{"id":18142,"date":"2014-10-30T09:17:37","date_gmt":"2014-10-30T08:17:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=18142"},"modified":"2014-10-30T09:17:37","modified_gmt":"2014-10-30T08:17:37","slug":"jak-se-u-nas-nezamestnanost-splhala-k-rekordnim-vysinam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=18142","title":{"rendered":"Jak se u n\u00e1s nezam\u011bstnanost \u0161plhala k rekordn\u00edm v\u00fd\u0161in\u00e1m"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Na \u00fa\u0159adech pr\u00e1ce v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice bylo loni podle \u00fadaj\u016f Ministerstva pr\u00e1ce a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed (<span class=\"highlight\">MPSV<\/span>) evidov\u00e1no historicky nejv\u00edce uchaze\u010d\u016f o zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, v pr\u016fm\u011bru t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 600 tis\u00edc. Po\u010det voln\u00fdch m\u00edst byl z\u00e1rove\u0148 druh\u00fd nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed.<\/strong><!--more--><br \/>\nCelkov\u00fd po\u010det nezam\u011bstnan\u00fdch je ale mnohem vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed. Mimo evidenci \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f pr\u00e1ce je toti\u017e podle kvalifikovan\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f dal\u0161\u00edch t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dv\u011b st\u011b tis\u00edc nezam\u011bstnan\u00fdch.<br \/>\nSkute\u010dn\u00fd stav je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce zaml\u017euje tzv. m\u00edra nezam\u011bstnanosti. Ta byla podle \u00fadaj\u016f \u010cesk\u00e9ho statistick\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu za posledn\u00edch 25 let v \u010cR nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v roce 2000, kdy \u010dinila 8,8 procenta. V roce 1990 byla tak\u0159ka nulov\u00e1, ke konci roku 2013 byla na sedmi procentech. \u00dadaje \u010cS\u00da o nezam\u011bstnanosti vypl\u00fdvaj\u00ed z v\u00fdb\u011brov\u00e9ho \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed pracovn\u00edch sil.<\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed ekonom spole\u010dnosti Deloitte David Marek upozornil, \u017ee v lednu 1990 bylo u n\u00e1s pouh\u00fdch 5865 uchaze\u010d\u016f o zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed a m\u00edra nezam\u011bstnanosti \u010dinila 0,1 %. Nyn\u00ed je tak po\u010det nezam\u011bstnan\u00fdch zhruba ston\u00e1sobn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed. V\u00fdrazn\u011bji za\u010dal podle statistik r\u016fst po\u010det nezam\u011bstnan\u00fdch a\u017e s ekonomickou reformou, kter\u00e1 odstartovala 1. ledna 1991, a s celkovou zm\u011bnou struktury hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na metodice<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nesoulad \u00fadaj\u016f \u010cS\u00da a <span class=\"highlight\">MPSV<\/span> souvis\u00ed s rozd\u00edln\u00fdmi metodikami. \u010cS\u00da vych\u00e1z\u00ed u m\u00edry nezam\u011bstnanosti z v\u00fdb\u011brov\u00fdch \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed pracovn\u00edch sil, kterou doporu\u010duje Eurostat a Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizace pr\u00e1ce (ILO). P\u0159edm\u011btem \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed jsou v\u0161echny osoby obvykle bydl\u00edc\u00ed v soukrom\u00fdch dom\u00e1cnostech. \u0160et\u0159en\u00ed se ale nevztahuje na osoby bydl\u00edc\u00ed dlouhodob\u011b v hromadn\u00fdch ubytovac\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch. Z toho d\u016fvodu jsou \u00fadaje za ur\u010dit\u00e9 skupiny obyvatelstva k dispozici v omezen\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e. Za nezam\u011bstnan\u00e9ho je pak podle metodiky ILO pova\u017eov\u00e1n jen \u010dlov\u011bk, kter\u00fd ve sledovan\u00e9m \u010dtvrtlet\u00ed neodpracoval ani jednu hodinu za mzdu.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"highlight\">MPSV<\/span>, resp. \u00da\u0159ad pr\u00e1ce \u010cR, pak zve\u0159ej\u0148uje m\u00edru registrovan\u00e9 nezam\u011bstnanosti na z\u00e1klad\u011b po\u010dtu uchaze\u010d\u016f o zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed registrovan\u00fdch na pracovi\u0161t\u00edch \u00da\u0159adu pr\u00e1ce. V sou\u010dasnosti po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 pod\u00edl nezam\u011bstnan\u00fdch v\u016f\u010di obyvatelstvu ve v\u011bku 15 a\u017e 64 let. Do roku 2012 pom\u011b\u0159ovalo m\u00edru nezam\u011bstnanosti k ekonomicky aktivn\u00edm lidem.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Po\u010det OSV\u010c roste s kriz\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ze statistik \u010cS\u00da d\u00e1le vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee se v \u010cR od roku 1993 v\u00edce ne\u017e zdvojn\u00e1sobil po\u010det \u017eivnostn\u00edk\u016f a podnikatel\u016f, a to ze zhruba 308 tis\u00edc na necel\u00fdch 670 tis\u00edc ke konci roku 2013. \u00bbPod\u00edl sebezam\u011bstnan\u00fdch osob dlouhodob\u011b nar\u016fst\u00e1 z 2,1 % v roce 1990 na 17,4 % v roce 2013, ale jeho intenzita je nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b v obdob\u00ed ekonomick\u00fdch reces\u00ed, jeliko\u017e \u010d\u00e1st propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f se zkou\u0161\u00ed uplatnit jako OSV\u010c a zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 rovn\u011b\u017e maj\u00ed siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podn\u011bty k p\u0159echodu na tzv. \u0161varcsyst\u00e9m, \u00ab uvedl hlavn\u00ed ekonom skupiny Roklen.<\/p>\n<p>Hal\u00f3 noviny<\/p>\n<p>ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto: jannoon028 \/ FreeDigitalPhotos<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Na \u00fa\u0159adech pr\u00e1ce v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice bylo loni podle \u00fadaj\u016f Ministerstva pr\u00e1ce a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed (MPSV) evidov\u00e1no historicky nejv\u00edce uchaze\u010d\u016f o zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, v pr\u016fm\u011bru t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=18142\" title=\"Jak se u n\u00e1s nezam\u011bstnanost \u0161plhala k rekordn\u00edm v\u00fd\u0161in\u00e1m\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18155,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18142","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politika"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18142","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18142"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18142\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/18155"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18142"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18142"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}