N\u011bkdo se se zak\u0159ivenou p\u00e1te\u0159\u00ed narod\u00ed, jin\u00fd zas doplat\u00ed na nedostatek pohybu. Co je skoli\u00f3za a jak obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1 je jej\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dba, odpov\u00edd\u00e1 v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm rozhovoru registrovan\u00e1 fyzioterapeutka centra komplexn\u00ed rehabilita\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de Lenka Kopeck\u00e1.<\/p>\n
– Abychom spr\u00e1vn\u011b pochopili co je skoli\u00f3za, popi\u0161te, jak m\u00e1 p\u00e1te\u0159 vypadat spr\u00e1vn\u011b a jak\u00e1 je jej\u00ed funkce.<\/p>\n
P\u00e1te\u0159 je, krom\u011b kostern\u00ed ochrany m\u00edchy, osov\u00fdm op\u011brn\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem trupu. M\u00e1 b\u00fdt tedy p\u0159i pohledu zezadu \u00fapln\u011b p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1, a v jeho st\u0159edu \u2013 ose . P\u0159i p\u0159edklonu se jev\u00ed op\u011bt jako plynul\u00e1 linie obratlov\u00fdch trn\u016f bez v\u00fdchylek do stran. Toto postaven\u00ed p\u00e1te\u0159e p\u0159i optim\u00e1ln\u00ed funkci svalov\u00e9ho korzetu zaji\u0161\u0165uje vzp\u0159\u00edmen\u00e9 dr\u017een\u00ed t\u011bla.<\/p>\n
– V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b skoli\u00f3zy tedy p\u00e1te\u0159 vypad\u00e1 jak?<\/p>\n
Pod pojmem skoli\u00f3za se rozum\u00ed vybo\u010den\u00ed p\u00e1te\u0159e do stran. V\u011bt\u0161inu skoli\u00f3z doprov\u00e1z\u00ed i rotace \u2013 pooto\u010den\u00ed obratl\u016f, tedy i \u017eeber, kter\u00e1 jsou s obratli kloubn\u011b spojen\u00e1. To zp\u016fsobuje asymetrie, kter\u00e9 lze snadno vid\u011bt p\u0159i p\u0159edklonu . Voblasti hrudn\u00edku vystupuj\u00ed \u017eebra vzad na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e na druh\u00e9, pod\u00e9l bedern\u00ed p\u00e1te\u0159e vid\u00edme nestejn\u00e9 svalov\u00e9 valy.<\/p>\n
– M\u00e1 skoli\u00f3za svoje p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny?<\/p>\n
Vrozen\u00e9 skoli\u00f3zy se diagnostikuj\u00ed v d\u011btsk\u00e9m v\u011bku a nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed progrese b\u00fdv\u00e1 v obdob\u00ed puberty, kdy je p\u0159ekotn\u00fd r\u016fst. Daleko \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u00fdskyt skoliotick\u00e9ho dr\u017een\u00ed t\u011bla, kdy je p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou svalov\u00e1 nerovnov\u00e1ha d\u00edky \u017eivotn\u00edmu stylu \u2013 obecn\u011b m\u00e1lo pohybu \u010di jednostrann\u00e9 p\u0159et\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n
– M\u016f\u017eeme sami poznat, \u017ee skoli\u00f3zou p\u00e1te\u0159e trp\u00edme a nese si s sebou toto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky?<\/p>\n
Nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed skoli\u00f3zy, tzv. juveniln\u00ed idiopatie, jsou vrozen\u00e9 z nejasn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din, jindy jsou z\u00edskan\u00e9 vlivem neuromuskul\u00e1rn\u00edho posti\u017een\u00ed (nap\u0159. p\u0159i d\u011btsk\u00e9 mozkov\u00e9 obrn\u011b \u010di poru\u0161e moze\u010dku). Tyto skoli\u00f3zy maj\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed progresi a n\u00e1ro\u010dnou l\u00e9\u010dbu. Dal\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed z\u00edskan\u00e9 skoli\u00f3zy \u2013 l\u00e9pe \u0159e\u010deno skoliotick\u00e9ho dr\u017een\u00ed t\u011bla \u2013 je po\u00farazov\u00fd stav, nestejn\u00e1 d\u00e9lka kon\u010detin a podobn\u011b.<\/p>\n
– Pokud l\u00e9ka\u0159 konstatuje, \u017ee m\u00e1me skoli\u00f3zu, co n\u00e1s \u010dek\u00e1 d\u00e1l, jak\u00e1 je l\u00e9\u010dba?<\/p>\n
