{"id":20353,"date":"2015-03-11T10:17:58","date_gmt":"2015-03-11T09:17:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=20353"},"modified":"2015-03-11T10:17:58","modified_gmt":"2015-03-11T09:17:58","slug":"az-petinu-lidi-v-ceske-republice-trapi-hyperaktivni-mocovy-mechyr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=20353","title":{"rendered":"A\u017e p\u011btinu lid\u00ed v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice tr\u00e1p\u00ed hyperaktivn\u00ed mo\u010dov\u00fd m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Syndrom hyperaktivn\u00edho mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e (OAB) je diagn\u00f3za, kter\u00e1 postihuje odhadem 100 milion\u016f lid\u00ed celosv\u011btov\u011b. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice se s n\u00edm pot\u00fdk\u00e1 a\u017e p\u011btina obyvatel. Projevuje se \u010dast\u00fdm a neodbytn\u00fdm pocitem pot\u0159eby mo\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00fd p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed velmi n\u00e1hle, a to a\u017e 8 i v\u00edcekr\u00e1t denn\u011b, a nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 ho potla\u010dit.<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159esto\u017ee onemocn\u011bn\u00ed nem\u00e1 v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd dopad na zdrav\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka, v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem ovliv\u0148uje kvalitu ka\u017edodenn\u00edho \u017eivota. Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 medic\u00edna nab\u00edz\u00ed \u0159adu l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed, pacienti v\u0161ak v mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech nevyhledaj\u00ed pomoc l\u00e9ka\u0159e kv\u016fli studu.<\/p>\n<p>&#8222;Urgence&#8220; postihuje \u017eeny i mu\u017ee<\/p>\n<p>Podle Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti pro kontinenci (ICS) je jako hyperaktivn\u00ed mo\u010dov\u00fd m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159 ozna\u010dov\u00e1n soubor p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f dysfunkce doln\u00edch mo\u010dov\u00fdch cest. Z\u00e1kladn\u00edm projevem je tzv. urgence, tedy akutn\u00ed pocit na mo\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00fd nelze p\u0159ekonat. Ten se u pacient\u016f posti\u017een\u00fdch OAB objevuje 8 a v\u00edcekr\u00e1t za den a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt doprov\u00e1zen necht\u011bn\u00fdm \u00fanikem mo\u010di.<\/p>\n<p>Celosv\u011btov\u011b se odhaduje, \u017ee probl\u00e9m postihuje 100 milion\u016f lid\u00ed. Jen v \u010cR tr\u00e1p\u00ed syndrom hyperaktivn\u00edho mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e a\u017e p\u011btinu obyvatel. &#8222;V b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 populaci nad 40 let dosahuje v\u00fdskyt OAB p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 18 %, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se zvy\u0161uje s v\u011bkem a u osob nad 75 let se pohybuje v rozmez\u00ed 31-42 %. Nemoc postihuje do \u0161edes\u00e1tky \u010dast\u011bji \u017eeny, pot\u00e9 se ale pom\u011br \u017een a mu\u017e\u016f vyrovn\u00e1v\u00e1 a pozd\u011bji p\u0159evl\u00e1d\u00e1 u mu\u017e\u016f,&#8220; popisuje MUDr. Vlasta Vyhn\u00e1nkov\u00e1, Ph.D., z Urologick\u00e9 kliniky FN Brno.<\/p>\n<p>Syndrom OAB bere \u017eivot &#8211; p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny mohou b\u00fdt zn\u00e1m\u00e9 i nezn\u00e1m\u00e9<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00ed\u010diny hyperaktivn\u00edho mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e mohou b\u00fdt r\u016fznorod\u00e9. \u0158ad\u00edme mezi n\u011b nap\u0159\u00edklad neurologick\u00e9 poruchy, c\u00e9vn\u00ed mozkov\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed mo\u010dov\u00e9 trubice, chronick\u00e9 \u010di opakovan\u00e9 z\u00e1n\u011bty mo\u010dov\u00fdch cest, nespr\u00e1vn\u00fd pitn\u00fd re\u017eim a nezdrav\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00ed styl. \u010casto se nepoda\u0159\u00ed prim\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu rozvoje onemocn\u011bn\u00ed odhalit, a tak se p\u0159istupuje k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, tzn. hlavn\u011b urgence. K rozvoji hyperaktivn\u00edho mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 hned n\u011bkolik rizikov\u00fdch faktor\u016f. Mimo st\u00e1rnut\u00ed se jedn\u00e1 o obezitu, opakovan\u00e9 infekce mo\u010dov\u00fdch cest, zv\u00fd\u0161enou konzumaci alkoholu a kofeinu, kou\u0159en\u00ed, u \u017een i po\u010det porod\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159esto\u017ee se nejedn\u00e1 o z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem zasahuje do pracovn\u00edho a soci\u00e1ln\u00edho \u017eivota \u010dlov\u011bka. Pacienti s hyperaktivn\u00edm mo\u010dov\u00fdm m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159em \u010dasto omezuj\u00ed sv\u00e9 aktivity, vyh\u00fdbaj\u00ed se cestov\u00e1n\u00ed, spole\u010densk\u00e9mu \u017eivotu a volno\u010dasov\u00fdm \u010dinnostem. Sv\u016fj