{"id":17616,"date":"2014-09-24T10:41:24","date_gmt":"2014-09-24T08:41:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=17616"},"modified":"2014-09-24T10:44:12","modified_gmt":"2014-09-24T08:44:12","slug":"humanitarni-krize-na-vychode-ukrajiny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=17616","title":{"rendered":"Humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed krize na v\u00fdchod\u011b Ukrajiny"},"content":{"rendered":"

Na v\u00fdchod\u011b Ukrajiny v oblastech boj\u016f mezi separatisty a ukrajinskou arm\u00e1dou je kritick\u00e1 humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed situace. Lid\u00e9 po cel\u00e9 m\u011bs\u00edce nedost\u00e1vaj\u00ed d\u016fchody, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e1vky, trp\u00ed velk\u00fdm nedostatkem l\u00e9k\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad diabetici a astmatici jsou tak v ohro\u017een\u00ed \u017eivota.<\/strong> <\/p>\n

Informuj\u00ed o tom pracovn\u00edci humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed organizace \u010clov\u011bk v t\u00edsni, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo na v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Ukrajin\u011b p\u016fsob\u00ed. Marek \u0160tys, vedouc\u00ed humanit\u00e1rn\u00edch program\u016f \u010clov\u011bka v t\u00edsni o tom hovo\u0159il v \u010c esk\u00e9 televizi….<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

jak tedy lidi na v\u00fdchod\u011b Ukrajiny \u017eij\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Marek \u0160TYS, vedouc\u00ed humanit\u00e1rn\u00edch program\u016f, \u010clov\u011bk v t\u00edsni:
\npanuje tam te\u010f obrovsk\u00e9 nervozita, co p\u0159inesou p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed t\u00fddny a m\u011bs\u00edce. zejm\u00e9na z toho, jak se vyvine ten konflikt, proto\u017ee spousta lid\u00ed \u010dte to p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je skute\u010dn\u011b z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti pouze pap\u00edrov\u00e9, jako ticho p\u0159ed bou\u0159\u00ed a boj\u00ed se erupce toho konfliktu. D\u00e1le maj\u00ed velk\u00fd strach z bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se zimy, proto\u017ee za m\u011bs\u00edc za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 topn\u00e1 sezona, kter\u00e1 p\u0159inese \u00fapln\u011b nov\u00fd aspekt do \u017eivota n\u011bjak\u00fdch stovky tis\u00edc uprchl\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou p\u0159\u00edmo v Donbasu a teplota na v\u00fdchod\u011b Ukrajiny, tak bude b\u011bhem zimn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f padat a\u017e k n\u011bjak\u00fdm t\u0159eba minus 20, \u010dili je to dlouh\u00e1 a tvrd\u00e1 zima. A pak je to, co jste zmi\u0148oval, a je to v podstat\u011b kolaps ekonomiky m\u00edstn\u00ed, kolaps st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy, tak\u017ee nejen ti uprchl\u00edci, ale i m\u00edstn\u00ed lid\u00e9, hlavn\u011b penzist\u00e9, dlouhodob\u011b nemocn\u00ed, z\u00e1visl\u00ed na d\u00e1vk\u00e1ch, na p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvc\u00edch, se ocitaj\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b na existenci\u00e1ln\u00edm dn\u011b a spousta z nich te\u010f \u0159e\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zku , jestli kupovat l\u00e9ky nebo kupovat j\u00eddlo, co\u017e je opravdu v\u00fdraz u\u017e vysok\u00e9ho zoufalstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

ta ot\u00e1zka stoj\u00ed, jestli to \u010di ono kupovat, dal\u0161\u00ed v\u011bc, jestli ty v\u011bci tam jsou k dispozici v\u016fbec?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Je to paradoxn\u00ed, na n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech lid\u00e9 jsou zcela bez pen\u011bz a nem\u016f\u017eou si je dovolit. Nap\u0159\u00edklad t\u0159eba ve m\u011bst\u011b Don\u011bcku, supermarkety a obchody jsou relativn\u011b dob\u0159e z\u00e1soben\u00e9, lid\u00e9 prost\u011b nemaj\u00ed pen\u00edze, aby si je zakoupili. Na Ukrajin\u011b je zvyk, \u017ee nemocn\u00ed s receptem od l\u00e9ka\u0159e si chod\u00ed do l\u00e9k\u00e1rny si koupit l\u00e9ky, ale lid\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed pen\u00edze na to, aby si je koupili, \u010dili existuje spousta m\u00edstn\u00edch iniciativ, a\u0165 to jsou n\u011bjak\u00e9 c\u00edrkevn\u00ed spolky, dobrovoln\u00edci jednotliv\u00ed nebo prost\u011b ob\u010dansk\u00e1 sdru\u017een\u00ed, ob\u010dansk\u00e9 platformy, kde se lidi dali dohromady, tak se sna\u017e\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u011bmhle t\u011bm nejposti\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00edm, zejm\u00e9na star\u00fdm a nemocn\u00fdm lidem pom\u00e1hat pr\u00e1v\u011b tyhle m\u00edstn\u00ed iniciativy podporujeme, sna\u017e\u00edme se o to v drobn\u00e9m d\u011blat pr\u00e1v\u011b i v Don\u011bcku, kter\u00e9 je pom\u011brn\u011b obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00e9, ale d\u011bl\u00e1me to i ve spoust\u011b t\u011bch p\u0159\u00edfrontov\u00fdch vesnic a m\u011bste\u010dk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

