{"id":19394,"date":"2015-01-17T08:37:49","date_gmt":"2015-01-17T07:37:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=19394"},"modified":"2015-01-19T07:06:32","modified_gmt":"2015-01-19T06:06:32","slug":"postizeny-ve-tride-deti-predsudky-nemaji","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=19394","title":{"rendered":"Posti\u017een\u00fd ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b? D\u011bti p\u0159edsudky nemaj\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Spole\u010dn\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed posti\u017een\u00fdch a zdrav\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed je podle Milo\u0161e Zemana nesmysl, kter\u00fd vymysleli ti, kdo \u0161kolstv\u00ed nerozum\u011bj\u00ed. Zku\u0161enosti rodi\u010d\u016f, d\u011bt\u00ed i u\u010ditel\u016f, kter\u00e9 MF DNES oslovila, hovo\u0159\u00ed o opaku.<\/strong><\/p>\n

ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto: Flickr.com<\/p>\n

„D\u011bti nemaj\u00ed p\u0159edsudky. A kdy\u017e se b\u011b\u017en\u011b potk\u00e1vaj\u00ed s posti\u017een\u00fdmi spolu\u017e\u00e1ky, tak si je ani nevytvo\u0159\u00ed,“ shoduj\u00ed se. <\/p>\n

Nejsem zast\u00e1ncem n\u00e1zoru, \u017ee by d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 jsou ur\u010dit\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem handicapovan\u00e9, m\u011bly b\u00fdt umis\u0165ov\u00e1ny do t\u0159\u00edd s nehandicapovan\u00fdmi \u017e\u00e1ky, proto\u017ee je to ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed pro ob\u011b skupiny. <\/p>\n

Matka syna s „downem“ Rodi\u010de t\u011b\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee se d\u011bti s\u017eily Dvaadvacetilet\u00fd Jaroslav Dz\u00far m\u00e1 Down\u016fv syndrom a za sebou dev\u011bt let v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kole. Tedy p\u0159esn\u011bji \u0159e\u010deno deset let \u2013 do prvn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy toti\u017e nastoupil nejprve v Kalifornii, kde jeho matce Dagmar nab\u00eddli ro\u010dn\u00ed st\u00e1\u017e na univerzit\u011b v Berkeley. „Jardovi tak komplikovalo n\u00e1stup do prvn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy jeho posti\u017een\u00ed i jazykov\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra. P\u0159esto jsme p\u0159i v\u00fduce nem\u011bli \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m,“ popisuje Dagmar Dz\u00farov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 je nyn\u00ed p\u0159edsedkyn\u00ed ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho sdru\u017een\u00ed DownSyndrom.cz. Po n\u00e1vratu do \u010ceska rodina op\u011bt st\u00e1la o to, aby syn chodil do b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u0161koly v m\u00edst\u011b bydli\u0161t\u011b. A d\u00edky p\u0159\u00edstupu pra\u017esk\u00e9 Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly \u010cerven\u00fd vrch se to poda\u0159ilo. „\u0160kola m\u00e1 specializaci na matematiku a fyziku. Ale pan\u00ed \u0159editelka vyzn\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00e1zor, \u017ee \u0161kola je pro v\u0161echny d\u011bti,“ popisuje matka. <\/p>\n

Jaroslav tak v\u017edy prob\u00edral stejnou l\u00e1tku jako jeho spolu\u017e\u00e1ci \u2013 jen m\u011bl individu\u00e1ln\u00ed osnovy, d\u00edky kter\u00fdm se v\u0161e dozv\u00eddal ve zjednodu\u0161en\u00e9 podob\u011b. „Kdy\u017e se ostatn\u00ed u\u010dili t\u0159eba o kyselin\u011b s\u00edrov\u00e9, on se o n\u00ed u\u010dil taky. S ostatn\u00edmi d\u011btmi m\u011bl tedy stejn\u00e9 t\u00e9ma,“ l\u00ed\u010d\u00ed Dz\u00farov\u00e1. Za cel\u00fdch dev\u011bt let se p\u0159itom nesetkala s t\u00edm, \u017ee by jej\u00edmu synovi nebo j\u00ed n\u011bkdo vy\u010d\u00edtal, \u017ee zdr\u017euje ostatn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

