Pop\u00e1leniny a opa\u0159eniny jsou zran\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 v\u00fdrazn\u011b bol\u00ed. M\u00edru po\u0161kozen\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme zm\u00edrnit spr\u00e1vn\u011b podanou prvn\u00ed pomoc\u00ed.<\/p>\n
z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pravidla:
\n– zavolat pomoc (155)
\n– myslet na vlastn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost<\/p>\n
Pop\u00e1leniny zp\u016fsobuje kontakt se \u201asuch\u00fdm\u2018, intenzivn\u00edm teplem (nap\u0159\u00edklad otev\u0159en\u00fd plamen, hork\u00e1 plocha, elektrick\u00e1 energie).
\nOpa\u0159eniny zp\u016fsobuje kontakt s hork\u00fdmi tekutinami, nej\u010dast\u011bji vodou, ale i olejem, k\u00e1vou a podobn\u011b, \u010dasto se bohu\u017eel t\u00fdkaj\u00ed mal\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. Sta\u010d\u00ed bublaj\u00edc\u00ed pol\u00e9vka na plotn\u011b, \u0161\u00e1lek hork\u00e9ho \u010daje na stole a trocha nepozornosti ze strany rodi\u010d\u016f\u2026.<\/p>\n
Nutn\u00e9 kroky prvn\u00ed pomoci:<\/p>\n
A) Zamezit dal\u0161\u00edmu p\u016fsoben\u00ed tepla<\/strong> Pop\u00e1leniny stupn\u011b I a IIa (nejsou zasa\u017eeny v\u0161echny vrstvy k\u016f\u017ee) naz\u00fdv\u00e1me povrchov\u00e9, hoj\u00ed se v \u0159\u00e1du n\u011bkolika dn\u016f. B) Chlazen\u00ed<\/strong> poran\u011bn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Chladit, chladit, chladit. Pokud je chlazen\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bno spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit rozsah a hloubku pop\u00e1len\u00ed \u010di opa\u0159en\u00ed. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me studenou vodu<\/strong>, nikoli led \u010di sn\u00edh, t\u00edm by naopak do\u0161lo k je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmu po\u0161kozen\u00ed! Od\u011bv p\u0159i\u0161kva\u0159en\u00fd ke k\u016f\u017ei nikdy nestrh\u00e1vat<\/strong>, chla\u010fte p\u0159es n\u011bj. !!! Pokud je to mo\u017en\u00e9, sundejte zran\u011bn\u00e9mu v\u0161echny prsteny, p\u0159\u00edv\u011bsky, hodinky<\/strong> apod. Pop\u00e1len\u00e1 plocha rychle ot\u00e9k\u00e1 a tyto p\u0159edm\u011bty je n\u00e1sledn\u011b velmi komplikovan\u00e9 sundat, nav\u00edc v sob\u011b udr\u017euj\u00ed teplo a d\u00e1l destruktivn\u011b p\u016fsob\u00ed na poko\u017eku.<\/p>\n P\u0159edch\u00e1zejme \u00faraz\u016fm d\u011bt\u00ed!<\/strong><\/p>\n Nezbytn\u00e1 je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm prevence \u2013 sna\u017eme se \u00faraz\u016fm d\u011bt\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na pr\u00e1v\u011b opa\u0159enin\u00e1m a pop\u00e1lenin\u00e1m, p\u0159edch\u00e1zet! SHRNUT\u00cd<\/p>\n – Kdy chladit dan\u00e9 m\u00edsto studenou vodou a kdy to naopak nen\u00ed vhodn\u00e9?<\/p>\n Chladit v\u017edy studenou vodou<\/strong>. Pouze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch pop\u00e1lenin je t\u0159eba p\u0159edch\u00e1zet podchlazen\u00ed, chlad\u00edme proto maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 5 % povrchu t\u011bla (obli\u010dej, krk, ruce, genit\u00e1lie).<\/p>\n – Odstra\u0148ovat textilie z po\u0161kozen\u00e9 k\u016f\u017ee?<\/p>\n Ano, pokud nejsou p\u0159i\u0161kva\u0159en\u00e9; v takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159i\u0161kva\u0159en\u00ed chlad\u00edme r\u00e1nu p\u0159es textil.<\/strong><\/p>\n – Zakr\u00fdt r\u00e1nu steriln\u00edm obvazem, nebo nechat voln\u011b d\u00fdchat?<\/p>\n P\u0159i drobn\u00fdch pop\u00e1lenin\u00e1ch po ochlazen\u00ed pou\u017eijte betadinov\u00fd roztok<\/strong> k dezinfekci okol\u00ed r\u00e1ny (v\u00fdhoda: v r\u00e1n\u011b nep\u00e1l\u00ed), aplikujte vhodnou mast \u010di kr\u00e9m (s obsahem panthenolu \u010di aloe vera, je\u017e pom\u00e1haj\u00ed poko\u017eku hojit) a zakryjte steriln\u00edm obvazem. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch pop\u00e1lenin je vhodn\u00e9 po ochlazen\u00ed zabalit pacienta do \u010dist\u00e9ho, such\u00e9ho prost\u011bradla<\/strong>.<\/p>\n – Jak nalo\u017eit s puch\u00fd\u0159i?<\/p>\n Puch\u00fd\u0159e nikdy nepropichujeme<\/strong>, br\u00e1n\u00ed vstupu infekce do r\u00e1ny. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch puch\u00fd\u0159\u016f je t\u0159eba vyhledat odbornou p\u00e9\u010di a nechat je steriln\u011b roz\u0159\u00edznout.<\/p>\n – Co na r\u00e1nu v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nepat\u0159\u00ed?<\/p>\n V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pop\u00e1lenin na posti\u017een\u00e9 m\u00edsto neaplikujte NIC krom\u011b studen\u00e9 vody. Pokud je pop\u00e1len\u00e1 plocha v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e n\u011bkolik cm2 a\/nebo se jedn\u00e1 o z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stupe\u0148 pop\u00e1len\u00ed (velk\u00e9 puch\u00fd\u0159e, v centru pop\u00e1leniny b\u00edl\u00e1, necitliv\u00e1 oblast), p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b je pop\u00e1lenina na citliv\u00fdch m\u00edstech (hlava, krk, genit\u00e1lie), v\u017edy vyhledejte odbornou p\u00e9\u010di!