{"id":18903,"date":"2014-12-11T10:57:32","date_gmt":"2014-12-11T09:57:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=18903"},"modified":"2014-12-11T10:57:32","modified_gmt":"2014-12-11T09:57:32","slug":"cim-vice-zvlastnich-skol-tim-vice-postizenych-zaku-ukazuje-studie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=18903","title":{"rendered":"\u010c\u00edm v\u00edce zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch \u0161kol, t\u00edm v\u00edce posti\u017een\u00fdch \u017e\u00e1k\u016f, ukazuje studie"},"content":{"rendered":"

V \u00dasteck\u00e9m kraji je t\u0159ikr\u00e1t v\u00edce d\u011bt\u00ed s ment\u00e1ln\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm ne\u017e nap\u0159\u00edklad v Praze. Anal\u00fdza uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee po\u010det zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch \u0161kol ovliv\u0148uje po\u010det d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 dostanou tuto diagn\u00f3zu.<\/strong><\/p>\n

PRAHA Nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee by se na severu republiky rodilo v\u00edce ment\u00e1ln\u011b posti\u017een\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed ne\u017e na jihu.<\/p>\n

Mno\u017estv\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed s touto diagn\u00f3zou se p\u0159esto nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d kraji v \u010cesku dost li\u0161\u00ed. Co m\u00e1 na po\u010det d\u011bt\u00ed s ment\u00e1ln\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm, kter\u00e9 je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro jejich za\u0159azen\u00ed do praktick\u00e9, d\u0159\u00edve zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed \u0161koly, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vliv? Na to se zam\u011b\u0159il analytik Jan Klus\u00e1\u010dek z \u010cesk\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti pro inkluzivn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed (\u010cOSIV). „Sna\u017eil jsem se zjistit, pro\u010d se \u010d\u00edsla v jednotliv\u00fdch kraj\u00edch m\u011bn\u00ed. Zkou\u0161el jsem je srovnat s m\u00edrou nezam\u011bstnanosti, velikost\u00ed romsk\u00e9 populace a s kapacitou segregovan\u00fdch \u0161kol pro \u017e\u00e1ky s ment\u00e1ln\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm,“ vysv\u011btluje Klus\u00e1\u010dek.<\/p>\n

Jist\u00e1 souvislost se uk\u00e1zala ve v\u0161ech p\u0159\u00edpadech. Nejjasn\u011bji se v\u0161ak po\u010det d\u011bt\u00ed s ment\u00e1ln\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm shodoval s po\u010dtem m\u00edst v praktick\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Nejv\u00edce je to vid\u011bt u lehk\u00e9ho ment\u00e1ln\u00edho posti\u017een\u00ed, kde panuje podez\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee se d\u011btem \u010dasto diagnostikuje i v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy nejsou zdravotn\u011b omezen\u00e9, jen zanedban\u00e9. Tato diagn\u00f3za tak nej\u010dast\u011bji dopad\u00e1 na d\u011bti ze soci\u00e1ln\u011b vylou\u010den\u00fdch lokalit, jim\u017e se rodi\u010de tolik nev\u011bnuj\u00ed a v norm\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch se s nimi p\u0159i vyu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed necht\u011bj\u00ed „zdr\u017eovat“.<\/p>\n

„Ministerstvo \u0161kolstv\u00ed neeviduje kapacity z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u0161kol praktick\u00fdch, proto jsme jako \u0161koly pro posti\u017een\u00e9 volili za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kde \u017e\u00e1ci bez zdravotn\u00edho posti\u017een\u00ed tvo\u0159ili m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e \u010dtvrtinu celkov\u00e9ho po\u010dtu d\u011bt\u00ed,“ dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Klus\u00e1\u010dek.<\/p>\n

