{"id":17156,"date":"2014-08-12T18:19:22","date_gmt":"2014-08-12T16:19:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=17156"},"modified":"2014-08-12T18:19:22","modified_gmt":"2014-08-12T16:19:22","slug":"kuraci-jsou-ve-vyssim-riziku-sebevrazdy-nez-nekuraci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=17156","title":{"rendered":"Ku\u0159\u00e1ci jsou ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm riziku sebevra\u017edy ne\u017e neku\u0159\u00e1ci"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>A\u017e t\u0159ikr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko sebevra\u017edy maj\u00ed podle l\u00e9ka\u0159ky pra\u017esk\u00e9ho centra pro l\u00e9\u010dbu z\u00e1vislosti na tab\u00e1ku Lenky \u0160t\u011bp\u00e1nkov\u00e9 ku\u0159\u00e1ci, kte\u0159\u00ed vykou\u0159\u00ed denn\u011b p\u0159es 20 cigaret. Kou\u0159en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee toti\u017e u nich zhor\u0161it p\u0159\u00edznaky du\u0161evn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/strong><br \/>\n<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Kou\u0159en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee u nich zhor\u0161it p\u0159\u00edznaky du\u0161evn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad \u00fazkosti a panick\u00e9 poruchy. Ku\u0159\u00e1ci tak\u00e9 \u010dast\u011bji ne\u017e neku\u0159\u00e1ci p\u0159ech\u00e1zej\u00ed od kou\u0159en\u00ed k dal\u0161\u00edm neleg\u00e1ln\u00edm drog\u00e1m, \u0159ekla l\u00e9ka\u0159ka. V \u010cesku kou\u0159\u00ed 30 procent dosp\u011bl\u00fdch, mezi dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edmi polovina. Nar\u016fst\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na ku\u0159\u00e1ctv\u00ed d\u00edvek.<\/p>\n<p>&#8222;Kou\u0159en\u00ed dlouhodob\u011b zhor\u0161uje psychick\u00fd stav, i kdy\u017e z\u00e1visl\u00e9mu aktu\u00e1ln\u011b pom\u016f\u017ee,&#8220; uvedla s t\u00edm, \u017ee \u0161patn\u00e1 n\u00e1lada a deprese sice mohou b\u00fdt jedn\u00edm z p\u0159echodn\u00fdch abstinen\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, celkov\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh psychick\u00e9ho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ale bude p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Ku\u0159\u00e1ci by podle l\u00e9ka\u0159ky tak\u00e9 m\u011bli v\u011bd\u011bt, \u017ee kou\u0159en\u00ed ovlivn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek n\u011bkter\u00fdch psychiatrick\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u016f, v\u011bt\u0161inou ho sni\u017euj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Pro psychiatrick\u00e9ho pacienta, kter\u00fd kou\u0159\u00ed, je podle l\u00e9ka\u0159ky d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby se n\u00e1vyku zbavil s pomoc\u00ed \u0161kolen\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e a l\u00e9\u010dil se dlouhodob\u011b. Aby tedy bral i n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f l\u00e9ky, kter\u00e9 jeho abstinen\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky zm\u00edrn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V \u010cesku je v nemocnic\u00edch zak\u00e1z\u00e1no kou\u0159it. Kou\u0159\u00ed se ale ve venkovn\u00edch are\u00e1lech a b\u011b\u017en\u011b i na psychiatri\u00edch, kde se l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed tak\u00e9 lid\u00e9 z\u00e1visl\u00ed na alkoholu \u010di neleg\u00e1ln\u00edch drog\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p>Podle \u0160t\u011bp\u00e1nkov\u00e9 by se m\u011blo zak\u00e1zat kou\u0159en\u00ed v\u0161ude ve zdravotnictv\u00ed. Je podle n\u00ed m\u00fdtus, \u017ee kou\u0159en\u00ed v psychiatrick\u00fdch nemocnic\u00edch nelze zak\u00e1zat, \u017ee psychiatri\u010dt\u00ed pacienti si nep\u0159ej\u00ed p\u0159estat kou\u0159it. &#8222;V USA, Kanad\u011b \u010di Austr\u00e1lii kou\u0159en\u00ed v m\u00edstech, kde se l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed lid\u00e9 z\u00e1visl\u00ed, zak\u00e1zali a pro\u0161lo to tam bez komplikac\u00ed. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b pacienti po z\u00e1kazu kou\u0159en\u00ed dost\u00e1vali n\u00e1hradn\u00ed nikotinovou l\u00e9\u010dbu,&#8220; \u0159ekla.<\/p>\n<p>Na kou\u0159en\u00ed je podle n\u00ed psychicky z\u00e1visl\u00fd v r\u016fzn\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e ka\u017ed\u00fd ku\u0159\u00e1k. Nau\u010dil se zapalovat v ur\u010dit\u00fdch situac\u00edch, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i odpo\u010dinku nebo po j\u00eddle, p\u0159i ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, t\u0159eba p\u0159i pit\u00ed k\u00e1vy, nebo v ur\u010dit\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, zejm\u00e9na s ku\u0159\u00e1ky a v restaurac\u00edch.<br \/>\nI proto by se m\u011bl ku\u0159\u00e1k p\u0159edem p\u0159ipravit na to, jak situace, kdy ho dosud prov\u00e1zela cigareta, zvl\u00e1dne i bez n\u00ed &#8211; m\u011bl by se nau\u010dit relaxovat, po j\u00eddle si vy\u010distit zuby nebo vyp\u00edt sklenici vody. Pokud to jde, m\u011bl by se poku\u0161en\u00ed v\u016fbec vyhnout, tedy nechodit do ku\u0159\u00e1ck\u00fdch restaurac\u00ed a m\u00edsto k\u00e1vy p\u00edt \u010daj.<\/p>\n<p>ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto: Dmitri MIkitenko \/ Photoxpress<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>A\u017e t\u0159ikr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko sebevra\u017edy maj\u00ed podle l\u00e9ka\u0159ky pra\u017esk\u00e9ho centra pro l\u00e9\u010dbu z\u00e1vislosti na tab\u00e1ku Lenky \u0160t\u011bp\u00e1nkov\u00e9 ku\u0159\u00e1ci, kte\u0159\u00ed vykou\u0159\u00ed denn\u011b p\u0159es 20 cigaret. Kou\u0159en\u00ed <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=17156\" title=\"Ku\u0159\u00e1ci jsou ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm riziku sebevra\u017edy ne\u017e neku\u0159\u00e1ci\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16359,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17156","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17156","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17156"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17156\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/16359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17156"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17156"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17156"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}