ka\u017edodenn\u00ed program pl\u00e1nuj\u00ed dop\u0159edu, aby v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b urgence m\u011bli mo\u017enost zaj\u00edt si rychle na toaletu. N\u011bkdy onemocn\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsob\u00ed, \u017ee lid\u00e9 maj\u00ed rodinn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my nebo dokonce mohou p\u0159ij\u00edt o zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed. U \u017een se vyskytuj\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee v partnersk\u00e9m \u010di sexu\u00e1ln\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>S hyperaktivn\u00edm mo\u010dov\u00fdm m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159em se d\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b bojovat<\/p>\n<p>V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b existuje \u0159ada l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch metod, kter\u00e9 efektivn\u011b pom\u00e1haj\u00ed zbavit se p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f onemocn\u011bn\u00ed nebo alespo\u0148 zm\u00edrnit jeho projevy. Bohu\u017eel mnoho pacient\u016f se sna\u017e\u00ed z r\u016fzn\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f zakr\u00fdt svou obt\u00ed\u017enou situaci a probl\u00e9m ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je na projevy nemoci nerezignovat, vyhledat odbornou l\u00e9ka\u0159skou pomoc a nechat si stanovit diagn\u00f3zu, na z\u00e1klad\u011b kter\u00e9 se p\u0159istoup\u00ed k volb\u011b spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby. Jako z\u00e1kladn\u00ed metoda je l\u00e9ka\u0159i doporu\u010dov\u00e1na zm\u011bna \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu, d\u00e1le pak sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e9 hmotnosti nebo nap\u0159\u00edklad tr\u00e9nink mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e. P\u0159\u00edzniv\u011b p\u016fsob\u00ed tak\u00e9 cvi\u010den\u00ed sval\u016f p\u00e1nevn\u00edho dna. Popsan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupy jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed tzv. behavior\u00e1ln\u00ed terapie.<\/p>\n<p>V mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech je pacient\u016fm p\u0159edeps\u00e1na medikament\u00f3zn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dba. &#8222;Je nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edvanou modalitou. Efekt farmakologick\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby se u hyperaktivn\u00edho mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e pohybuje mezi 70-85 %, kdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed k odstran\u011bn\u00ed tohoto probl\u00e9mu \u010di jeho v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu zlep\u0161en\u00ed,&#8220; \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 MUDr. Vyhn\u00e1nkov\u00e1. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed ke zlat\u00e9mu standardu l\u00e9\u010dby OAB anticholinergika, kter\u00e9 uvol\u0148uj\u00ed mo\u010dov\u00fd m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159, tlum\u00ed vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1pln\u011b m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e a zlep\u0161uj\u00ed j\u00edmac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky (urgence, frekvence a inkontinence). S t\u011bmi mohou b\u00fdt spojeny r\u016fzn\u00e9 ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky, jako je sucho v \u00fastech, poruchy vid\u011bn\u00ed, z\u00e1cpa, eventu\u00e1ln\u011b poruchy pam\u011bti a dal\u0161\u00ed. Nov\u011b jsou k dispozici modern\u00ed prepar\u00e1ty ze skupiny anticholinergik tzv. 3. generace, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed dobr\u00fd l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fd efekt, jsou bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 a jejich dobr\u00e1 sn\u00e1\u0161enlivost umo\u017e\u0148uje je dlouhodob\u011b pod\u00e1vat.<\/p>\n<p>Parlamentn\u00ed listy<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Syndrom hyperaktivn\u00edho mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e (OAB) je diagn\u00f3za, kter\u00e1 postihuje odhadem 100 milion\u016f lid\u00ed celosv\u011btov\u011b. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice se s n\u00edm pot\u00fdk\u00e1 a\u017e p\u011btina obyvatel. Projevuje <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=20353\" title=\"A\u017e p\u011btinu lid\u00ed v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice tr\u00e1p\u00ed hyperaktivn\u00ed mo\u010dov\u00fd m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14559,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20353","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20353","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=20353"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20353\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14559"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=20353"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=20353"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=20353"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}