V po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch tato deformita p\u00e1te\u0159e nebol\u00ed, proto si ji sami na sob\u011b t\u011b\u017eko uv\u011bdomujeme. Co v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u00e1padn\u00e9, je nestejn\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161e ramen, odst\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed jedna lopatka, vy\u010dn\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed kost, vybo\u010den\u00ed p\u00e1nve apod. Toto jsou sign\u00e1ly k tomu nechat d\u00edt\u011b vy\u0161et\u0159it odborn\u00edkem a d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd je i rentgenov\u00fd sn\u00edmek cel\u00e9 p\u00e1te\u0159e, pro ur\u010den\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017enosti situace. Z\u00e1kladem l\u00e9\u010dby je v\u017edy fyzioterapie. Naz\u00e1klad\u011b celkov\u00e9ho kineziologick\u00e9ho rozboru je sestaven individu\u00e1ln\u00ed pl\u00e1n korek\u010dn\u00edho cvi\u010den\u00ed. Tento pohybov\u00fd re\u017eim je nutn\u00e9 dodr\u017eovat pravideln\u011b, nejl\u00e9pe denn\u011b a dlouhodob\u011b. Pokud se jedn\u00e1 pouze o funk\u010dn\u00ed poruchu, tedy svalovou nerovnov\u00e1hu, je mo\u017en\u00e9 probl\u00e9m pom\u011brn\u011b dob\u0159e kompenzovat. Uvrozen\u00fdch skoli\u00f3z, kdy jsou struktur\u00e1ln\u011b po\u0161kozen\u00e1 obratlov\u00e1 t\u011bla, je l\u00e9\u010dba komplikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na z\u00e1va\u017enosti: u leh\u010d\u00edch zak\u0159iven\u00ed posta\u010d\u00ed pohybov\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba, u t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edch je nutn\u00e9 doplnit o no\u0161en\u00ed korzetu a\u017e na 23 hodin denn\u011b (v dob\u011b maxim\u00e1ln\u00edho r\u016fstu) a u nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch je nutn\u00e1 operace p\u00e1te\u0159e.<\/p>\n
– Lze skoli\u00f3ze \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b p\u0159edch\u00e1zet?<\/p>\n
Prevence je mo\u017en\u00e1 pouze u funk\u010dn\u00edho posti\u017een\u00ed \u2013 to je dostate\u010dn\u00fd a vhodn\u00fd pohybov\u00fd re\u017eim, d\u00e1le doporu\u010duji nepodce\u0148ovat asymetrie t\u011bla, ploch\u00e9 nohy, drobn\u00e9 \u00farazy apod.<\/p>\n
– Pokud podcen\u00edme toto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, hroz\u00ed n\u00e1m n\u011bjak\u00e1 rizika?<\/p>\n
Nedodr\u017een\u00ed pohybov\u00e9ho re\u017eimu m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek kosmetick\u00fd defekt \u2013 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd zejm\u00e9na pro d\u00edvky. Postupem \u010dasu se objevuj\u00ed bolesti, d\u00edky nerovnom\u011brn\u00e9mu zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na jednotliv\u00fdch obratl\u00edch m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt i k v\u00fdh\u0159ezu plot\u00e9nky. Nelze opomenout dopad na celkovou kapacitu plic \u2013 vzhledem k omezen\u00ed pru\u017enosti \u017eeber se omezuje hloubka dechu, vznik\u00e1 du\u0161nost, \u00fanava p\u0159i b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch denn\u00edch \u010dinnostech. L\u00e9\u010dba skoli\u00f3z je proto celo\u017eivotn\u00ed proces.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
N\u011bkdo se se zak\u0159ivenou p\u00e1te\u0159\u00ed narod\u00ed, jin\u00fd zas doplat\u00ed na nedostatek pohybu. Co je skoli\u00f3za a jak obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1 je jej\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dba, odpov\u00edd\u00e1 v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm rozhovoru […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":40218,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19137","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19137","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19137"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19137\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/40218"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19137"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19137"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19137"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}