{"id":17180,"date":"2014-08-14T11:46:22","date_gmt":"2014-08-14T09:46:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=17180"},"modified":"2014-08-14T11:46:22","modified_gmt":"2014-08-14T09:46:22","slug":"deset-nejcastejsich-mytu-o-duchodech-tak-jak-je-vysvetluje-cssz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=17180","title":{"rendered":"Deset nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch m\u00fdt\u016f o d\u016fchodech tak jak je vysv\u011btluje \u010cSSZ"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u016fchody. T\u00e9ma, o kter\u00e9 se lid\u00e9 zaj\u00edmaj\u00ed. P\u0159esto je spojeno s mnoha m\u00fdty a nejasnostmi. \u010cesk\u00e1 spr\u00e1va soci\u00e1ln\u00edho zabezpe\u010den\u00ed (\u010cSSZ) proto objasn\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z nich, tentokr\u00e1t takov\u00e9, kter\u00e9 se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dtu a v\u00fd\u0161e d\u016fchodu.<\/strong>
\n
\n1. Starobn\u00ed d\u016fchod se vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 z v\u00fdd\u011blk\u016f za posledn\u00edch deset let zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00edm d\u016fchodu.
\nTo je omyl, kter\u00fd p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 z minulosti. Do roku 1995 se skute\u010dn\u011b d\u016fchody po\u010d\u00edtaly z p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f za posledn\u00edch 10 let p\u0159ed n\u00e1rokem na d\u016fchod. Od roku 1996 se pro v\u00fdpo\u010det d\u016fchodu zohled\u0148uj\u00ed v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edjmy od roku 1986 a\u017e do roku, kter\u00fd p\u0159edch\u00e1z\u00ed roku p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fchodu. Lidem, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u016fjdou do d\u016fchodu letos, se d\u016fchod po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 z \u00fahrnu v\u0161ech v\u00fdd\u011blk\u016f za roky 1986 \u2013 2013.<\/p>\n

2. V\u00fdpo\u010det d\u016fchodu se prov\u00e1d\u00ed z \u010dist\u00e9 mzdy.
\nNaopak. Pro v\u00fdpo\u010det d\u016fchodu se u zam\u011bstnanc\u016f vych\u00e1z\u00ed z hrub\u00fdch ro\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f, u osob samostatn\u011b v\u00fdd\u011ble\u010dn\u011b \u010dinn\u00fdch (OSV\u010c) z ro\u010dn\u00edho vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edho z\u00e1kladu, tj. \u010d\u00e1stky, ze kter\u00e9 bylo odvedeno pojistn\u00e9 na d\u016fchodov\u00e9 poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Hrub\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy i ro\u010dn\u00ed vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00ed z\u00e1klady v rozhodn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed, tj. od roku 1986 do kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00edho roku p\u0159ed p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00edm d\u016fchodu, jsou pro \u00fa\u010dely v\u00fdpo\u010dtu d\u016fchodu je\u0161t\u011b n\u00e1sobeny koeficienty mzdov\u00e9ho n\u00e1r\u016fstu.<\/p>\n

3. Minim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e d\u016fchodu je stejn\u00e1 jako minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzda.
\nNikoliv. Minim\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fchod a minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzda jsou odli\u0161n\u00e9 pojmy i odli\u0161n\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky. Minim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bry d\u016fchodu \u010din\u00ed podle z\u00e1kona o d\u016fchodov\u00e9m poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed 770 K\u010d. K procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011b\u0159e d\u016fchodu n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bra, kter\u00e1 je stejn\u00e1 pro v\u0161echny d\u016fchody a \u010din\u00ed v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b 2 340 K\u010d. Minim\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e d\u016fchodu p\u0159iznan\u00e9ho v leto\u0161n\u00edm roce tedy \u010din\u00ed celkem 3 110 K\u010d.<\/p>\n

