{"id":18460,"date":"2014-11-19T17:07:26","date_gmt":"2014-11-19T16:07:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=18460"},"modified":"2014-11-19T17:07:26","modified_gmt":"2014-11-19T16:07:26","slug":"az-deset-procent-predskolaku-trpi-ocni-vadou-jak-vadu-odhalit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=18460","title":{"rendered":"A\u017e deset procent p\u0159ed\u0161kol\u00e1k\u016f trp\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed vadou. Jak vadu odhalit?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0160ilh\u00e1n\u00ed, tupozrakost, kr\u00e1tkozrakost, dalekozrakost, astigmatismus \u2013 to jsou nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed vady, kter\u00fdmi d\u011bti trp\u00ed. Rozpoznat je v\u00a0n\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u011bku d\u00edt\u011bte v\u0161ak nen\u00ed nic snadn\u00e9ho. Nel\u00e9\u010den\u00e1 o\u010dn\u00ed vada v prvn\u00edch letech \u017eivota m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k trval\u00e9mu a pozd\u011bji nel\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e9mu oslaben\u00ed zraku. <\/b><\/p>\n

D\u011bt\u00ed s\u00a0o\u010dn\u00ed vadou p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1, vliv na to m\u00e1 i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f, mobiln\u00edch telefon\u016f a \u010dast\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed televize ve st\u00e1le ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm v\u011bku. \u201eO\u010dn\u00ed vady mohou d\u011bti prov\u00e1zet u\u017e od narozen\u00ed. V \u010cesku trp\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 dvan\u00e1ct\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b ve v\u011bku do \u010dty\u0159 let o\u010dn\u00ed vadou. P\u0159ed\u0161kol\u00e1k\u016f se zhor\u0161en\u00fdm zrakem je p\u011bt a\u017e deset procent a d\u011bt\u00ed \u0161koln\u00edho v\u011bku zhruba \u010dtvrtina. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>Prvn\u00ed n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu u o\u010dn\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e by d\u00edt\u011b m\u011blo absolvovat do t\u0159\u00ed let. Dioptrie jsou \u010dasto d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e9, pokud se tedy v rodin\u011b vyskytuj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed dioptrie, je lep\u0161\u00ed nav\u0161t\u00edvit o\u010dn\u00edho l\u00e9ka\u0159e ji\u017e v prvn\u00edm roce \u017eivota<\/span><\/span><\/span>,\u201c doporu\u010dil Pavel Stod\u016flka, p\u0159ednosta s\u00edt\u011b o\u010dn\u00edch klinik Gemini.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Zjistit o\u010dn\u00ed vadu mohou podle ur\u010dit\u00fdch sign\u00e1l\u016f i rodi\u010de. <\/span><\/span>\u201e<\/span><\/span><\/span>D\u011bti, kter\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b neum\u011bj\u00ed pozn\u00e1vat obr\u00e1zky, je t\u0159eba sledovat p\u0159i h\u0159e.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> Jsou-li schopn\u00e9 c\u00edlen\u011b uchopovat p\u0159edm\u011bty nebo reagovat na mimiku rodi\u010d\u016f, m\u011bl by b\u00fdt zrak v po\u0159\u00e1dku. Zhor\u0161en\u00fd zrak jen jednoho oka m\u016f\u017ee odhalit test, kdy se jedno oko p\u0159i h\u0159e jemn\u011b zakryje. Pokud je jedno oko v\u00fdrazn\u011b slab\u0161\u00ed, d\u00edt\u011b se zakryt\u00ed zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00edho oka br\u00e1n\u00ed, zat\u00edmco po zakryt\u00ed hor\u0161\u00edho oka si hraje d\u00e1l. <\/span><\/span><\/span>U p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edch d\u011bt\u00ed lze zkou\u0161et, poznaj\u00ed-li obr\u00e1zky i z v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed d\u00e1lky.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> Bez probl\u00e9m\u016f by je m\u011bly rozpoznat na vzd\u00e1lenost m\u00edstnosti se zakryt\u00fdm jedn\u00edm a pak druh\u00fdm okem. <\/span><\/span><\/span>Podobn\u011b lze orienta\u010dn\u011b otestovat zrak \u0161kol\u00e1k\u016fm s vytisknut\u00fdmi v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi p\u00edsmeny. <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>Tu\u010dn\u00e1 p\u00edsmena velikosti 1,5 centimetru by m\u011bli z p\u011bti metr\u016f rozpoznat,\u201c<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/b>vysv\u011btlil <\/span><\/span><\/span>Jaroslav Poli\u0161ensk\u00fd, l\u00e9ka\u0159 o\u010dn\u00ed kliniky Gemini. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b na zhor\u0161en\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed zpravidla rodi\u010de upozorn\u00ed samo. Jak ale o\u010dn\u00ed vadu rozpoznat u men\u0161\u00edch d\u011bt\u00ed? <\/span><\/span> \u201eU kojenc\u016f se porucha zraku jednoho oka m\u016f\u017ee projevovat \u0161ilh\u00e1n\u00edm. <\/span><\/span><\/span>Od druh\u00e9ho m\u011bs\u00edce by d\u00edt\u011b m\u011blo b\u00fdt schopno na chv\u00edli zrak zam\u011b\u0159it na v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed barevn\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty. Ve \u010dtvrt\u00e9m m\u011bs\u00edci by m\u011blo bez probl\u00e9m\u016f sledovat i pohybuj\u00edc\u00ed se v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bty a jednozna\u010dn\u011b nav\u00e1zat o\u010dn\u00ed kontakt.