{"id":19557,"date":"2015-01-27T13:57:27","date_gmt":"2015-01-27T12:57:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=19557"},"modified":"2015-01-27T13:57:27","modified_gmt":"2015-01-27T12:57:27","slug":"skola-kde-zalezi-na-piktogramech-bez-nich-se-mnozi-zaci-neobejdou","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=19557","title":{"rendered":"\u0160kola, kde z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na piktogramech. Bez nich se mnoz\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ci neobejdou"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jak se li\u0161\u00ed v\u00fduka v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 a v praktick\u00e9 \u0161kole? Byli jsme se pod\u00edvat na Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kole kpt. Vajdy v Ostrav\u011b-Z\u00e1b\u0159ehu, kde se u\u010d\u00ed d\u011bti s lehk\u00fdm, st\u0159edn\u011b t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm a\u017e hlubok\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm. „Mnoz\u00ed si \u010dasto mysl\u00ed, \u017ee m\u00e1me v oknech m\u0159\u00ed\u017ee. Tak to v\u016fbec nen\u00ed. V\u00fduka je ale \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e1 ne\u017e na b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 z\u00e1kladce,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u0159editel \u0161koly Rostislav Galia.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Poj\u010fte. Jsme fakultn\u00ed \u0161kolou, vysoko\u0161kol\u00e1ci sem chod\u00ed na praxe. D\u011bcka jsou zvykl\u00e1, \u017ee se p\u0159ijde ob\u010das n\u011bkdo pod\u00edvat,“ usm\u00edv\u00e1 se \u0159editel Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly kpt. Vajdy v Ostrav\u011b-Z\u00e1b\u0159ehu Rostislav Galia.<\/p>\n

Polovinu \u0161koly tvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kola speci\u00e1ln\u00ed, kde se u\u010d\u00ed d\u011bti se st\u0159edn\u011b t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm a\u017e hlubok\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm, druhou polovinu tvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kola praktick\u00e1, tedy b\u00fdval\u00e1 zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, kam chod\u00ed d\u011bti s lehk\u00fdm ment\u00e1ln\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm. „M\u00e1me i rehabilita\u010dn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy s t\u011b\u017ece posti\u017een\u00fdmi d\u011btmi, t\u0159eba s voz\u00ed\u010dk\u00e1\u0159i, a jedno p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 p\u016fjdou do z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly speci\u00e1ln\u00ed. Do b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u0161kolky chodit nemohly,“ vysv\u011btluje Galia.<\/p>\n

Viktorka, J\u016flie a Honz\u00edk. Za rok p\u016fjdou do prvn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy, ani jeden z nich ale nemluv\u00ed. „Viktorka m\u00e1 svou \u0159e\u010d. Zvl\u00e1dne \u201aViki, Viki\u2018 nebo \u201amami, mami\u2018. Honz\u00edk jenom opakuje,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 z\u00e1stupkyn\u011b \u0159editele Hana V\u00e1clav\u00edkov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

U trojice d\u011bt\u00ed se projevuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy posti\u017een\u00ed: porucha autistick\u00e9ho spektra i st\u0159edn\u011b t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 ment\u00e1ln\u00ed posti\u017een\u00ed. „U J\u016flinky je to d\u011btsk\u00e1 mozkov\u00e1 obrna,“ poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 V\u00e1clav\u00edkov\u00e1. U\u010ditelky, kter\u00e9 se \u0161kol\u00e1k\u016fm v\u011bnuj\u00ed, proto vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed alternativn\u00ed komunikaci \u2013 d\u011btem zp\u00edvaj\u00ed a tak\u00e9 s nimi tancuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V cel\u00e9 \u0161kole je 170 d\u011bt\u00ed, 29 u\u010ditel\u016f a 10 asistent\u016f pedagoga. Asistent je rovnocenn\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk pedagogovi. „V ka\u017ed\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b je v\u017edy u\u010ditel a jeho asistent,“ popisuje \u0159editel.<\/p>\n

Na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kole speci\u00e1ln\u00ed, kde jsou d\u011bti s t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm ment\u00e1ln\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm, je \u010dtrn\u00e1ct t\u0159\u00edd. V ka\u017ed\u00e9 mus\u00ed b\u00fdt maxim\u00e1ln\u011b \u0161est \u017e\u00e1k\u016f. „Vietnamsk\u00fd chlapec je ve \u0161kole v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fd. Vietnamsk\u00e9 komunit\u011b jde velmi o vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed, zat\u00edmco u romsk\u00fdch rodin je to jin\u00e9 \u2013 \u0161kola nen\u00ed na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b jejich \u017eeb\u0159\u00ed\u010dku hodnot. K romsk\u00fdm d\u011btem ale p\u0159istupujeme jako k ostatn\u00edm. V\u011bnujeme se jim, za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ten sam\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch. Jsou tady spokojen\u00e9,“ popisuje Galia.<\/p>\n

