{"id":19340,"date":"2015-01-14T10:11:52","date_gmt":"2015-01-14T09:11:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=19340"},"modified":"2015-01-15T08:20:57","modified_gmt":"2015-01-15T07:20:57","slug":"krnovsti-lekari-objevili-v-tele-zeny-unikatniho-parazita","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=19340","title":{"rendered":"Krnov\u0161t\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i objevili v t\u011ble \u017eeny unik\u00e1tn\u00edho parazita"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pozor na syrov\u00e9 maso. Rad\u011bji jezte jen \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b tepeln\u011b zpracovan\u00e9. \u017den\u011b na Krnovsku na\u0161li v t\u011ble \u010dervovit\u00e9ho parazita – ledvinovce ps\u00edho. Samice tohoto parazita m\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout d\u00e9lky a\u017e jednoho metru (foto parazita v \u010dl\u00e1nku). <\/strong><\/p>\n

ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto: Andrew Ratto \/ Flickr.com<\/em><\/p>\n

Unik\u00e1tn\u00ed objev u\u010dinili l\u00e9ka\u0159i nemocnice v Krnov\u011b na Brunt\u00e1lsku, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159i vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e sv\u00e9 pacientky na\u0161li deseticentimetrov\u00e9ho parazita. S nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed se jedn\u00e1 o ledvinovce ps\u00edho (Dioctophyme renale), jeho\u017e v\u00fdskyt dosud nebyl zaznamen\u00e1n v \u010cesku ani ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b. Jak se \u017eena nakazila, nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, na vin\u011b mohlo b\u00fdt nejsp\u00ed\u0161 \u0161patn\u011b tepeln\u011b zpracovan\u00e9 maso. Jin\u00e9 lidi ale sama nakazit nemohla.<\/p>\n

\u0160estasedmdes\u00e1tiletou pacientku p\u0159ivezla v listopadu do nemocnice sanitka, pot\u00e9 co se v jej\u00ed mo\u010di objevila krev. „V\u011bt\u0161inou, kdy\u017e je krev v mo\u010di, tak \u010dlov\u011bk uva\u017euje, \u017ee jde o n\u011bjak\u00fd kam\u00ednek, z\u00e1n\u011bt, eventu\u00e1ln\u011b i n\u00e1dor. Takov\u00fd n\u00e1lez ale nikdo ne\u010dekal,“ \u0159ekl Pulcer. P\u0159i proplachu mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e se venku objevil \u00fatvar vypadaj\u00edc\u00ed jako sra\u017eenina, av\u0161ak nezvykle pravideln\u00e9ho podlouhl\u00e9ho tvaru. P\u0159i bli\u017e\u0161\u00edm zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159 zjistil, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o \u017eiv\u00fd organismus \u010dervovit\u00e9ho tvaru krvav\u011b \u010derven\u00e9 barvy o d\u00e9lce deseti centimetr\u016f.<\/p>\n

L\u00e9ka\u0159i n\u00e1sledn\u011b ud\u011blali pacientce dal\u0161\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed. Mo\u010dov\u00fd m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159 prohl\u00e9dli miniaturn\u00ed kamerou. A uvnit\u0159 objevili dal\u0161\u00edho parazita p\u0159is\u00e1t\u00e9ho ke sliznici. Toho n\u00e1sledn\u011b odstranili chirurgicky. N\u00e1lezy putovaly na odd\u011blen\u00ed parazitologie Slezsk\u00e9 nemocnice v Opav\u011b a do N\u00e1rodn\u00ed referen\u010dn\u00ed laborato\u0159e pro tk\u00e1\u0148ov\u00e9 helmint\u00f3zy v Praze. Odborn\u00edci ur\u010dili, \u017ee jde s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed o ledvinovce ps\u00edho. Potvrdit to ale je\u0161t\u011b mus\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed testy.<\/p>\n

\"foto:<\/a>
foto: ledvinovec ps\u00ed<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

„U prvn\u00edho vzorku se nepoda\u0159ilo ur\u010dit pohlav\u00ed. U druh\u00e9ho, \u0161esticentimetrov\u00e9ho \u0161lo o nezralou sami\u010dku,“ \u0159ekl Pulcer. Odstr\u010dil \u0159ekl, \u017ee parazitologick\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed mo\u010di bylo negativn\u00ed, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 vaj\u00ed\u010dka se v n\u00ed nena\u0161la. Asi po dvou m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch byl podle l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f mo\u010dov\u00fd m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159 pacientky zcela zahojen\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Odstr\u010dil \u0159ekl, \u017ee ledvinovec ps\u00ed napad\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161inou pravou ledvinu. Tak tomu z\u0159ejm\u011b bylo i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b krnovsk\u00e9 pacientky. Z ledviny \u010derv mo\u010dovou trubic\u00ed putoval do m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e. \u017dena mo\u017en\u00e1 poci\u0165ovala pot\u00ed\u017ee, ale dokud neuvid\u011bla ve sv\u00e9 mo\u010di krev, nep\u0159ipou\u0161t\u011bla si je. Trp\u011bla nav\u00edc dal\u0161\u00edmi v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdmi zdravotn\u00edmi probl\u00e9my, na n\u011b\u017e p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika dny zem\u0159ela, ale kter\u00e9 s parazity nesouvisely.<\/p>\n

Jak dlouho mohli parazit\u00e9 v \u017een\u011b \u017e\u00edt, nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9. „\u017divotnost toho \u010derva je p\u011bt let,“ \u0159ekl Pulcer. Informace o parazitovi hledali l\u00e9ka\u0159i v literatu\u0159e i na internetu. I tam je jich ale poskrovnu. S ledvinovcem se nej\u010dast\u011bji setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed veterin\u00e1\u0159i, proto\u017ee kone\u010dn\u00fdm hostitelem b\u00fdvaj\u00ed psi.<\/p>\n

„Ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b je to ale rarita. Co se t\u00fd\u010de dostupn\u00e9 literatury, ve sv\u011bt\u011b je n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek popsan\u00fdch v\u00fdskyt\u016f, v\u011bt\u0161inou u zv\u00ed\u0159at v oblasti Kanady, Afriky, Asie, pota\u017emo ji\u017en\u00ed Evropy,“ \u0159ekl urolog.<\/p>\n

Nikoho dal\u0161\u00edho podle n\u011bj \u017eena nakazit nemohla. „Cyklus ledvinovce je velmi slo\u017eit\u00fd. Mus\u00ed tam b\u00fdt n\u011bkolik mezihostitel\u016f a \u010dlov\u011bk nebo zv\u00ed\u0159e je kone\u010dn\u00fd hostitel. Nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9, aby byla zdrojem n\u00e1kazy pro jin\u00e9 lidi,“ vysv\u011btlil l\u00e9ka\u0159.<\/p>\n

Z \u010deho se \u017eena nakazila, se u\u017e nejsp\u00ed\u0161 nikdy nezjist\u00ed. „M\u011bla r\u00e1da ryby, jak sladkovodn\u00ed, tak mo\u0159sk\u00e9, a s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed do\u0161lo k n\u00e1kaze p\u0159i po\u017eit\u00ed \u0161patn\u011b tepeln\u011b upraven\u00e9ho ryb\u00edho masa. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1me, \u017ee se nakazila mo\u0159skou rybou,“ \u0159ekl Pulcer. Milovn\u00edci su\u0161i ale mohou b\u00fdt klidn\u00ed: z tohoto pokrmu se \u017eena ur\u010dit\u011b nenakazila, l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016fm \u0159ekla, \u017ee su\u0161i nikdy nejedla.<\/p>\n

Tato n\u00e1kaza <\/strong>se vyskytuje v Severn\u00ed a Ji\u017en\u00ed Americe, Asii a ji\u017en\u00ed Evrop\u011b.<\/p>\n

P<\/strong>rvn\u00edm mezihostitelem jsou poto\u010dnice ra\u010d\u00ed, druh\u00fdm r\u016fzn\u00e9 ryby.\u00a0Hlavn\u00edm hostitelem je pes a jin\u00ed maso\u017eravci, ale tak\u00e9 r\u016fzn\u00ed b\u00fdlo\u017eravci a \u010dlov\u011bk.\u00a0Ledvinovec ps\u00ed je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed parazitick\u00e1 hl\u00edstice, d\u00e9lka t\u011bla samc\u016f se pohybuje od 14 do 45 cm, samice m\u011b\u0159\u00ed 20 \u2013 100 cm. T\u011blo cizopasn\u00edka je \u010derven\u00e9 barvy, nej\u010dast\u011bji napad\u00e1 ledviny kone\u010dn\u00e9ho hostitele. Vyskytuje se tak\u00e9 v mo\u010dovodech, v mo\u010dov\u00e9m m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159i, v mo\u010dov\u00e9 rou\u0159e. Dokonce byl i nalezen v j\u00e1trech, srdci a voln\u011b v b\u0159i\u0161n\u00ed dutin\u011b.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edznaky:<\/strong> posti\u017een\u00ed ledvin prob\u00edh\u00e1 pom\u011brn\u011b dlouho zcela bez p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f. Zji\u0161\u0165uje se vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed mo\u010dov\u00e9ho sedimentu, v n\u011bm\u017e se hledaj\u00ed vaj\u00ed\u010dka typick\u00e9ho tvaru. Pozd\u011bji se parazitace projev\u00ed krv\u00ed v mo\u010di, ledvinov\u00fdmi kolikami a ur\u00e9mi\u00ed (t\u011b\u017ekou poruchou funkce ledvin, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobuje hromad\u011bn\u00ed odpadn\u00edch l\u00e1tek v organismu). V\u011bt\u0161inou b\u00fdv\u00e1 napadena jen jedna ledvina, druh\u00e1 je pak obvykle zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00e1. Pokud se zdr\u017euj\u00ed ledvinovci v dutin\u011b b\u0159i\u0161n\u00ed, prob\u00edh\u00e1 parazit\u00f3za zpo\u010d\u00e1tku takt\u00e9\u017e bez p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, teprve po ur\u010dit\u00e9 dob\u011b se objevuj\u00ed zn\u00e1mky peritonitidy a po\u0161kozen\u00ed jater.<\/p>\n

L\u00e9\u010dba:<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e9\u010den\u00ed je prov\u00e1d\u011bno pouze chirurgicky.<\/p>\n

Prevence:<\/strong> Ps\u016fm je nutno zabr\u00e1nit v lovu a po\u017e\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed oboj\u017eiveln\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt paratenick\u00fdmi hostiteli cizopasn\u00edka a nikdy nesm\u00ed j\u00edst syrov\u00e9 ryb\u00ed maso.<\/p>\n

foto www.de.wikipedia.org<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pozor na syrov\u00e9 maso. Rad\u011bji jezte jen \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b tepeln\u011b zpracovan\u00e9. \u017den\u011b na Krnovsku na\u0161li v t\u011ble \u010dervovit\u00e9ho parazita – ledvinovce ps\u00edho. Samice tohoto parazita m\u016f\u017ee […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19341,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19340","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19340","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19340"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19340\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/19341"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19340"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19340"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19340"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}