To zn\u00ed skoro a\u017e jednodu\u0161e, tak\u017ee sta\u010d\u00ed dodat pen\u00edze a lidi budou m\u00edt k relativn\u011b standardn\u00edmu \u017eivotu v\u0161echno?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ve velk\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech toho konfliktu je to tak, \u017ee ty pen\u00edze jsou vlastn\u011b nejflexibiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejp\u0159\u00edjemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak lidem pomoct a v podstat\u011b ve v\u0161ech humanit\u00e1rn\u00edch programech, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1me ve sv\u011bt\u011b, tak ta pr\u00e1v\u011b prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f a finan\u010dn\u00edch dar\u016f se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt ta \u00fapln\u011b nejlep\u0161\u00ed modalita pr\u00e1ce, ale pak jsou tak\u00e9 m\u00edsta, hlavn\u011b v t\u011bch p\u0159\u00edfrontov\u00fdch vesnic\u00edch, kde to j\u00eddlo nen\u00ed a kam ho mus\u00edme dov\u00e1\u017eet. A sna\u017e\u00edme se v tuhle chv\u00edli z\u00e1sobovat n\u011bjak\u00fdch 20 tis\u00edc lid\u00ed m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b potravinov\u00fdmi d\u00e1vkami a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me t\u0159eba takov\u00fd zaj\u00edmav\u00fd zp\u016fsob, \u017ee nakupujeme nebo za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1me nakupovat d\u00e1rkov\u00e9 pouk\u00e1zky do supermarket\u016f a pr\u00e1v\u011b ty pouk\u00e1zky potom distribuujeme lidem a oni si mohou zakoupit v podstat\u011b \u00fapln\u011b p\u0159esn\u011b, co pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed, z toho n\u011bjak\u00e9ho vypo\u010d\u00edtan\u00e9ho pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9ho m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00e9ho potravinov\u00e9ho bal\u00ed\u010dku.<\/p>\n

\u010cili rozd\u00edl m\u011bsto – vesnice tam je.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Je tam samoz\u0159ejm\u011b velk\u00fd, je tam hlavn\u011b rozd\u00edl situace uprchl\u00edk\u016f, kter\u00fd se \u017eij\u00ed v t\u00fdlu ukrajinsk\u00e9m, \u010dili des\u00edtky kilometr\u016f od t\u011bch frontov\u00fdch lini\u00ed, je tam velk\u00fd rozd\u00edl u lid\u00ed, kter\u00fd \u017eij\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo na frontov\u00fdch lini\u00edch nebo ve m\u011bstech, kde se v\u00e1l\u010d\u00ed, jako je t\u0159eba Pervomajsk, Horlivka, z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st Don\u011bcka, kde ta situace je tragick\u00e1. J\u00e1 jsem te\u010f nav\u0161t\u00edvil n\u011bkolik vesnic, kde lid\u00e9 tr\u00e1v\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu \u010dasu v bombov\u00fdch krytech ve sklep\u00edch, opravdu v ot\u0159esn\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch a i p\u0159es to p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed, tak tam prost\u011b denn\u011b dopadaj\u00ed do t\u011bch vesnic gran\u00e1ty.<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d nejdou pry\u010d? Jak na to odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n

To je dobr\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka. Spousta lid\u00ed na Ukrajin\u011b \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 taky, nepom\u00e1hejte jim, ti lid\u00e9 by se m\u011bli evakuovat, m\u011bli by odej\u00edt, ale \u010dasto ti lid\u00e9 jsou bu\u010f dlouhodob\u011b nemocn\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed prost\u011b u\u017e by ten transport pro n\u011b byl obrovsk\u00fd probl\u00e9m, jsou to star\u0161\u00ed lid\u00e9 tak\u00e9, kter\u00fd prost\u011b u\u017e jsou upnut\u00ed na domov a necht\u011bj\u00ed odej\u00edt, a nem\u016f\u017eete je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit, aby ode\u0161li. Zn\u00e1me tu situaci od n\u00e1s, kdy se lid\u00e9 t\u0159eba b\u011bhem povodn\u00ed odm\u00edtaj\u00ed evakuovat. To jsou tak v\u00e1z\u00e1ni ke sv\u00e9mu domovu, ke sv\u00fdm zv\u00ed\u0159at\u016fm, k jak\u00fdmkoliv v\u011bcem, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1m m\u016f\u017eou p\u0159ipadat \u00fasm\u011bvn\u00e9, pro ty lidi je to prost\u011b z\u00e1sadn\u00ed ten domov. A mo\u017en\u00e1 i ten p\u0159esun by pro n\u011b znamenal i jak\u00fdsi \u017eivotn\u00ed zlom. J\u00e1 s\u00e1m jsem vid\u011bl sta\u0159e\u010dky , kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159eb\u00fdvaj\u00ed v n\u011bjak\u00fdch intern\u00e1tech, v nemocni\u010dn\u00edch pokoj\u00edch narvan\u00fdch lidma po 10 a kte\u0159\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b vypadaj\u00ed, \u017ee ta situace je \u00fapln\u011b nad jejich s\u00edly.<\/p>\n

