O zdravotn\u00ed kondici \u010dlov\u011bka vypov\u00edd\u00e1 mimo jin\u00e9 i vzhled neht\u016f. Hrbolat\u00fd a zabarven\u00fd vzhled m\u016f\u017ee upozornit na nehtovou myk\u00f3zu. Jak ji pozn\u00e1me a jak s n\u00ed bojovat? O tom hovo\u0159ila ko\u017en\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159ka MUDr. Vlasta Machovcov\u00e1.<\/p>\n
– Co je to myk\u00f3za a postihuje na na\u0161em t\u011ble jen nehty?<\/p>\n
Myk\u00f3za je pl\u00eds\u0148ov\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee postihovat k\u016f\u017ei, vlasy, vousy, nehty a tak\u00e9 sliznice. Vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed ji patogenn\u00ed keratofiln\u00ed houby a kvasinky.<\/p>\n
– O jak \u010dast\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed se jedn\u00e1 a koho nej\u010dast\u011bji postihuje?<\/p>\n
V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdskytu lok\u00e1ln\u00edch myk\u00f3z. Jedn\u00edm z d\u016fvod\u016f je n\u00e1r\u016fst rizikov\u00fdch faktor\u016f u pacient\u016f, u kter\u00fdch se onemocn\u011bn\u00ed projevuj\u00ed. Myk\u00f3zy neohro\u017euj\u00ed pacienta bezprost\u0159edn\u011b na \u017eivot\u011b na rozd\u00edl od syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch myk\u00f3z, ale jde o infekci s vysokou prevalenc\u00ed a se sklonem k recidiv\u00e1m. Mezi nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rizikov\u00e9 faktory pat\u0159\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u011bk se sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm perifern\u00ed vaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed cirkulace, cukrovka, lup\u00e9nka, oslaben\u00ed imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu l\u00e9\u010dbou cytostatiky, kortikosteroidy nebo antibiotiky. Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdskyt souvis\u00ed i s \u0159adou faktor\u016f jako je hromadn\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00fdch prostor baz\u00e9n\u016f, sprch, sauny. Sn\u00ed\u017eila se \u00farove\u0148 dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed hygienick\u00fdch pravidel, zv\u00fd\u0161ilo se no\u0161en\u00ed uzav\u0159en\u00e9 obuvi z nevhodn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f. Onychomyk\u00f3za pa\u0159\u00ed mezi nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed neht\u016f. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee postihuje 5 a\u017e 8 procent populace. \u010cast\u011bji jsou posti\u017eeny mu\u017ei ne\u017e \u017eeny.<\/p>\n
– Jak se projevuje a jak sami pozn\u00e1me, \u017ee touto chorobou trp\u00edme?<\/p>\n
Nehtov\u00e1 myk\u00f3za je chronick\u00fd proces, kter\u00fd postihuje \u010dast\u011bji nehty na nohou ne\u017e na rukou, a to hlavn\u011b na palci a mal\u00edku nohy. Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edznakem mykotick\u00e9ho posti\u017een\u00ed nehtu je jeho ztlu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a zm\u011bna zabarven\u00ed. Nehet ji\u017e nem\u00e1 \u010dirou plot\u00e9nku, ale je b\u011blav\u00fd, na\u017eloutl\u00fd, nazelenal\u00fd \u010di nahn\u011bdl\u00fd. Ztr\u00e1c\u00ed lesk, roz\u0161t\u011bpuje se a rozpad\u00e1 se. Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed forma za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 posti\u017een\u00edm voln\u00e9ho okraje nehtu s pronik\u00e1n\u00edm houbov\u00fdch element\u016f d\u00e1l nehtov\u00fdm l\u016f\u017ekem.<\/p>\n
– V l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00e1ch se n\u00e1m nab\u00edz\u00ed plno „pomocn\u00edk\u016f“, kte\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1m uleh\u010d\u00ed boj s myk\u00f3zou. Opravdu funguj\u00ed nebo je nutn\u00e9 vyhledat l\u00e9ka\u0159skou pomoc?<\/p>\n
V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je v l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00e1ch \u0161irok\u00e1 nab\u00eddka \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch antimykotick\u00fdch roztok\u016f, kr\u00e9m\u016f, sprej\u016f i \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9ho laku. L\u00e9\u010dba by v\u0161ak m\u011bla b\u00fdt v rukou odborn\u00edka.<\/p>\n
– Co d\u011blat v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee ve\u0161ker\u00e1 farmakologick\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba selh\u00e1v\u00e1?<\/p>\n
L\u00e9\u010dba onychomyk\u00f3zy je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 a dlouhodob\u00e1. Mykotick\u00fd nehet odr\u016fst\u00e1 velmi pomalu, ne\u017e je zcela nahrazen nehtem zdrav\u00fdm. Lok\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dba m\u00e1 jen omezen\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed s nad\u011bj\u00ed na \u00fasp\u011bch tehdy, pokud nen\u00ed nehet posti\u017een v\u00edce ne\u017e 25 procenty. V ostatn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech je nutn\u00e1 syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 terapie. Asi 20 a\u017e 25 procent nemocn\u00fdch reaguje \u0161patn\u011b nebo v\u016fbec ne na terapii syst\u00e9mov\u00fdm antimykotikem. Proto kombinovan\u00e1 terapie s mechanickou abraz\u00ed nehtov\u00e9 plot\u00e9nky pilov\u00e1n\u00edm umo\u017en\u00ed vyl\u00e9\u010dit i rezistentn\u00ed onychomyk\u00f3zu.<\/p>\n
– Jak\u00e9 z\u00e1sady je pot\u0159eba dodr\u017eovat, aby se infekce neroz\u0161i\u0159ovala a neopakovala?<\/p>\n
Nehtov\u00e1 myk\u00f3za je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit kvalitu \u017eivota pacienta. M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zdrojem nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch komplikac\u00ed, proto pe\u010dliv\u00e9 a pravideln\u00e9 o\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed nemocn\u00fdch neht\u016f je samoz\u0159ejmost\u00ed jako dezinfekce obuvi, pono\u017eek nebo rukavic. Sou\u010dasn\u011b by se m\u011bly l\u00e9\u010dit v\u0161echny osoby, kter\u00e9 \u017eij\u00ed s nemocn\u00fdm ve spole\u010dn\u00e9 dom\u00e1cnosti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
O zdravotn\u00ed kondici \u010dlov\u011bka vypov\u00edd\u00e1 mimo jin\u00e9 i vzhled neht\u016f. Hrbolat\u00fd a zabarven\u00fd vzhled m\u016f\u017ee upozornit na nehtovou myk\u00f3zu. Jak ji pozn\u00e1me a jak s […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15606,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14930","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14930","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=14930"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14930\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/15606"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=14930"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=14930"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=14930"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}