Nemus\u00edme ani b\u00fdt nemocn\u00ed \u010di po \u00farazu, abychom s\u00e1hli po ort\u00e9ze \u2013 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed je i zcela zdrav\u00ed lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed zpevnit klouby a svaly a dodat sv\u00e9mu t\u011blu stabilitu.<\/p>\n
Ort\u00e9zy vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jak sportovci, tak lid\u00e9 t\u011b\u017ece fyzicky pracuj\u00edc\u00ed, chod\u00edc\u00ed nemocn\u00ed nebo i ti, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou upoutan\u00ed na invalidn\u00ed voz\u00edk. Zkr\u00e1tka v\u0161ichni, kdo pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed znehybnit \u010di zpevnit \u010d\u00e1st t\u011bla. \u00dakolem ort\u00e9zy (z latinsk\u00e9ho orto = rovn\u00fd, p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd) je udr\u017eovat vz\u00e1jemn\u011b pohybliv\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti t\u011bla v pevn\u00e9 poloze. Nej\u010dast\u011bji se ort\u00e9za pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 na horn\u00ed \u010di doln\u00ed kon\u010detinu, existuj\u00ed ov\u0161em i takov\u00e9, kter\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed stabilitu trupu. T\u011bm se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 korzety. Funguj\u00ed na stejn\u00e9m principu jako s\u00e1dra, ale na rozd\u00edl od t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9ho krun\u00fd\u0159e zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed pacientovi mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pohodl\u00ed. Pro osoby upoutan\u00e9 na invalidn\u00ed voz\u00edk jsou ur\u010deny speci\u00e1ln\u00ed sed ort\u00e9zy.<\/p>\n
Nej\u010dast\u011bji se ort\u00e9zy pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159i \u00farazech. Dal\u0161\u00ed velmi roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159enou indikac\u00ed jsou r\u016fzn\u00e1 kloubn\u00ed \u010di svalov\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 omezuj\u00ed funkci svalov\u00e9ho apar\u00e1tu. Ort\u00e9za m\u00e1 za \u00fakol zajistit hned n\u011bkolik funkc\u00ed \u2013 stabilizuje kloub a odleh\u010d\u00ed jeho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. Kdy\u017e si nap\u0159\u00edklad vymknete kotn\u00edk, je pot\u0159eba jej fixovat, znehybnit, aby to jednak co nejm\u00e9n\u011b bolelo, jednak aby se noha co nejm\u00e9n\u011b nam\u00e1hala.<\/p>\n
Sta\u0159\u00ed i sportovci<\/p>\n
Ort\u00e9zy nos\u00ed tak\u00e9 star\u0161\u00ed lid\u00e9 s degenerativn\u00edmi kloubn\u00edmi obt\u00ed\u017eemi. Mnoho jich trp\u00ed artr\u00f3zou kolenn\u00edch kloub\u016f. Pom\u016fcka je pro n\u011b velk\u00fdm pomocn\u00edkem, proto\u017ee pom\u00e1h\u00e1 zachovat spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u00fahlov\u00e9 postaven\u00ed t\u011bchto kloub\u016f, co\u017e vede k \u00falev\u011b.<\/p>\n
Velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed adept\u016f pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ort\u00e9z tvo\u0159\u00ed sportovci, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b ti vrcholov\u00ed. B\u011bhem n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9, monot\u00f3nn\u00ed sportovn\u00ed aktivity se toti\u017e zvy\u0161uje riziko p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 svalov\u00e9 skupiny, n\u011bkdy m\u016f\u017ee dokonce doj\u00edt k poran\u011bn\u00ed svalov\u011b-kostern\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. Posti\u017een\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee situaci vy\u0159e\u0161it dv\u011bma zp\u016fsoby: bu\u010f se \u00fapln\u011b p\u0159estat h\u00fdbat, nebo se za\u010d\u00edt efektivn\u011b chr\u00e1nit. Kdo aktivn\u011b sportuje, v\u00ed, \u017ee sport je radost, a ud\u011bl\u00e1 v\u0161e pro to, aby mohl sportovat d\u00e1l a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdm poran\u011bn\u00edm p\u0159edch\u00e1zel.