„Ano, d\u011bti \u0159\u00edkaly, on je posti\u017een\u00fd. Ale nemyslely to nijak zle. O n\u011bkom \u0159ekly, \u017ee je mal\u00fd, o jin\u00e9m, \u017ee je pihovat\u00fd, o Jardovi, \u017ee je posti\u017een\u00fd. Nebylo v tom nic negativn\u00edho,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1. A rodi\u010de spolu\u017e\u00e1k\u016f? „Ti za mnou n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t p\u0159i\u0161li p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed, s jakou samoz\u0159ejmost\u00ed spolu d\u011bti komunikuj\u00ed. Dosp\u011bl\u00ed \u010dasto \u0159\u00edkali, \u017ee nem\u011bli nikdy p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost zjistit, jak takto posti\u017een\u00ed lid\u00e9 \u017eij\u00ed. A \u017ee to d\u00edky sv\u00fdm d\u011btem nyn\u00ed zji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed,“ vysv\u011btluje matka, jej\u00ed\u017e syn nyn\u00ed pokra\u010duje na dvoulet\u00e9 praktick\u00e9 st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kole. (taz) <\/p>\n

\u017dena s handicapem D\u00edky b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u0161kole pracuji „Kdybych nechodila do b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly, nikdy bych nemohla studovat psychologii, p\u0159ekl\u00e1dat, pracovat jako personalistka, v\u011bnovat se hudb\u011b. Vlastn\u011b mo\u017en\u00e1 bych ani nebyla schopn\u00e1 v\u00e9st s v\u00e1mi tento rozhovor,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u010dty\u0159icetilet\u00e1 Hana Sheala Grygarov\u00e1 trp\u00edc\u00ed svalovou dystrofi\u00ed. Dodnes je vd\u011b\u010dn\u00e1 sv\u00e9 matce, kter\u00e1 ji „prorvala“ na norm\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kolu. <\/p>\n

Cht\u011bla, aby dcera mohla \u017e\u00edt plnohodnotn\u00fd \u017eivot, co\u017e se j\u00ed vyplnilo, i kdy\u017e za socialismu inkluze je\u0161t\u011b nebyla ide\u00e1ln\u00ed. Posti\u017een\u00e9 d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 pro\u0161ly \u00fastavn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed, maj\u00ed podle Grygarov\u00e9 men\u0161\u00ed \u0161anci. „I kdy\u017e m\u016fj zdravotn\u00ed stav nen\u00ed dobr\u00fd, m\u00e1m dovednosti pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pro trh pr\u00e1ce. D\u00edky tomu, \u017ee jsem nebyla odtr\u017een\u00e1 od zdrav\u00fdch, m\u00e1m kontakty, um\u00edm se zdrav\u00fdmi lidmi komunikovat a pracovat a oni um\u011bj\u00ed pracovat se mnou. Zdrav\u00ed lid\u00e9 jsou m\u00fdmi z\u00e1kazn\u00edky, kolegy, partnery,“ popisuje v otev\u0159en\u00e9m dopise, kter\u00fd adresovala prezidentovi Milo\u0161i Zemanovi. A vzk\u00e1zala mu: „Dokud nep\u0159ijde n\u011bjak\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk a z pozice moci n\u00e1s neodtrhne, dok\u00e1\u017eeme podobn\u011b fungovat v\u0161ichni.“ (brm) <\/p>\n

