{"id":17135,"date":"2014-08-10T15:48:49","date_gmt":"2014-08-10T13:48:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=17135"},"modified":"2014-08-10T15:48:49","modified_gmt":"2014-08-10T13:48:49","slug":"vyzkum-tisice-ceskych-deti-piji-alkohol-a-kouri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=17135","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdzkum: Tis\u00edce \u010desk\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed pij\u00ed alkohol a kou\u0159\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Odhadem n\u011bkolik tis\u00edc \u010desk\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed ve v\u011bku od 11 do 15 let pravideln\u011b kou\u0159\u00ed cigarety a pije alkohol. Hodn\u011b d\u011bt\u00ed m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 zku\u0161enost s marihuanou.<\/strong> <!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 to z v\u00fdzkumu katedry psychologie Filozofick\u00e9 fakulty Univerzity Palack\u00e9ho, kter\u00e1 zpracovala \u00fadaje od 4200 d\u011bt\u00ed z 54 \u0161kol.<\/p>\n<p>Martin Dolej\u0161, kter\u00fd se na studii pod\u00edlel, \u0159ekl, \u017ee v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u011bt cigaret denn\u011b vykou\u0159\u00ed zhruba t\u0159i procenta d\u011bt\u00ed ve v\u011bku od 11 do 15 let a \u010dty\u0159i procenta stejn\u011b star\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed se v posledn\u00edm m\u011bs\u00edci opila. V p\u0159epo\u010dtu na populaci to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc se opije zhruba 14.000 d\u011bt\u00ed. \u010ctvrtinu krabi\u010dky cigaret denn\u011b vykou\u0159\u00ed 10.600 d\u011bt\u00ed. Experimentov\u00e1n\u00ed s marihuanou potvrdilo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 11 procent dot\u00e1zan\u00fdch.<\/p>\n<p>&#8222;Pova\u017euji to za obrovsk\u00fd probl\u00e9m. Potvrzuje se, \u017ee prim\u00e1rn\u00ed prevenci je t\u0159eba d\u011blat u\u017e v mate\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161kole rozvojem osobnosti, asertivity, altruismu a dal\u0161\u00edch vlastnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 d\u011btem pozd\u011bji pomohou odol\u00e1vat soci\u00e1ln\u00edmu tlaku skupiny. Na st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kole je u\u017e na prevenci pozd\u011b,&#8220; upozornil Dolej\u0161.<\/p>\n<p>Na vzestupu je mezi d\u011btmi tak\u00e9 \u0161ikana. Ob\u011bt\u00ed zesm\u011b\u0161\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di ubli\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u00ed se stalo sedm procent d\u011btsk\u00fdch respondent\u016f, fyzickou agresivitu za\u017eilo 12 procent z nich. Ciz\u00ed majetek jen tak pro z\u00e1bavu po\u0161kodilo 15 procent dot\u00e1zan\u00fdch a probl\u00e9my s polici\u00ed m\u011blo sedm procent respondent\u016f. \u010ctvrtina adolescent\u016f si z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b ubl\u00ed\u017eila.<\/p>\n<p>Zat\u00edmco \u0161es\u0165\u00e1ci maj\u00ed s alkoholem, tab\u00e1kem, marihuanou a dal\u0161\u00edm rizikov\u00fdm chov\u00e1n\u00edm mal\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti, se vzr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00edm v\u011bkem se situace podle Dolej\u0161e m\u011bn\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad po\u010det ob\u011bt\u00ed \u0161ikany vrchol\u00ed v osm\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly. S postupuj\u00edc\u00edm v\u011bkem se u \u017e\u00e1k\u016f tak\u00e9 \u010dasto sni\u017euje jejich sebehodnocen\u00ed a z\u00e1rove\u0148 nar\u016fst\u00e1 agresivita.<\/p>\n<p>&#8222;Tyto oblasti se navz\u00e1jem ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed. Kvalita sebehodnocen\u00ed adolescenta ovliv\u0148uje jeho chov\u00e1n\u00ed a rozhoduje nap\u0159\u00edklad o tom, zda m\u00e1 tendence experimentovat s n\u00e1vykov\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami nebo vyhled\u00e1vat dal\u0161\u00ed rizikov\u00e9 aktivity v\u010detn\u011b \u0161ikany \u010di vandalismu. Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 poznatky lze vyu\u017e\u00edt nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed prim\u00e1rn\u00ed prevence a jej\u00ed realizaci,&#8220; podotkl Dolej\u0161.<\/p>\n<p>Nejrizikov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed populac\u00ed jsou podle studie \u017e\u00e1ci a \u017e\u00e1kyn\u011b Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9hradeck\u00e9ho, \u00dasteck\u00e9ho a Jihomoravsk\u00e9ho kraje. Na opa\u010dn\u00e9m p\u00f3lu jsou d\u011bti v Plze\u0148sk\u00e9m, Karlovarsk\u00e9m a Olomouck\u00e9m kraji. V obou z\u00e1pado\u010desk\u00fdch kraj\u00edch a na Vyso\u010din\u011b jsou nav\u00edc d\u011bti rozv\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, \u010dast\u011bji um\u011blecky nadan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, laskav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a s dostatkem sebeovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a sebekontroly.<\/p>\n<p>Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed m\u00edru nerozv\u00e1\u017en\u00e9ho a nekontrolovan\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bdci vysledovali u respondent\u016f ve St\u0159edo\u010desk\u00e9m, Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9hradeck\u00e9m a Jiho\u010desk\u00e9m kraji. \u017d\u00e1ci v Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9hradeck\u00e9m, Libereck\u00e9m a Moravskoslezsk\u00e9m kraji jsou citliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, b\u00e1zliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a \u00fazkostn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Olomouck\u00fd kraj pat\u0159\u00ed k region\u016fm, kde d\u011bti vykazuj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed m\u00edru fyzick\u00e9 i verb\u00e1ln\u00ed agresivity. Na st\u0159edn\u00ed Morav\u011b jsou d\u011bti tak\u00e9 nejm\u00e9n\u011b hn\u011bviv\u00e9 a maj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed pot\u0159ebu kontrolovat sv\u00e9 okol\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto: gun \/ sxc.hu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Odhadem n\u011bkolik tis\u00edc \u010desk\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed ve v\u011bku od 11 do 15 let pravideln\u011b kou\u0159\u00ed cigarety a pije alkohol. Hodn\u011b d\u011bt\u00ed m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 zku\u0161enost s marihuanou.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14623,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17135","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-spolecnost"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17135","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17135"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17135\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14623"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17135"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17135"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17135"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}