Vch\u00e1z\u00edme do p\u00e1t\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy, kde se u\u010d\u00ed d\u011bti s lehk\u00fdm ment\u00e1ln\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm. T\u0159i kluci a dv\u011b d\u00edvky zrovna maj\u00ed v\u00fdtvarnou v\u00fdchovu. Daniel ukazuje, co namaloval, zat\u00edmco dvan\u00e1ctilet\u00e1 S\u00e1ra s o rok mlad\u0161\u00ed Rosalindou skl\u00e1daj\u00ed puzzle. „Pod pojmem v\u00fduka si lid\u00e9 p\u0159edstav\u00ed n\u00e1sobilku a vyjmenovan\u00e1 slova. Ve speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161kole je to ale n\u011bco \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e9ho. D\u011bti se u\u010d\u00ed praktick\u00e9 v\u011bci, t\u0159eba jak stolovat,“ vysv\u011btluje Galia. „Vyu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1me v bloc\u00edch. Hodiny lze nat\u00e1hnout nebo spojit. U\u010ditel\u00e9 tak reaguj\u00ed na pot\u0159eby d\u011bt\u00ed. Kdy\u017e jsou unaven\u00e9, v\u011bnuj\u00ed se pohybov\u00fdm aktivit\u00e1m nebo si opakuj\u00ed.“ Na chodb\u00e1ch vid\u00edme r\u016fzn\u00e9 piktogramy, co\u017e jsou obr\u00e1zky zn\u00e1zor\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty a \u010dinnosti. Pt\u00e1me se, k \u010demu slou\u017e\u00ed. „Jsou z\u00e1kladem pr\u00e1ce s autistick\u00fdmi d\u011btmi,“ odpov\u00edd\u00e1 z\u00e1stupkyn\u011b. „Piktogram je pro n\u011b v\u00edc ne\u017e slovo. Kdy\u017e vid\u00ed obr\u00e1zek, tak v\u00ed, co bude. To je pro autisty d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9. Musej\u00ed m\u00edt p\u0159esn\u00fd rozvrh dne. Bez toho by nebyli schopni fungovat. Kdy\u017e jim n\u011bkdo naru\u0161\u00ed pravidelnost, mohou dostat z\u00e1chvat, b\u00fdt agresivn\u00ed nebo nezvladateln\u00ed. Jak\u00e1koli zm\u011bna je pro n\u011b nep\u0159ijateln\u00e1.“<\/p>\n

Asi \u0161edes\u00e1t procent d\u011bt\u00ed z t\u00e9to \u0161koly nakonec ukon\u010d\u00ed tak\u00e9 st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kolu. Z d\u00edvek jsou kucha\u0159ky, cukr\u00e1\u0159ky, pe\u010dovatelky, kluci chod\u00ed na stavebn\u00ed u\u010dili\u0161t\u011b. Jsou z nich stola\u0159i, tesa\u0159i, z\u00e1me\u010dn\u00edci. „Kolik se jich potom chytne, to bohu\u017eel nev\u00edme. D\u011bti s t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm chod\u00ed bu\u010f na jednolet\u00e9, nebo dvoulet\u00e9 u\u010debn\u00ed obory, t\u0159eba na obor ko\u0161\u00edk\u00e1\u0159. Potom pracuj\u00ed v chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch d\u00edln\u00e1ch,“ p\u0159ibli\u017euje Galia. Zapojen\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed s lehk\u00fdm ment\u00e1ln\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm do b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u0161kol vid\u00ed jako probl\u00e9mov\u00e9. „D\u011bti se n\u00e1m pak \u010dasto vracej\u00ed, proto\u017ee nest\u00edhaj\u00ed. Nikdo tam na n\u011b nem\u00e1 \u010das. \u010casto pak za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b od nuly. A zbyte\u010dn\u011b,“ dod\u00e1v\u00e1 na z\u00e1v\u011br na\u0161i n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy.<\/p>\n

Petra Bart\u00edkov\u00e1, redaktorka MF DNES<\/p>\n

Mlad\u00e1 fronta DNES<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jak se li\u0161\u00ed v\u00fduka v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 a v praktick\u00e9 \u0161kole? Byli jsme se pod\u00edvat na Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kole kpt. Vajdy v Ostrav\u011b-Z\u00e1b\u0159ehu, kde se u\u010d\u00ed d\u011bti […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18794,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19557","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19557","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19557"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19557\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/18794"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19557"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19557"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19557"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}