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> Zn\u00e1mkou zdrav\u00e9ho zraku je tak\u00e9 to, \u017ee se d\u00edt\u011bti p\u0159i siln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm osv\u011btlen\u00ed z\u00fa\u017e\u00ed zornice obou o\u010d\u00ed. U men\u0161\u00edch d\u011bt\u00ed se hor\u0161\u00ed vid\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 nap\u0159\u00edklad projevovat t\u00edm, \u017ee chod\u00ed bl\u00ed\u017e k televizi, aby na ni vid\u011bly,\u201c <\/span><\/span><\/span>uvedla Michaela Netukov\u00e1, l\u00e9ka\u0159ka o\u010dn\u00ed kliniky Gemini.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Porucha zraku jen jednoho oka se nemus\u00ed na d\u00edt\u011bti kter\u00e9hokoli v\u011bku projevit v\u016fbec<\/b><\/span><\/span>, proto jsou zavedeny preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky u pediatra, kter\u00fd by m\u011bl vadu odhalit.<\/span><\/span> \u201ePokud maj\u00ed rodi\u010de pochybnosti o spr\u00e1vn\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji zraku, mohou se na o\u010dn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed objednat i bez doporu\u010den\u00ed pediatra. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdsledk\u016f vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159 ur\u010d\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed postup. Pokud se zjist\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed vada, zpravidla se d\u011btem p\u0159edepisuj\u00ed dioptrick\u00e9 br\u00fdle. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b velk\u00e9ho rozd\u00edlu dioptri\u00ed mezi o\u010dima m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt o\u010dn\u00edm l\u00e9ka\u0159em doporu\u010dena kontaktn\u00ed \u010do\u010dka ji\u017e v p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edm v\u011bku. <\/span><\/span><\/span>Pokud lze dioptrickou vadu dob\u0159e korigovat br\u00fdlemi, pak nen\u00ed vhodn\u00e9 s kontaktn\u00edmi \u010do\u010dkami sp\u011bchat.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span> \u0158e\u0161en\u00edm m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b i laserov\u00e1 operace, kterou je <\/span><\/span><\/span>ale vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ponechat a\u017e po 16. roce \u017eivota, kdy se dioptrie ji\u017e ustaluj\u00ed<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>,\u201c <\/span><\/span><\/span>dodal Pavel Stod\u016flka.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

O o\u010dn\u00ed klinice GEMINI, <\/b><\/span><\/span>www.gemini.cz<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Soukrom\u00e1 o\u010dn\u00ed klinika rozv\u00edj\u00ed dlouholetou tradici zl\u00ednsk\u00e9 o\u010dn\u00ed chirurgie. V \u010dele t\u00fdmu specialist\u016f stoj\u00ed prim\u00e1\u0159 MUDr. Pavel Stod\u016flka, Ph.D., o\u010dn\u00ed chirurg s dlouholetou prax\u00ed a vysok\u00fdm renom\u00e9 v \u010cesku i v zahrani\u010d\u00ed.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Prim. MUDr. Pavel Stod\u016flka, Ph.D.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u011bkolik o\u010dn\u00edch operac\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad centraci vych\u00fdlen\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 \u010do\u010dky, provedl jako prvn\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed chirurg na sv\u011bt\u011b a \u0159adu o\u010dn\u00edch operac\u00ed zavedl jako prvn\u00ed v \u010cR. Mezi jeho pacienty pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad exprezident V\u00e1clav Klaus a Tom\u00e1\u0161 Ba\u0165a s\u00a0rodinou nebo hrab\u011bnka Diana \u0160ternberkov\u00e1.
\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0160ilh\u00e1n\u00ed, tupozrakost, kr\u00e1tkozrakost, dalekozrakost, astigmatismus \u2013 to jsou nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed vady, kter\u00fdmi d\u011bti trp\u00ed. Rozpoznat je v\u00a0n\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u011bku d\u00edt\u011bte v\u0161ak nen\u00ed nic snadn\u00e9ho. Nel\u00e9\u010den\u00e1 o\u010dn\u00ed […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14064,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18460","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18460","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18460"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18460\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14064"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18460"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18460"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18460"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}