Mnoz\u00ed schizofrenici by mo\u017en\u00e1 touto t\u011b\u017ekou du\u0161evn\u00ed nemoc\u00ed netrp\u011bli, kdyby se nemazlili s ko\u010di\u010d\u00edmi mil\u00e1\u010dky. Pra\u017e\u0161t\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i toti\u017e zjistili, \u017ee za vznikem schizofrenie u lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed k n\u00ed maj\u00ed genetick\u00e9 vlohy, m\u016f\u017ee p\u016fvodce b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1kazy ko\u010dek. \/foto ko\u010dky s zjevn\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edznaky toxoplasmozy\/<\/p>\n
Propuknut\u00ed schizofrenie by lid\u00e9 s genetickou vlohou k t\u00e9to t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 du\u0161evn\u00ed nemoci mohli zabr\u00e1nit t\u00edm, \u017ee se budou vyh\u00fdbat ko\u010dk\u00e1m. Vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 to z objevu v\u011bdc\u016f z Psychiatrick\u00e9ho centra Praha. Zjistili, \u017ee za zm\u011bny na mozku typick\u00e9 pro lidi s genetickou vlohou ke schizofrenii m\u016f\u017ee vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 p\u016fsoben\u00ed t\u00e9to vlohy a infekce toxoplazm\u00f3zy, kterou ko\u010dky p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed.<\/p>\n
P\u016fvodce toxoplazm\u00f3zy (Toxoplasma gondii) je velmi roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd parazit, kter\u00fdm je infikov\u00e1na t\u0159etina lidstva. Doposud to v\u0161ak bylo z medic\u00ednsk\u00e9ho hlediska pova\u017eov\u00e1no za nev\u00fdznamn\u00fd fakt.<\/p>\n
„N\u00e1\u0161 v\u00fdzkum jasn\u011b uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee za morfologick\u00e9 zm\u011bny, kter\u00e9 se v\u0161ude po sv\u011bt\u011b v mozc\u00edch nemocn\u00fdch schizofreni\u00ed nach\u00e1zej\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee interakce infekce toxoplazm\u00f3zy s mozkem \u010dlov\u011bka s genetickou vlohou ke schizofrenii,“ \u0159ekl profesor Hor\u00e1\u010dek z t\u00fdmu v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n
Objev publikoval loni v presti\u017en\u00edm sv\u011btov\u00e9m v\u011bdeck\u00e9m \u010dasopisu World Journal of biological psychiatry a nyn\u00ed je tato \u010desk\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9ho pozn\u00e1n\u00ed o schizofrenii.<\/p>\n
V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci z Psychiatrick\u00e9ho centra Praha se nyn\u00ed sna\u017e\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00fd n\u00e1lez potvrdit a objasnit mechanismy, kter\u00fdmi tato infekce vede ke zm\u011bn\u00e1m v \u0161ed\u00e9 hmot\u011b mozkov\u00e9 u lid\u00ed s genetickou vlohou ke schizofrenii.<\/p>\n
V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b potvrzen\u00ed n\u00e1lezu by se podle profesora otev\u0159elo n\u011bkolik nov\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed, jak p\u0159edch\u00e1zet devastuj\u00edc\u00edm zm\u011bn\u00e1m na mozku u nemocn\u00fdch. Vedle vyh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se ko\u010dk\u00e1m by se tak\u00e9 dalo p\u016fsoben\u00ed toxoplazm\u00f3zy na \u0161edou hmotu mozku zabr\u00e1nit n\u011bkter\u00fdmi nov\u00fdmi l\u00e9ky.<\/p>\n
V prvn\u00ed f\u00e1zi v\u00fdzkumu v\u011bdci z laborato\u0159\u00ed Psychiatrick\u00e9ho centra aplikovali potkan\u016fm do mozku l\u00e1tku, kter\u00e1 vznik\u00e1 p\u0159i imunitn\u00ed odpov\u011bdi na infekci, pot\u00e9 testovali n\u011bkter\u00e9 reakce, kter\u00e9 jsou naru\u0161eny p\u0159i schizofrenii.<\/p>\n
Uk\u00e1zalo se, \u017ee tyto p\u016fsobky, kter\u00e9 se uplat\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159i imunitn\u00edm procesu, vedou u potkana k podobn\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m chov\u00e1n\u00ed, jako l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed schizofrenn\u00ed stavy.<\/p>\n