\u0158editel \u0161koly D\u011bti se o integraci postaraj\u00ed „Pokud nejsou ve \u0161kole podm\u00ednky, m\u016f\u017ee jedno integrovan\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b zkomplikovat vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed cel\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy. A m\u016f\u017ee se st\u00e1t, \u017ee posti\u017een\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b se bude v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kole tr\u00e1pit,“ p\u0159ipou\u0161t\u00ed \u0159editel Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly Stoli\u0148sk\u00e1 v pra\u017esk\u00fdch Horn\u00edch Po\u010dernic\u00edch Martin B\u0159ezina. Hned v\u0161ak dod\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee u\u010dit d\u011bti komunikovat s druh\u00fdmi bez ohledu na posti\u017een\u00ed je pot\u0159eba. A ne\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 to jen teoreticky \u2013 jeho \u0161kola toti\u017e p\u0159ed lety rozjela spolupr\u00e1ci se sdru\u017een\u00edm Paprsek, kde se staraj\u00ed o handicapovan\u00e9 d\u011bti. „Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku to bylo neskute\u010dn\u011b obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9. Nikdo nev\u011bd\u011bl, jak se m\u00e1 chovat.<\/p>\n

V\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1s pedagog\u016f. Po \u010dty\u0159ech letech ale vznikla mezi d\u011btmi pevn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed: spole\u010dn\u011b pracuj\u00ed ve v\u00fdtvarn\u00fdch d\u00edln\u00e1ch, sportuj\u00ed, pro\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9 aktivity. A nikdo ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee n\u011bjak\u00e9 posti\u017een\u00ed existuje. N\u00e1s dosp\u011bl\u00fdch najednou nen\u00ed t\u0159eba, d\u011bti si v\u0161e organizuj\u00ed samy. To je skute\u010dn\u00e1 inkluze! Spont\u00e1nn\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 \u2013 my jsme jen poskytli p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost k setk\u00e1n\u00ed,“ popisuje B\u0159ezina. A pr\u00e1v\u011b to je podle n\u011bj pot\u0159eba. „D\u011bti toti\u017e p\u0159edsudky nemaj\u00ed,“ dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Martin B\u0159ezina. (taz) <\/p>\n

Matka autisty Volala jsem na Hrad T\u0159in\u00e1ctilet\u00fd Ken z Pardubic m\u00e1 p\u011bt let diagnostikovan\u00fd autismus. Navzdory probl\u00e9m\u016fm s komunikac\u00ed a soci\u00e1ln\u00edmi vztahy v\u0161ak po celou dobu nav\u0161t\u011bvuje b\u011b\u017enou z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kolu v Polabin\u00e1ch I. \u017de by ho n\u011bkdo \u0161ikanoval? Nesmysl, shoduje se jeho matka Hana Packard Haas s \u0159editelkou \u0161koly. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku v\u0161ak bylo pot\u0159eba sehnat jinou lavici a prov\u00e9st n\u011bkolik \u00faprav t\u0159\u00eddy, aby se Ken mohl soust\u0159edit a pracovat. S Kenem je ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b st\u00e1le tak\u00e9 asistentka, kter\u00e1 mu pom\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u0159eklenout pot\u00ed\u017ee. A jin\u00e1 omezen\u00ed? Vlastn\u011b jen drobnost: chlapec \u0161patn\u011b sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e9 zvuky a n\u00e1hl\u00fd hluk, proto je osvobozen od t\u011blesn\u00e9 i hudebn\u00ed v\u00fdchovy. „Jdu si ob\u010das sednout do t\u0159\u00eddy a vid\u00edm, \u017ee za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed prosp\u00edv\u00e1 i ostatn\u00edm d\u011btem, nau\u010d\u00ed se toti\u017e chovat k n\u011bkomu, kdo je jin\u00fd ne\u017e oni,“ popisuje matka. Prezidentova st\u0159ede\u010dn\u00ed slova o odd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed handicapovan\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed ji proto roz\u010d\u00edlila. A sv\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti cht\u011bla Zemanovi popsat. „Volala jsem kv\u016fli tomu i jeho mluv\u010d\u00edmu, ale nedovolala jsem se,“ zlob\u00ed se \u017eena. <\/p>\n

