{"id":15051,"date":"2014-03-06T17:05:00","date_gmt":"2014-03-06T16:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=15051"},"modified":"2014-03-06T18:19:31","modified_gmt":"2014-03-06T17:19:31","slug":"jesli-v-cesku-kvapem-ubyva-funguji-jich-jen-ctyri-desitky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=15051","title":{"rendered":"Jesl\u00ed v \u010cesku kvapem ub\u00fdv\u00e1, funguje jich jen 44"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Jesl\u00ed v \u010cesku ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b ub\u00fdv\u00e1. Zat\u00edmco v 80. letech existovala v zemi v\u00edce ne\u017e tis\u00edcovka t\u011bchto zdravotnick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s des\u00edtkami tis\u00edc m\u00edst, te\u010f jich jsou zhruba jen \u010dty\u0159i des\u00edtky&#8230;.<!--more--><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 to ze statistik \u00dastavu zdravotnick\u00fdch informac\u00ed a statistiky (\u00daZIS). Obce a m\u011bsta sv\u00e9 jesle v\u011bt\u0161inou zru\u0161ily. Vznikaj\u00ed ale soukrom\u00e1 \u010di firemn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Radnice na p\u00e9\u010di v nich \u010dasto poskytuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky.<\/p>\n<p>Za prudk\u00fdm \u00fabytkem po\u010dtu m\u00edst je pokles porodnosti, prodlou\u017een\u00ed rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9 dovolen\u00e9 i zm\u011bna p\u0159\u00edstupu k p\u00e9\u010di. &#8222;Na \u00fakor kolektivn\u00ed institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o nejmen\u0161\u00ed d\u011bti za\u010dala b\u00fdt preferov\u00e1na p\u00e9\u010de v dom\u00e1c\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed rodi\u010dovskou osobou,&#8220; uvedli auto\u0159i v\u00fdzkumu o dostupnosti jesl\u00ed, kter\u00fd si nechalo vypracovat ministerstvo pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n<p>Jesle pro d\u011bti od p\u016fl roku do t\u0159\u00ed let se provozuj\u00ed jako zdravotnick\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Je\u0161t\u011b v roce 1990 jich bylo v \u010cesku 1043 pro t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 39.900 d\u011bt\u00ed. Existovalo i dal\u0161\u00edch 400 mikrojesl\u00ed a tak\u00e9 jesl\u00ed, kter\u00e9 byly sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0161kolek. V nich m\u011blo hl\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch 10.000 chlapc\u016f a d\u011bv\u010dat. Jen za jedin\u00fd rok se kapacita v\u00fdrazn\u011b se\u0161krtala. V roce 1991 fungovalo u\u017e jen 470 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s 16.600 m\u00edsty. V roce 2012 existovalo 44 jesl\u00ed pro 1401 d\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Podle \u00daZIS t\u011bchto za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1 d\u00e1l ub\u00fdv\u00e1 i proto, \u017ee je nyn\u00ed tuto slu\u017ebu mo\u017en\u00e9 provozovat i jako v\u00e1zanou \u017eivnost. Za\u010dala fungovat soukrom\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, sv\u00e9 jesle z\u0159\u00eddily pro d\u011bti sv\u00fdch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f i n\u011bkter\u00e9 firmy. N\u011bkter\u00e9 radnice na zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de poskytuj\u00ed rodi\u010d\u016fm mal\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky.<\/p>\n<p>Obce jesle z\u0159izovat nemus\u00ed, z\u00e1kon jim to neukl\u00e1d\u00e1. Nemaj\u00ed tedy ani n\u00e1rok na dotace od st\u00e1tu \u010di na pen\u00edze ze zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. V\u011bt\u0161inou slu\u017ebu provozuj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u011bsta. &#8222;Nejmen\u0161\u00ed obec s jeslemi m\u011bla p\u0159es 12.000 obyvatel. Jen v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b byly jesle mimo krajsk\u00e1 m\u011bsta a Prahu,&#8220; uv\u00e1d\u00ed zpr\u00e1va z v\u00fdzkumu. Podle n\u00ed nen\u00ed rovnom\u011brn\u00e9 ani rozlo\u017een\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed po republice.<\/p>\n<p>Podle \u00fadaj\u016f \u00daZIS za rok 2012 \u010dty\u0159i jesle byly v Praze, \u0161est pak v \u00dasteck\u00e9m kraji. V Karlovarsk\u00e9m kraji \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 m\u011bsto \u010di obec tuto p\u00e9\u010di nezaji\u0161\u0165ovaly. V Jihomoravsk\u00e9m kraji byla jen v Brn\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>\u010cesko m\u00e1 ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi vysp\u011bl\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty malou zam\u011bstnanost \u017een s d\u011btmi. Jedn\u00edm z d\u016fvod\u016f je podle expert\u016f to, \u017ee matky nemohou pro sv\u00e9 mal\u00e9 potomky naj\u00edt hl\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed, nemohou tak chodit do pr\u00e1ce. Podle studie na pln\u00fd \u00favazek pracovala ani ne desetina \u017een s d\u011btmi do t\u0159\u00ed let, kter\u00e9 p\u0159i\u0161ly na sv\u011bt po roce 2000. V 70. letech chodilo do pr\u00e1ce 29 procent matek mal\u00fdch Hus\u00e1kov\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Rodi\u010dovsk\u00e1 dovolen\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee trvat a\u017e \u010dty\u0159i roky. &#8222;Nikdo nep\u0159ikazuje rodi\u010d\u016fm b\u00fdt doma cel\u00e9 \u010dty\u0159i roky. Pokud se cht\u011bj\u00ed vr\u00e1tit do pr\u00e1ce d\u0159\u00edve, m\u011bli by pro to m\u00edt podm\u00ednky,&#8220; \u0159ekla p\u0159ed ned\u00e1vnem ministryn\u011b pr\u00e1ce Michaela Marksov\u00e1 Tominov\u00e1 (\u010cSSD). Podporuje t\u0159eba vznik d\u011btsk\u00fdch skupin. Tam by rodi\u010de mohli d\u00e1vat na hl\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bti od jednoho roku.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1klady jesl\u00ed na jedno d\u00edt\u011b m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b \u010din\u00ed 8000 a\u017e 12.000 korun. Podle v\u00fdzkumu pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 poplatek od rodi\u010d\u016f maxim\u00e1ln\u011b p\u011btinu. Zbytek dopl\u00e1cely v\u011bt\u0161inou obce. Za soukrom\u00e9 jesle vyd\u00e1 rodina i n\u011bkolikan\u00e1sobn\u011b v\u00edc ne\u017e za ty obecn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Mate\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161koly maj\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b dv\u011b t\u0159etiny pen\u011bz na provoz od st\u00e1tu, \u010di p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b od kraje, uv\u00e1d\u00ed zpr\u00e1va z v\u00fdzkumu. Nov\u00e1 vl\u00e1da ve sv\u00e9m programov\u00e9m prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed uvedla, \u017ee zajist\u00ed &#8222;syst\u00e9movou podporu p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed&#8220;. Vyu\u017e\u00edt chce evropsk\u00e9 pen\u00edze i nov\u00fd n\u00e1rodn\u00ed fond, z n\u011bho\u017e by obce m\u011bly dostat prost\u0159edky na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00e9 kapacity \u0161kolek.