<\/p>\n Pokud \u010dlov\u011bk dokonce ho\u0159\u00ed, pokuste se ho povalit na zem a uhasit dostupn\u00fdmi prost\u0159edky (nap\u0159. celtou, oble\u010den\u00edm\u2026). Nepou\u017e\u00edvejte v\u0161ak syntetick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, velmi snadno ho\u0159\u00ed a mohou se k poko\u017ece p\u0159i\u0161kva\u0159it! V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b opa\u0159en\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 od\u011bv nas\u00e1kl\u00fd horkou tekutinou svl\u00e9ct, aby na poko\u017eku nep\u016fsobilo dal\u0161\u00ed teplo.<\/p>\n Pop\u00e1leninov\u00fd \u0161ok: Je zp\u016fsoben syst\u00e9movou reakc\u00ed organismu na pop\u00e1len\u00ed i lok\u00e1ln\u00edm po\u0161kozen\u00edm c\u00e9v v m\u00edst\u011b pop\u00e1len\u00ed, co\u017e m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek \u00fanik tekutin mimo c\u00e9vn\u00ed \u0159e\u010di\u0161t\u011b, pokles krevn\u00edho tlaku, zrychlen\u00ed srde\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnosti a dal\u0161\u00ed. Bez adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby doch\u00e1z\u00ed k postupn\u00e9mu selh\u00e1n\u00ed org\u00e1n\u016f. Je proto t\u0159eba rychle p\u0159ivolat profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1chran\u00e1\u0159e!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Pop\u00e1leniny a opa\u0159eniny jsou zran\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 v\u00fdrazn\u011b bol\u00ed. M\u00edru po\u0161kozen\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme zm\u00edrnit spr\u00e1vn\u011b podanou prvn\u00ed pomoc\u00ed. z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pravidla: – zavolat pomoc (155) – myslet na […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23993,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15952","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15952","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15952"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15952\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/23993"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15952"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15952"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15952"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nMezi hlubok\u00e9 pop\u00e1leniny (postihuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u0161echny vrstvy k\u016f\u017ee) pat\u0159\u00ed stupe\u0148 IIb (hoj\u00ed se velmi dlouho), III (vy\u017eaduje transplantaci k\u016f\u017ee) a IV (po\u0161kozen\u00ed sval\u016f \u010di \u0161lach).
\n!!! P\u0159i skute\u010dn\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9m poran\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zran\u011bn\u00fd v bezv\u011bdom\u00ed a ned\u00fdchat, je proto t\u0159eba neprodlen\u011b zah\u00e1jit kardiopulmon\u00e1ln\u00ed resuscitaci.<\/p>\n
\nU lok\u00e1ln\u00edch pop\u00e1lenin\/opa\u0159enin (do n\u011bkolika cm2) chlad\u00edme poran\u011bnou \u010d\u00e1st i opakovan\u011b, dokud to p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u00falevu. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch pop\u00e1lenin\/opa\u0159enin hroz\u00ed riziko podchlazen\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na u d\u011bt\u00ed, chlad\u00edme proto max. 5 % povrchu t\u011bla (plocha dlan\u011b s prsty u sebe p\u0159edstavuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 %), a to pouze jeho nejcitliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti \u2013 obli\u010dej, krk, ruce a genit\u00e1lie. Jde-li o pop\u00e1len\u00ed\/opa\u0159en\u00ed hrudn\u00edku b\u0159icha \u010di zad, prov\u00e1d\u00edme jen jednor\u00e1zov\u00e9 ochlazen\u00ed (n\u011bkolik vte\u0159in), nejl\u00e9pe pod sprchou, a pot\u00e9 posti\u017een\u00e9ho zabal\u00edme do \u010dist\u00e9ho such\u00e9ho prost\u011bradla.<\/p>\n
\nNech\u00e1vat n\u00e1doby s hork\u00fdmi tekutinami (hrnek k\u00e1vy, rychlovarn\u00e1 konvice) v dosahu mal\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed je nesmysln\u00fd hazard, \u010dasto bohu\u017eel se \u0161patn\u00fdm koncem\u2026 D\u011btsk\u00e1 k\u016f\u017ee je mnohem citliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u dosp\u011bl\u00fdch, nemaj\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b pln\u011b vyvinut\u00fd imunitn\u00ed a termoregula\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, proto jsou n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k infekc\u00edm a tak\u00e9 h\u016f\u0159e sn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed podchlazen\u00ed.
\nKlasifikace t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch pop\u00e1lenin u d\u011bt\u00ed: v\u011bk 0\u20132 roky 5 % povrchu t\u011bla; 2\u201310 let 10 %; 10\u201315 let 15 % povrchu t\u011bla. Pro p\u0159edstavu: plocha dlan\u011b ruky v\u010detn\u011b prst\u016f p\u0159edstavuje cca 1 % t\u011blesn\u00e9ho povrchu.<\/p>\n