Navazuj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1lez profesora Hor\u00e1\u010dka z t\u00fdmu v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee m\u011bl skupinu zdrav\u00fdch lid\u00ed a skupinu schizofrenik\u016f, a tuto skupinu rozd\u011blil je\u0161t\u011b podle toho, zda maj\u00ed nebo nemaj\u00ed protil\u00e1tky proti toxoplazm\u00f3ze. Takto zjevn\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm se toxoplasmoza projevuje u lid\u00ed i u ko\u010dek pom\u011brn\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00e9. Cysty toxoplasmy v\u011bt\u0161inou nezp\u016fsobuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 obt\u00ed\u017ee a hostitel o sv\u00e9m probl\u00e9mu ani nev\u00ed. A tak m\u016f\u017ee t\u00edmto parazitem snadno infikovat dal\u0161\u00ed jedince.<\/p>\n Jak se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed?<\/strong> Samotn\u00e9 naka\u017een\u00ed cystami Toxoplasmy gondii je pom\u011brn\u011b \u010dast\u00e9 \u2013 v \u010cesku je j\u00ed naka\u017eena asi t\u0159etina populace.<\/p>\n invArena<\/p>\n MUDr. Jan \u010cin\u010dura<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Mnoz\u00ed schizofrenici by mo\u017en\u00e1 touto t\u011b\u017ekou du\u0161evn\u00ed nemoc\u00ed netrp\u011bli, kdyby se nemazlili s ko\u010di\u010d\u00edmi mil\u00e1\u010dky. Pra\u017e\u0161t\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i toti\u017e zjistili, \u017ee za vznikem schizofrenie u lid\u00ed, […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1976,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1957","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1957","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1957"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1957\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1976"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1957"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1957"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1957"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n
\nJak se projevuje? <\/strong>
\nToxoplazm\u00f3za se v\u011bt\u0161inou obejde bez p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, pokud n\u011bjak\u00e9 ko\u010dka nebo \u010dlov\u011bk m\u00e1, m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ipom\u00ednat vir\u00f3zu \u010di ang\u00ednu. U nemocn\u00e9ho se m\u016f\u017ee objevovat hore\u010dka, bolesti sval\u016f, bolesti hlavy, \u00fanava, poruchy sp\u00e1nku, zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00ed m\u00edzn\u00edch uzlin. Krom\u011b p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f fyzick\u00fdch m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt toxoplazm\u00f3za i psychick\u00e9 projevy \u2013 Toxoplasma gondii je \u201enaprogramov\u00e1na\u201c tak, aby p\u0159inutila sv\u00e9ho mezihositele (tedy nej\u010dast\u011bji my\u0161) nechat se se\u017erat tzv. definitivn\u00edm hostitelem (tedy nej\u010dast\u011bji ko\u010dkou). Rozmno\u017euje se tedy v t\u011ble hostitele a jej\u00edm c\u00edlem je napadnout a ovlivnit nervovou soustavu. Napaden\u00e9mu tak utlum\u00ed reakce \u2013 je m\u00e9n\u011b pohotov\u00fd, pomalu reaguje, pohybuje se \u201ejako ve snu\u201c. M\u016f\u017ee nep\u0159\u00edmo v\u00e9st k psychick\u00fdm poruch\u00e1m, ovlivn\u011bn\u00ed hodnoty IQ, ovlivn\u011bn\u00ed tzv. \u201evoln\u00edch vlastnost\u00ed\u201c, vlastnost\u00ed z\u00e1visej\u00edc\u00edch na v\u016fli \u010dlov\u011bka, ke schizofrenii i dal\u0161\u00edm opsychick\u00fdm poruch\u00e1m.<\/p>\n
\nCysty toxoplasmy se do lidsk\u00e9ho t\u011bla dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou s potravou \u2013 tedy poz\u0159en\u00edm infikovan\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, \u010dasto se jedn\u00e1 o syrov\u00e9 \u010di tepeln\u011b \u0161patn\u011b upraven\u00e9 maso. V rizikov\u00e9 skupin\u011b jsou lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed chovaj\u00ed ko\u010dky. Nen\u00ed t\u0159eba ale propadat panice, jen je t\u0159eba b\u00fdt obez\u0159etn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159i manipulaci (pozor p\u0159i \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u201eko\u010di\u010d\u00edho z\u00e1chodu\u201c, zemina m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt kontaminovan\u00e1) a kontaktu s infikovan\u00fdm zv\u00ed\u0159etem. Je t\u0159eba dodr\u017eovat hygienick\u00e9 z\u00e1sady. Zjevn\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edznaky onemocn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edmi vir\u00f3zu nej\u010dast\u011bji trp\u00ed lid\u00e9 s oslabenou imunitou, sta\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9, \u017eeny a d\u011bti.<\/p>\n