Te\u010f je tedy ta zima. Co tedy bude pot\u0159eba na zimu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u011bch probl\u00e9m\u016f je tam n\u011bkolik. My se te\u010f budeme sna\u017eit v co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e podporovat to, aby se ti uprchl\u00edci ubytovali u m\u00edstn\u00edch lid\u00ed, proto\u017ee tu zimu m\u016f\u017eou p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt sice v nacpan\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch v byt\u011b mal\u00e9m 2+1, kdy ka\u017ed\u00fd pokoj bude ob\u00fdvat jedna rodina, ale p\u0159itom je to nejbezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak ti uprchl\u00edci m\u016f\u017eou p\u0159e\u010dkat zimu. A pokud drobnou finan\u010dn\u00ed d\u00e1vkou podpo\u0159\u00edte tu hostitelskou rodinu, kter\u00e1, aby uhradila zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 poplatky za elekt\u0159inu, za plyn, za potraviny, kter\u00fdmi dotuj\u00ed ty uprchl\u00edky, tak v podstat\u011b lze naj\u00edt n\u011bjak\u00fd takov\u00fd syst\u00e9m kohabitace.<\/p>\n

To se ale bav\u00edme o lidech, kte\u0159\u00ed odejdou n\u011bkam do bezpe\u010d\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kte\u0159\u00ed odejdou do bezpe\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

No a ti, co tam z\u016fstanou?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ti, co tam z\u016fstanou, tak budou m\u00edt velk\u00fd probl\u00e9m. To je spousta t\u011bch m\u011bst, tak jejich infrastruktur\u00e1ln\u011b zcela zkolabovala, nefunguje voda, nefunguje elekt\u0159ina, nejsou to jenom frontov\u00e1 m\u011bsta, t\u0159eba m\u011bsto \/nesrozumiteln\u00e9\/, kter\u00e9 je n\u011bjak\u00fdch 30 kilometr\u016f od fronty, nikdy nebylo posti\u017een\u00e9<\/span> boji, 16 tis\u00edc obyvatel, panel\u00e1kov\u00e9 m\u011bsto, nem\u00e1 vodu te\u010f v\u016fbec. My tam m\u00edstn\u00ed radnice plat\u00edme dovoz vody cisternami, ale a\u017e ude\u0159\u00ed mrazy, tak lid\u00e9 si u\u017e nebudou moct pro tu vodu chodit nikam ven, \u010dili ty lid\u00e9 budou ve velice komplikovan\u00e9 situaci. Lze to samoz\u0159ejm\u011b parci\u00e1ln\u011b \u0159e\u0161it distribuc\u00ed kam\u00ednek, i v tom panel\u00e1ku je p\u0159ece mo\u017en\u00e9 si topit kam\u00ednkama, kdy\u017e se ten kom\u00edn vystr\u010d\u00ed z okna ven. Vid\u011bli jsme to v cel\u00e9 b\u00fdval\u00e9 Jugosl\u00e1vii, v Bosn\u011b takhle lid\u00e9 p\u0159e\u017e\u00edvali n\u011bkolik zim, ale je to dost komplikovan\u00e9 a ten materi\u00e1l na m\u00edsto dost\u00e1vat des\u00edtk\u00e1m tis\u00edc lid\u00ed je velk\u00fd logistick\u00fd o\u0159\u00ed\u0161ek.<\/p>\n

\u010cili jestli n\u011bjak pomoct \u010clov\u011bku v t\u00edsni, aby mohl pom\u00e1hat, tak pen\u00edze.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Je to tak. Jako v\u017edy, jedin\u00fd probl\u00e9m, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161it m\u00edstn\u011b, tak je inzul\u00edn a ukrajinsk\u00fd trh s inzul\u00ednem a z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed po cel\u00e9 zemi kolabuje. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v tom Donbasu tak spousta lid\u00ed je na inzul\u00ednu z\u00e1visl\u00fdch, tak te\u010fkom velice trp\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee prost\u011b ta l\u00e1tka nen\u00ed k dost\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Pane \u0160tysi, d\u011bkuju za rozhovor, na shledanou.<\/strong><\/p>\n

ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto: Tim & Selena Middleton \/ Flickr.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Na v\u00fdchod\u011b Ukrajiny v oblastech boj\u016f mezi separatisty a ukrajinskou arm\u00e1dou je kritick\u00e1 humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed situace. Lid\u00e9 po cel\u00e9 m\u011bs\u00edce nedost\u00e1vaj\u00ed d\u016fchody, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e1vky, trp\u00ed velk\u00fdm […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":17515,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17616","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rozhovory"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17616","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17616"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17616\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/17515"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17616"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17616"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17616"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}