Co tak\u00e9 \u0159ekl Zeman o posti\u017een\u00fdch d\u011btech: Nejpomalej\u0161\u00ed vozidlo brzd\u00ed ostatn\u00ed „Z hlediska du\u0161evn\u00ed pohody je daleko lep\u0161\u00ed, kdy\u017e budou existovat praktick\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy. V\u016fbec se mi inkluze nel\u00edb\u00ed a jsem proti n\u00ed.“ „Mohl bych mluvit o tom, \u017ee rychlost kolony je ur\u010dena rychlost\u00ed nejpomalej\u0161\u00edho vozidla.“ „Nen\u00ed to \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd rasismus ani preference n\u011bjak\u00e9 etnick\u00e9 skupiny, ale d\u011bti jsou daleko \u0161\u0165astn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, kdy\u017e jsou v rovnocenn\u00e9 komunit\u011b.“ „Kdy\u017e jsou d\u011bti takzvan\u011b integrov\u00e1ny, tak jsou samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ob\u011bt\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9ho pohrd\u00e1n\u00ed, \u0161ikany. Hrozn\u011b miluju multikulturalismus, kter\u00fd si vymysleli bl\u00e1zniv\u00ed intelektu\u00e1lov\u00e9 pra\u017esk\u00e9 kav\u00e1rny, kte\u0159\u00ed nikdy nebyli ve \u0161kole nebo do n\u00ed nakoukli jen na p\u016fl hodiny.“ Pozn.: Prezidentovy v\u00fdroky na n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b Rehabilita\u010dn\u00edho \u00fastavu v Brand\u00fdse nad Labem <\/p>\n

Fakta Integrace posti\u017een\u00fdch <\/strong>* \u010cesko je k za\u010dle\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed s posti\u017een\u00edm do hlavn\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho proudu zav\u00e1z\u00e1no \u00damluvou o pr\u00e1vech osob se zdravotn\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm i Evropskou uni\u00ed. * P\u0159esto st\u00e1le velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st d\u011bt\u00ed nav\u0161t\u011bvuje z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly praktick\u00e9 nej\u010dast\u011bji pro \u017e\u00e1ky s lehkou ment\u00e1ln\u00ed retardac\u00ed) \u010di z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly speci\u00e1ln\u00ed (pro d\u011bti se st\u0159edn\u011b t\u011b\u017ekou a t\u011b\u017ekou ment\u00e1ln\u00ed retardac\u00ed) nebo speci\u00e1ln\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy, kter\u00e9 mohou vzniknout na praktick\u00e9 i b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 Z\u0160. * Ve \u0161koln\u00edm roce 2013\/2014 chodilo 43 352 \u017e\u00e1k\u016f se zdravotn\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm do b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch t\u0159\u00edd, 30 277 jich nav\u0161t\u011bvovalo speci\u00e1ln\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy. Pro srovn\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad ve \u0161koln\u00edm roce 2008\/2009 byl je\u0161t\u011b pom\u011br 34 350 (integrovan\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed) ku 38 504. * V b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b m\u00e1 podle vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky b\u00fdt nejv\u00fd\u0161e p\u011bt posti\u017een\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. * P\u0159i v\u00fduce pom\u00e1haj\u00ed asistenti, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou dvoj\u00edho druhu. Asistenta pedagoga plat\u00ed \u0161kola, osobn\u00edho asistenta naj\u00edmaj\u00ed rodi\u010de. * Plat asistenta pedagoga se podle z\u00e1kona pohybuje od 9 550 po 22 050 korun. Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, v jak n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed pracuje. V praxi asistenti v\u011bt\u0161inou dos\u00e1hnou na nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed plat a tak\u00e9 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nikdy nepracuj\u00ed na pln\u00fd \u00favazek. Osobn\u00ed asistent dost\u00e1v\u00e1 plat takov\u00fd, na kter\u00e9m se dohodne s rodi\u010di.<\/p>\n

Mf dnes<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Spole\u010dn\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed posti\u017een\u00fdch a zdrav\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed je podle Milo\u0161e Zemana nesmysl, kter\u00fd vymysleli ti, kdo \u0161kolstv\u00ed nerozum\u011bj\u00ed. Zku\u0161enosti rodi\u010d\u016f, d\u011bt\u00ed i u\u010ditel\u016f, kter\u00e9 MF DNES […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14680,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19394","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19394","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19394"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19394\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14680"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19394"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19394"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19394"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}