Jeho z\u00e1v\u011bry potvrzuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 lid\u00e9 z oboru, kte\u0159\u00ed se t\u00e9to problematice v\u011bnuj\u00ed. „V\u00fdznamn\u00e9 krajov\u00e9 rozd\u00edly jsou dan\u00e9 dv\u011bma z\u00e1sadn\u00edmi v\u011bcmi. Prvn\u00ed je velk\u00fd v\u00fdskyt soci\u00e1ln\u011b znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00e9 populace a m\u00edra v\u00fdskytu chudoby. A druh\u00fd d\u016fvod, kter\u00fd ta anal\u00fdza jasn\u011b pojmenov\u00e1v\u00e1: v \u00dasteck\u00e9m kraji je velk\u00e1 kapacita na z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch praktick\u00fdch. Kde ty \u0161koly jsou, tam se pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b tak\u00e9 napln\u00ed,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed pedagog Zden\u011bk Svoboda z Univerzity J. E. Purkyn\u011b v \u00dast\u00ed nad Labem.<\/p>\n

Tomu nahr\u00e1v\u00e1 tak\u00e9 skute\u010dnost, \u017ee d\u011bti diagnostikuj\u00ed psychologov\u00e9 ve \u0161kolsk\u00fdch poradensk\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch, kter\u00e1 jsou v\u011bt\u0161inou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u0161kol praktick\u00fdch. Ta maj\u00ed stejn\u00e9ho \u0159editele, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 z\u00e1jem na tom, t\u0159\u00eddy naplnit, proto\u017ee za ka\u017ed\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b dost\u00e1v\u00e1 pen\u00edze. Panuje proto podez\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee psychologov\u00e9 se mohou sna\u017eit d\u00edt\u011b um\u00edstit do „vlastn\u00ed“ \u0161koly.<\/p>\n

\u010cesk\u00e9 republice se da\u0159\u00ed po\u010dty d\u011bt\u00ed ve zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch rok od roku sni\u017eovat. V Poslaneck\u00e9 sn\u011bmovn\u011b je v\u0161ak nyn\u00ed novela \u0161kolsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona, kter\u00e1 m\u011bn\u00ed diagnostiku ment\u00e1ln\u00edho posti\u017een\u00ed u d\u011bt\u00ed. P\u0159esto\u017ee tv\u016frci novely ubezpe\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee m\u00e1 po\u010det d\u011bt\u00ed v praktick\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch sn\u00ed\u017eit, \u010cOSIV a dal\u0161\u00ed odborn\u00edci se ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed opaku.<\/p>\n

„Posuzovac\u00ed krit\u00e9ria jsou zadan\u00e1 nejasn\u011b. Nev\u00edme, jak budeme moci nevyzkou\u0161en\u00fd syst\u00e9m kontrolovat,“ ob\u00e1v\u00e1 se Lenka Felcmanov\u00e1, p\u0159edsedkyn\u011b \u010cOSIV.<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

Fakta<\/p>\n

Ment\u00e1ln\u00ed posti\u017een\u00ed v \u010cR<\/p>\n

– Pod\u00edl d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 dostaly diagn\u00f3zu ment\u00e1ln\u00edho posti\u017een\u00ed, na celkov\u00e9m po\u010dtu d\u011bt\u00ed v \u010desk\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch klesl od z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2009 do z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2014 z 2,96 na 1,84 %, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se dostal na \u00farove\u0148, kter\u00e1 je obvykl\u00e1 v zahrani\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

– Po\u010dty d\u011bt\u00ed s lehk\u00fdm ment\u00e1ln\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm se v jednotliv\u00fdch kraj\u00edch po\u0159\u00e1d hodn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed:<\/p>\n

\u00dasteck\u00fd kraj 3,77 %
\nPlze\u0148sk\u00fd kraj 2,13 %
\nMoravskoslezsk\u00fd kraj 1,82 %
\nPardubick\u00fd kraj 1,6 %
\nJihomoravsk\u00fd kraj 1,26 %
\nHlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto Praha 1,07 %<\/p>\n

Mark\u00e9ta B\u0159ezinov\u00e1, redaktorka MF DNES<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V \u00dasteck\u00e9m kraji je t\u0159ikr\u00e1t v\u00edce d\u011bt\u00ed s ment\u00e1ln\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm ne\u017e nap\u0159\u00edklad v Praze. Anal\u00fdza uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee po\u010det zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch \u0161kol ovliv\u0148uje po\u010det d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 dostanou […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1827,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18903","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18903","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18903"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18903\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1827"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18903"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18903"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18903"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}