<\/p>\n<p>&#8222;Jesle se dostala do naprost\u00e9ho pr\u00e1vn\u00edho vakua. I p\u00e9\u010de o d\u011bti do t\u0159\u00ed let by se m\u011bla v\u010dlenit do p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edho syst\u00e9mu,&#8220; \u0159ekla ministryn\u011b. Podle n\u00ed kv\u016fli nedostatku slu\u017eeb p\u00e9\u010de o mal\u00e9 d\u011bti \u010cesko mimo jin\u00e9 ztr\u00e1c\u00ed potenci\u00e1l ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti vzd\u011blan\u00fdch \u017een, kter\u00e9 by se r\u00e1dy brzy vr\u00e1tily do pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Po\u010dty jesl\u00ed a m\u00edst v nich v jednotliv\u00fdch letech<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Rok\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Po\u010det jesl\u00ed\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Po\u010det m\u00edst v jesl\u00edch<br \/>\n1970\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01155\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a047.393<br \/>\n1975\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01203\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a050.276<br \/>\n1980\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01398\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a059.888<br \/>\n1985\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01433\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a060.625<br \/>\n1989\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01313\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a052.646<br \/>\n1990\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01043\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a039.829<br \/>\n1991\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0470\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a016.628<br \/>\n1992\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0381\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a013.196<br \/>\n1993\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0247\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a09265<br \/>\n1994\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0235\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a08565<br \/>\n1995\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0207\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a06747<br \/>\n1996\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0172\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a05472<br \/>\n1997\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0113\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a02898<br \/>\n1998\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a084\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a02161<br \/>\n1999\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a073\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01883<br \/>\n2000\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a065\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01750<br \/>\n2001\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a062\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01565<br \/>\n2002\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a058\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01582<br \/>\n2003\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a059\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01678<br \/>\n2004\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a056\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01616<br \/>\n2005\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a056\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01579<br \/>\n2006\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a049\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01480<br \/>\n2007\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a047\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01495<br \/>\n2008\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a047\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01413<br \/>\n2009\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a046\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01419<br \/>\n2010\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a046\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01452<br \/>\n2011\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a046\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01425<br \/>\n2012\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a044\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a01401<\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: \u00daZIS<\/p>\n<p>ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto: C&#8217;est moi! Flickr<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Jesl\u00ed v \u010cesku ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b ub\u00fdv\u00e1. Zat\u00edmco v 80. letech existovala v zemi v\u00edce ne\u017e tis\u00edcovka t\u011bchto zdravotnick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s des\u00edtkami tis\u00edc m\u00edst, te\u010f jich jsou <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=15051\" title=\"Jesl\u00ed v \u010cesku kvapem ub\u00fdv\u00e1, funguje jich jen 44\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14681,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15051","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-spolecnost"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15051","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15051"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15051\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14681"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15051"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15051"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15051"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}