4. Lid\u00e9 v p\u0159edd\u016fchodov\u00e9m v\u011bku nemaj\u00ed mo\u017enost se v p\u0159edstihu dozv\u011bd\u011bt, kolik bude jejich d\u016fchod p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b \u010dinit.
\nKontrolou v\u00fdpisu dob d\u016fchodov\u00e9ho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed si lid\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159\u00ed \u00fadaje v evidenci \u010cSSZ, kter\u00e9 jsou podkladem pro budouc\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed o jejich d\u016fchodu. K tomu slou\u017e\u00ed tzv. Informativn\u00ed osobn\u00ed list d\u016fchodov\u00e9ho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed (IOLDP), kter\u00fd \u010cSSZ zas\u00edl\u00e1 zdarma na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u017e\u00e1dosti. P\u0159esn\u00fd v\u00fdpo\u010det d\u016fchodu provedou pracovn\u00edci \u010cSSZ a\u017e na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b podan\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dosti. Pro orienta\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010det starobn\u00edho d\u016fchodu v\u0161ak lid\u00e9 mohou vyu\u017e\u00edt tzv. d\u016fchodovou kalkula\u010dku, kter\u00e1 umo\u017en\u00ed prov\u00e9st p\u0159ibli\u017en\u00fd v\u00fdpo\u010det d\u016fchodu, na kter\u00fd vznikne n\u00e1rok a\u017e do roku 2020. Tato pom\u016fcka v\u010d. p\u0159ehledn\u00e9ho n\u00e1vodu na jej\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed je dostupn\u00e1 na webu Ministerstva pr\u00e1ce a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed: www.mpsv.cz\/cs\/2435.<\/p>\n

5. Pokud dolo\u017e\u00edm sv\u011bdeck\u00fdm prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edm dobu, kdy jsem pracoval \u201ena \u010derno\u201c, do d\u016fchodu se mi tato \u010dinnost zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1.
\nNe. Pro v\u00fdpo\u010det d\u016fchodu nelze v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zohlednit pr\u00e1ci tzv. \u201ena \u010derno\u201c, proto\u017ee za ni nebylo odvedeno pojistn\u00e9 na d\u016fchodov\u00e9 poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a veden eviden\u010dn\u00ed list d\u016fchodov\u00e9ho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Sv\u011bdeck\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ve zcela mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech, nap\u0159. kdy\u017e doklady o zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed byly ulo\u017eeny v archivu, kter\u00fd byl zni\u010den povodn\u011bmi nebo po\u017e\u00e1rem, a nen\u00ed jin\u00e1 mo\u017enost, jak dobu zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed prok\u00e1zat. Sv\u011bdky v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b mus\u00ed b\u00fdt osoby, kter\u00e9 s doty\u010dnou osobou v uveden\u00e9m zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed ve stejn\u00e9 dob\u011b pracovaly.<\/p>\n

6. Brig\u00e1dy, kter\u00e9 jsem vykon\u00e1val p\u0159ed lety p\u0159i studiu, se do d\u016fchodu nepo\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed.
\nTo je myln\u00e1 domn\u011bnka. I kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e1 brig\u00e1da, pokud zakl\u00e1dala \u00fa\u010dast na poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a je dolo\u017eena, se po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 do doby poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt na v\u00fd\u0161i d\u016fchodu vliv. Celkov\u00e1 doba zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed (poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed) se pro v\u00fdpo\u010det d\u016fchodu zaokrouhluje na cel\u00e9 roky dol\u016f. Pokud sou\u010det va\u0161ich dob \u010din\u00ed nap\u0159. 42 let a 334 dn\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1zdninov\u00e1 brig\u00e1da (31 dn\u00ed) pomoci k z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho roku poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a t\u00edm i vy\u0161\u0161\u00edho d\u016fchodu.<\/p>\n

7. Vylou\u010den\u00e1 doba je obdob\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se pro v\u00fd\u0161i d\u016fchodu nezapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1.
\nOmyl. Vylou\u010den\u00fdmi dobami jsou doby, po kter\u00e9 trvala tzv. soci\u00e1ln\u00ed ud\u00e1lost bez v\u00fdd\u011blku, nap\u0159. doba do\u010dasn\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed neschopnosti, doba pob\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed invalidn\u00edho d\u016fchodu pro invaliditu t\u0159et\u00edho stupn\u011b, doba p\u00e9\u010de o d\u00edt\u011b do \u010dty\u0159 let v\u011bku nebo p\u00e9\u010de o z\u00e1vislou osobu aj. V\u00fdznam vylou\u010den\u00fdch dob spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee p\u0159i stanoven\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e d\u016fchodu se po\u010det dn\u016f vylou\u010den\u00fdch dob ode\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 od celkov\u00e9ho po\u010dtu dn\u016f, na kter\u00fd se rozpo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 pr\u016fm\u011br v\u00fdd\u011blk\u016f. T\u00edm se doc\u00edl\u00ed toho, \u017ee p\u0159i v\u00fdpo\u010dtu p\u0159\u00edjem nebude tzv. \u201erozm\u011bl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u201c. Vylou\u010den\u00e9 doby tedy maj\u00ed na v\u00fd\u0161i d\u016fchodu pozitivn\u00ed dopad.<\/p>\n

