{"id":16798,"date":"2014-07-08T10:35:59","date_gmt":"2014-07-08T08:35:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=16798"},"modified":"2014-07-08T10:37:07","modified_gmt":"2014-07-08T08:37:07","slug":"bionicke-oko-svetlo-nadeje-ve-svete-nevidomych","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=16798","title":{"rendered":"Bionick\u00e9 oko, sv\u011btlo nad\u011bje ve sv\u011bt\u011b nevidom\u00fdch"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Bionick\u00e9 oko ji\u017e nen\u00ed h\u0159\u00ed\u010dkou sv\u011bta science fiction. Tento elektronick\u00fd implant\u00e1t um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fd na s\u00edtnici ji\u017e umo\u017enil n\u011bkolika des\u00edtk\u00e1m nevidom\u00fdch vid\u011bt alespo\u0148 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b, p\u00ed\u0161e agentura AFP.<\/strong> <!--more--><\/p>\n<p>D\u00edky bionick\u00e9mu oku mohou lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed oslepli, znovu rozezn\u00e1vat tvary, sv\u011bteln\u00e9 kontrasty, p\u0159edm\u011bty st\u0159edn\u00ed velikosti a dokonce dok\u00e1\u017eou p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst p\u00edsmena a slova velk\u00fdch rozm\u011br\u016f, vysv\u011btluje profesor Jos\u00e9-Alain Sahel.<br \/>\n&#8222;Nen\u00ed to p\u0159irozen\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed, ale u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed vjem,&#8220; up\u0159es\u0148uje tento renomovan\u00fd expert, kter\u00fd v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei vede Institut zraku, v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 centrum spadaj\u00edc\u00ed pod o\u010dn\u00ed kliniku Quinze-Vingts.<br \/>\nSyst\u00e9my &#8222;um\u011bl\u00e9 s\u00edtnice&#8220;, kter\u00e9 vyvinuly t\u0159i spole\u010dnosti, ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech, v N\u011bmecku a ve Francii, dnes slou\u017e\u00ed stovce lid\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b.<br \/>\n&#8222;M\u016fj \u017eivot se zm\u011bnil,&#8220; prohla\u0161uje francouzsk\u00fd pacient, jemu\u017e profesor Sahel voperoval implant\u00e1t Argus II kalifornsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti Second Sight. Mu\u017e m\u016f\u017ee nyn\u00ed rozli\u0161it i pootev\u0159en\u00e9 dve\u0159e.<br \/>\nP\u0159\u00edstroj tvo\u0159\u00ed p\u00e1r jak\u00fdchsi slune\u010dn\u00edch br\u00fdl\u00ed vybaven\u00fdch miniaturn\u00ed kamerou, elektronick\u00fdm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edm vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fadaje zachycen\u00e9 kamerou a syst\u00e9mem, kter\u00fd je p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 a\u017e k o\u010dn\u00edmu implant\u00e1tu.<br \/>\nImplant\u00e1t elektrick\u00fdmi impulzy stimuluje po\u0161kozenou s\u00edtnici osob posti\u017een\u00fdch d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm retinitis pigmentosa, j\u00edm\u017e jen ve Francii trp\u00ed 20.000 a\u017e 40.000 lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Argus II, kter\u00fd v Evrop\u011b stoj\u00ed 115.000 eur (3,1 milionu K\u010d), slou\u017e\u00ed v Evrop\u011b a ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech 86 osob\u00e1m, vysv\u011btluje viceprezident Second Sight pro Evropu Gr\u00e9goire Cosenda\u00ef. Ve Francii jej hrad\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovna.<br \/>\n&#8222;Tento syst\u00e9m n\u00e1m otev\u0159el cestu,&#8220; \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 profesor Sahel, kter\u00fd se pod\u00edlel na v\u00fdvoji francouzsk\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed Iris vyvinut\u00e9ho Institutem zraku a spole\u010dnost\u00ed Pixium Vision. Toto elektronick\u00e9 oko made in France dostalo prvn\u00edch p\u011bt pacient\u016f a v\u00fdsledky jsou velmi povzbudiv\u00e9, zd\u016fraz\u0148uje.<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrobce bionick\u00e9ho oka, n\u011bmeck\u00e1 spole\u010dnost Retina Implant, uvedla na evropsk\u00fd trh vlastn\u00ed syst\u00e9m implant\u00e1t\u016f, kter\u00fd funguje bez vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kamery. Elektronick\u00fd implant\u00e1t je um\u00edst\u011bn na s\u00edtnici a s\u00e1m zachycuje obraz a stimuluje oko. \u010cty\u0159ic\u00edtka nevidom\u00fdch s t\u00edmto za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm, kter\u00e9 stoj\u00ed 100.000 eur (2,7 milionu K\u010d), vid\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 odst\u00edny \u0161ed\u00e9, uv\u00e1d\u00ed gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editel spole\u010dnosti Walter Wrobel. Vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed vjem je stabiln\u00ed a odpov\u00edd\u00e1 re\u00e1ln\u00e9mu vid\u011bn\u00ed, uji\u0161\u0165uje.<\/p>\n<p>V Evrop\u011b a ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech je 350.000 a\u017e 400.000 pacient\u016f posti\u017een\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00edm retinitis pigmentosa. Tato technologie by mohla rovn\u011b\u017e pomoci osob\u00e1m posti\u017een\u00fdm v\u011bkem podm\u00edn\u011bnou makul\u00e1rn\u00ed degenerac\u00ed, jich\u017e je jen ve Francii v\u00edce ne\u017e milion.<\/p>\n<p>L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fd v\u00fdzkum v\u0161ak dnes postupuje dv\u011bma odli\u0161n\u00fdmi cestami. Jde o genovou terapii, kter\u00e1 spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee se modifikuj\u00ed geny, kter\u00e9 nemoc vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed, a o terapii kmenov\u00fdmi bu\u0148kami, kter\u00e9 jsou vpraveny do s\u00edtnice, aby nahradily bu\u0148ky po\u0161kozen\u00e9. Tyto dva sm\u011bry by mohly dopl\u0148ovat elektronick\u00e9 implant\u00e1ty.<br \/>\nArgentinsk\u00e1 expertka Valeria Cantov\u00e1-Solerov\u00e1 se na Univerzit\u011b Johnse Hopkinse v Baltimoru ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech specializovala na v\u00fdzkum kmenov\u00fdch bun\u011bk aplikovan\u00fdch p\u0159i onemocn\u011bn\u00edch s\u00edtnice.<br \/>\n&#8222;V\u00fdzkum postupuje m\u00edlov\u00fdmi kroky. To, co jsme p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika lety pova\u017eovali za nemo\u017en\u00e9, je dnes realitou,&#8220; \u0159\u00edk\u00e1. &#8222;L\u00e9\u010dba degenerativn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed s\u00edtnice sice je\u0161t\u011b nen\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou z\u00edt\u0159ka, ale jsme na dobr\u00e9 cest\u011b, je to jen ot\u00e1zka \u010dasu,&#8220; dod\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Bionick\u00e9 oko ji\u017e nen\u00ed h\u0159\u00ed\u010dkou sv\u011bta science fiction. Tento elektronick\u00fd implant\u00e1t um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fd na s\u00edtnici ji\u017e umo\u017enil n\u011bkolika des\u00edtk\u00e1m nevidom\u00fdch vid\u011bt alespo\u0148 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b, p\u00ed\u0161e agentura AFP.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5904,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16798","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16798","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16798"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16798\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5904"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16798"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16798"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16798"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}