\nOrt\u00e9za (n\u011bkdy posta\u010d\u00ed i oby\u010dejn\u00e1 band\u00e1\u017e) p\u0159edstavuje prost\u0159edek jak pro prevenci, tak i pro samotnou l\u00e9\u010dbu poran\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Od paty k hlav\u011b<\/p>\n
Nohy n\u00e1s nos\u00ed po cel\u00fd \u017eivot. Maj\u00ed nelehk\u00fd \u00fakol \u2013 vyrovn\u00e1vaj\u00ed postaven\u00ed cel\u00e9ho t\u011bla. Proto je jejich spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 postaven\u00ed velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro cestu \u017eivotem. Poran\u011bn\u00ed nohou \u010di jejich \u0161patn\u00e1 poloha mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou cel\u00e9 s\u00e9rie dal\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f, je\u017e se projev\u00ed v jin\u00fdch t\u011blesn\u00fdch parti\u00edch. Velmi \u010dasto se pak setk\u00e1v\u00e1me s takzvanou sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed bolest\u00ed zad \u010di kolen. Teplo a pocit bezpe\u010d\u00ed<\/p>\n Ort\u00e9za v\u011bt\u0161inou pln\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed funkce. Prody\u0161nou, \u010di zah\u0159\u00edvac\u00ed?<\/p>\n Ort\u00e9zy se d\u0159\u00edve vyr\u00e1b\u011bly t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u017edy z neoprenu \u010di kevlaru \u2013 jde o materi\u00e1ly, je\u017e zajist\u00ed tu spr\u00e1vnou „stla\u010dovac\u00ed“ d\u00e1vku, a p\u0159itom neztr\u00e1cej\u00ed nic ze sv\u00fdch dobr\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed p\u0159i neust\u00e1l\u00e9m pocen\u00ed, pran\u00ed a siln\u00e9m nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed b\u011bhem ka\u017edodenn\u00edho no\u0161en\u00ed. Pro sportovce je tedy tento materi\u00e1l neoceniteln\u00fdm pomocn\u00edkem. Vyb\u00edrejte s odborn\u00edkem<\/p>\n Lid\u00e9 jsou \u010dasto n\u00e1chyln\u00ed k p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed prvn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f a p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00ed, \u017ee se v\u0161e vyl\u00e9\u010d\u00ed samovoln\u011b. Sed ort\u00e9zy jsou ur\u010deny pacient\u016fm upoutan\u00fdm na invalidn\u00ed voz\u00edk. Udr\u017euj\u00ed p\u00e1te\u0159 ve vhodn\u00e9 poloze a zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed spr\u00e1vnou polohu t\u011bla p\u0159i sedu. Trupov\u00e1 ort\u00e9za (korzet) je vyrobena z lehk\u00e9ho, ale pevn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu (r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy plast\u016f). Pom\u00e1h\u00e1 udr\u017eovat trup ve spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 poloze a zlep\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1pravu vadn\u00e9ho dr\u017een\u00ed t\u011bla. Tyto pom\u016fcky se obvykle vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed na m\u00edru.<\/p>\n Poran\u011bn\u00ed<\/p>\n Poran\u011bn\u00ed svalov\u011b-kostern\u00edho syst\u00e9mu se d\u011bl\u00ed zhruba do dvou hlavn\u00edch skupin. Pokud vznikne n\u00e1sledkem \u00farazu, m\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161inou konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed m\u00edsto, kde k n\u011bmu do\u0161lo, a je tedy jasn\u00fd i l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fd pl\u00e1n. Vznik<\/strong> poran\u011bn\u00ed ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed a vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed faktory. Mezi vnit\u0159n\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 rehabilitace po p\u0159edchoz\u00edm poran\u011bn\u00ed, naru\u0161en\u00e1 mobilita, zhor\u0161en\u00e1 koordinace, svalov\u00e1 nerovnov\u00e1ha, \u0161patn\u00e9 anatomick\u00e9 postaven\u00ed, genetick\u00e1 predispozice a samoz\u0159ejm\u011b v\u011bk. Z vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch se na vzniku poran\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee pod\u00edlet nap\u0159\u00edklad nepravideln\u00fd \u010di jednostrann\u00fd tr\u00e9nink, rychle se zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e, \u0161patn\u00e1 technika pohybu, nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 zotaven\u00ed, \u0161patn\u00e1 obuv\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Nemus\u00edme ani b\u00fdt nemocn\u00ed \u010di po \u00farazu, abychom s\u00e1hli po ort\u00e9ze \u2013 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed je i zcela zdrav\u00ed lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed zpevnit klouby a svaly a […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":39742,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15497","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15497","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15497"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15497\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/39742"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15497"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15497"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15497"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nP\u0159esto\u017ee se to na prvn\u00ed pohled nezd\u00e1, i pom\u016fcky pro navozen\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 ch\u016fze (podpat\u011bnky<\/strong> \u010di st\u00e9lky<\/strong> do bot) vlastn\u011b tak\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed do kategorie ort\u00e9z. St\u00e9lky podporuj\u00ed nohy, pohlcuj\u00ed n\u00e1razy a odleh\u010duj\u00ed klouby.