8. Kdy\u017e \u010cSSZ nem\u00e1 u \u017eadatele o d\u016fchod n\u011bjakou dobu zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed evidovanou, tak mu ji nezapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 do d\u016fchodu.
\nPokud p\u0159i p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fchodu nebyla zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1na n\u011bjak\u00e1 doba poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, proto\u017ee \u010cSSZ ji nem\u011bla v evidenci a \u017eadatel ji neprok\u00e1zal, m\u016f\u017ee ji dolo\u017eit kdykoliv dodate\u010dn\u011b, a to i kdy\u017e u\u017e d\u016fchod pob\u00edr\u00e1 n\u011bkolik let (z\u00edsk\u00e1 nap\u0159. potvrzen\u00ed z archivu). Z\u00e1po\u010det lze prov\u00e9st se zp\u011btnou platnost\u00ed a vznikl\u00fd rozd\u00edl ve v\u00fd\u0161i d\u016fchodu doplatit a\u017e 5 let zp\u011btn\u011b od data, kdy byla chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed skute\u010dnost \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b dolo\u017eena.<\/p>\n

9. Pro d\u016fchod se automaticky zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 cel\u00e1 doba studia \u010di evidence uchaze\u010de o zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed na \u00fa\u0159adu pr\u00e1ce.
\nNen\u00ed tomu tak. Doba studia po 18. roce v\u011bku (v obdob\u00ed do 31. 12. 2009) m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zapo\u010dtena nejv\u00fd\u0161e v rozsahu prvn\u00edch 6 let. Doba studia z\u00edskan\u00e1 v obdob\u00ed od 1. 1. 2010 se ji\u017e do d\u016fchodu nezapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1. Doba veden\u00ed v evidenci \u00fa\u0159adu pr\u00e1ce, po kterou uchaze\u010d o zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed nepob\u00edral podporu v nezam\u011bstnanosti nebo podporu p\u0159i rekvalifikaci, se zapo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 nejv\u00fd\u0161e v rozsahu t\u0159\u00ed let. Tato doba t\u0159\u00ed let se zji\u0161\u0165uje zp\u011btn\u011b ode dne vzniku n\u00e1roku na d\u016fchod. Z doby, kter\u00e1 byla z\u00edsk\u00e1na p\u0159ed dosa\u017een\u00edm 55 let v\u011bku, lze zapo\u010d\u00edtat pouze jeden rok. Doba studia i doba veden\u00ed v evidenci \u00daP jsou n\u00e1hradn\u00ed doby poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a pro v\u00fd\u0161i d\u016fchodu se kr\u00e1t\u00ed na 80 %.<\/p>\n

10. Pokud pracuji p\u0159i pob\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fchodu, na v\u00fd\u0161i d\u016fchodu to u\u017e nem\u00e1 vliv.
\nPokud p\u0159\u00edjemce starobn\u00edho d\u016fchodu pob\u00edr\u00e1 d\u016fchod v pln\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161i a pracuje, p\u0159esn\u011bji \u0159e\u010deno vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdd\u011ble\u010dnou \u010dinnost zakl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dast na d\u016fchodov\u00e9m poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, zvy\u0161uje se mu procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bra d\u016fchodu o 0,4 % v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kladu za ka\u017ed\u00fdch 360 kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00edch dn\u016f t\u00e9to \u010dinnosti. Toto zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed se v\u0161ak neprov\u00e1d\u00ed automaticky, ale na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u017e\u00e1dosti.<\/p>\n

V\u00edce informac\u00ed o d\u016fchodech a d\u016fchodov\u00e9m poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed lze z\u00edskat na webu \u010cSSZ: www.cssz.cz\/cz\/duchodove-pojisteni, p\u0159i osobn\u00ed n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b OSSZ, klientsk\u00e9ho centra pro d\u016fchodov\u00e9 poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159i \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed \u010cSSZ nebo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm call centra pro d\u016fchodov\u00e9 poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed na telefonn\u00edm \u010d\u00edsle 257 062 860.<\/p>\n

Tiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va \u010cSSZ<\/p>\n

ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto:\u00a0 PhotoRack<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u016fchody. T\u00e9ma, o kter\u00e9 se lid\u00e9 zaj\u00edmaj\u00ed. P\u0159esto je spojeno s mnoha m\u00fdty a nejasnostmi. \u010cesk\u00e1 spr\u00e1va soci\u00e1ln\u00edho zabezpe\u010den\u00ed (\u010cSSZ) proto objasn\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z nich, […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14065,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-poradna","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17180","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17180"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17180\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14065"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17180"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17180"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17180"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}