\u011bny. Ani metoda MDM v\u0161ak nen\u00ed v\u0161el\u00e9kem a l\u00e9ka\u0159i pe\u010dliv\u011b zva\u017euj\u00ed, kter\u00fd pacient je pro tuto terapii vhodn\u00fd. Obecn\u011b se doporu\u010duje pacient\u016fm s diabetickou neuropati\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed h\u016f\u0159e reaguj\u00ed na farmakoterapii, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b pokud maj\u00ed \u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch l\u00e9k\u016f a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed p\u0159edepisovan\u00e9 medikace proti bolesti by jim prosp\u011blo.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud diabetes za\u010dne ovliv\u0148ovat \u017eivot p\u0159idru\u017een\u00fdmi komplikacemi, situace m\u016f\u017ee vy\u00fastit ve zbyte\u010dnou ztr\u00e1tu zraku, kon\u010detiny, p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fd srde\u010dn\u00ed infarkt \u010di mozkovou mrtvici.<\/p>\n<p>Diabetiky je podle odborn\u00edk\u016f nutno aktivn\u011b hledat, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b ve skupin\u011b 45\u201360 let. L\u00e9\u010dbu je t\u0159eba zah\u00e1jit, pokud je to mo\u017en\u00e9, u\u017e ve stadiu &#8222;prediabetu&#8220;. Proto\u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina diabetik\u016f trp\u00ed cukrovkou 2. typu, nab\u00edz\u00ed se jednoduch\u00fd a v\u0161ude om\u00edlan\u00fd recept na diabetes (a tedy i na diabetickou neuropatii): zabr\u00e1nit jeho rozvoji. A jakmile m\u00e1te i jen mal\u00e9 podez\u0159en\u00ed na to, \u017ee byste mohli cukrovkou trp\u011bt, je vhodn\u00e9 v\u010dasn\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159em; v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b rozvinut\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f s diabetickou nohou je pak rozhodn\u011b na m\u00edst\u011b i konzultace u podiatra.<\/p>\n<p>Jak\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017ee jsou MDM terapi\u00ed nejv\u00edce ovlivn\u011bny:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; zlep\u0161en\u00ed citlivosti doln\u00edch kon\u010detin je ud\u00e1v\u00e1no a\u017e u 50 % pacient\u016f<br \/>\n&#8211; zlep\u0161en\u00ed hybnosti u 10 % pacient\u016f<br \/>\n&#8211; zlep\u0161en\u00ed sp\u00e1nku u 40 % pacient\u016f<br \/>\n&#8211; zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed bolestivosti u 28 % pacient\u016f<br \/>\n&#8211; zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed pocitu studen\u00fdch nohou u 25 % pacient\u016f<br \/>\n&#8211; redukce k\u0159e\u010d\u00ed u 30 % pacient\u016f<br \/>\n&#8211; zlep\u0161en\u00ed psychiky u 10 % pacient\u016f<\/p>\n<p>Starost o pacienty s diabetickou nohou \u010dasto nab\u00edzej\u00ed poskytovatel\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00edch slu\u017eeb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>M\u00e1te cukrovku? Pak ne\u010dekejte, a\u017e p\u0159ijdou jej\u00ed komplikace, nap\u0159. pot\u00ed\u017ee s diabetickou nohou. Z\u00e1kladem je denn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o sebe. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo nechce sv\u00e9 nemoci d\u00e1t <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=14690\" title=\"Jak na diabetickou nohu?\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29185,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14690","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14690","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=14690"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14690\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/29185"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=14690"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=14690"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=14690"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}