\nBiomechanick\u00e9 st\u00e9lky, je\u017e se p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed na m\u00edru, koriguj\u00ed i \u0161patn\u00e9 postaven\u00ed nohou.<\/p>\n
\nPom\u00e1h\u00e1 zv\u00fd\u0161it prokrven\u00ed<\/strong> a t\u00edm zlep\u0161uje p\u0159ipravenost kloubu na z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e. P\u0159i poran\u011bn\u00ed nav\u00edc \u010dasto doch\u00e1z\u00ed k otoku okolo poran\u011bn\u00e9ho m\u00edsta \u2013 ort\u00e9za toto m\u00edsto stla\u010d\u00ed a t\u00edm otok redukuje<\/strong>.
\nVelkou roli hraje tak\u00e9 psychika<\/strong> nemocn\u00e9ho \u2013 jakmile se poran\u011bn\u00e1 kon\u010detina zabal\u00ed do zpev\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed ort\u00e9zy, p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pocit klidu, bezpe\u010d\u00ed a pohody. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo s n\u00ed n\u011bkdy str\u00e1vil \u010das, potvrd\u00ed, \u017ee se na posti\u017eenou \u010d\u00e1st t\u011bla d\u00edky t\u00e9to vychytan\u00e9 pom\u016fcce v\u00edce soust\u0159edil a pe\u010dliv\u011bji a d\u016fkladn\u011bji s n\u00ed pracoval, cvi\u010dil.<\/p>\n
\nPro l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely „vedou“ materi\u00e1ly v\u00edce prody\u0161n\u00e9 nebo s tepeln\u011b regula\u010dn\u00edmi vlastnostmi. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se nap\u0159\u00edklad technologie PCM (phase change material), je\u017e byla p\u016fvodn\u011b vyvinuta k vyva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed teploty ve skafandrech. L\u00e1tka obsahuje mikroskopick\u00e9 kuli\u010dky, kter\u00e9 udr\u017euj\u00ed pevnou strukturu a\u017e do 37\u00b0 C. P\u0159i vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teplot\u011b kuli\u010dky zkapaln\u00ed. B\u011bhem tohoto procesu je pohlcov\u00e1no teplo, co\u017e ochlad\u00ed k\u016f\u017ei. Proces funguje i obr\u00e1cen\u011b\u2026<\/p>\n
\nPot\u00ed\u017ee sice mohou na chvilku pominout, \u010dasto ale jen proto, aby se za \u010das objevily znovu a s v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed intenzitou a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm chronicitou\u2026
\nPokud i u v\u00e1s nastal „\u010das ort\u00e9zy“, m\u011bli byste si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee velice z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, zda si ji po\u0159izujete pro l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fd, nebo sportovn\u00ed \u00fa\u010del. Ty se sice ob\u010das prol\u00ednaj\u00ed, p\u0159esto je mezi nimi z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl. L\u00e9\u010debnou pom\u016fcku m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159edepsat l\u00e9ka\u0159, hrad\u00ed ji poji\u0161\u0165ovna a pacient ji pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 a\u017e do \u00fapln\u00e9ho vyl\u00e9\u010den\u00ed. Sportovci si musej\u00ed hradit ort\u00e9zu sami.<\/p>\n
\nNej\u010dast\u011bji jsou \u00farazem posti\u017eeny kosti, svaly, \u0161lachy, vazy a kloubn\u00ed pouzdra. P\u0159i poran\u011bn\u00ed z p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed jsou posti\u017eeny svaly, \u0161lachy a jejich \u00fapony \u010di m\u00edsta p\u0159echodu mezi svalem a \u0161lachou.<\/p>\n