{"id":21024,"date":"2015-04-24T14:34:46","date_gmt":"2015-04-24T12:34:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=21024"},"modified":"2015-04-24T14:34:46","modified_gmt":"2015-04-24T12:34:46","slug":"rozsahla-studie-vyvraci-spojitost-mezi-ockovanim-a-vznikem-autismu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=21024","title":{"rendered":"Rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 studie vyvrac\u00ed spojitost mezi o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00edm a vznikem autismu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Podle nov\u00e9 americk\u00e9 studie neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 spojitost mezi takzvan\u00fdm o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00edm MMR (proti spalni\u010dk\u00e1m, p\u0159\u00edu\u0161nic\u00edm a zard\u011bnk\u00e1m) a vznikem autismu.<\/strong> <!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Lond\u00fdn \u2013 V\u011bdeckou komunitu tyto z\u00e1v\u011bry nep\u0159ekvapily, podle britsk\u00e9ho serveru The Guardian by ale mohly vn\u00e9st z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zm\u011bnu do spole\u010densk\u00e9 diskuse o bezpe\u010dnosti o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed. Tu p\u0159ed 17 lety zpochybnila studie americk\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e Andrewa Wakefielda, kter\u00e1 souvislost o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed a vzniku autismu potvrzovala. Pozd\u011bji byla ov\u0161em tato studie ozna\u010dena za podvod.<\/p>\n<p>Studie zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e1 v presti\u017en\u00edm l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9m \u010dasopise Journal of American Medical Association se op\u00edr\u00e1 o vzorek dat sesb\u00edran\u00fdch od 97 727 d\u011bt\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d cel\u00fdmi Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty. Dv\u011b procenta z t\u011bchto d\u011bt\u00ed m\u011bla star\u0161\u00edho sourozence posti\u017een\u00e9ho n\u011bkterou z forem autismu.<\/p>\n<p>V\u011bdci se sna\u017eili zjistit, zda u d\u011bt\u00ed, jejich\u017e star\u0161\u00ed sourozenci n\u011bkterou z forem autismu trp\u00ed (co\u017e znamen\u00e1 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko, \u017ee budou autismem posti\u017eeny tak\u00e9), bylo po absolvov\u00e1n\u00ed o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed MMR diagnostikov\u00e1no onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e.<\/p>\n<p>Studie ale \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd vztah mezi o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00edm a vznikem autismu u t\u011bchto vysoce rizikov\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed nepotvrdila. Vliv nem\u011blo ani to, zda d\u011bti absolvovaly pouze jedno o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed (kolem druh\u00e9ho roku v\u011bku), nebo podstoupily i druh\u00e9, kolem p\u00e1t\u00e9ho roku v\u011bku.<\/p>\n<p>&#8222;Rodiny s d\u00edt\u011btem posti\u017een\u00fdm n\u011bkterou z forem autismu mohou b\u00fdt nepodlo\u017een\u00fdmi zpr\u00e1vami o souvislosti mezi o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00edm a vznikem nemoci zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b znepokojeny. \u0158ada rodi\u010d\u016f posti\u017een\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed proto i p\u0159es nedostatek d\u016fkaz\u016f v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee vakc\u00edna mohla b\u00fdt jednou z p\u0159\u00ed\u010din vzniku jejich onemocn\u011bn\u00ed,&#8220; uvedli auto\u0159i studie.<\/p>\n<p>S autismem bylo diagnostikov\u00e1no 994 ze sledovan\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. \u010cast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdskyt posti\u017een\u00ed se projevil pr\u00e1v\u011b u d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly posti\u017een\u00e9ho star\u0161\u00edho sourozence. Naopak to, jestli d\u011bti podstoupily o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed, se podle v\u011bdc\u016f na \u010detnosti diagn\u00f3zy nijak neprojevilo.<\/p>\n<p>Loni musely b\u00fdt kv\u016fli spalni\u010dk\u00e1m zav\u0159eny \u0161koly<\/p>\n<p>Obavy ze spojitosti mezi autismem a takzvanou trojvakc\u00ednou vedly v posledn\u00edch letech mnoho americk\u00fdch rodi\u010d\u016f k rozhodnut\u00ed nenechat sv\u00e9 d\u011bti v\u016f\u010di spalni\u010dk\u00e1m, p\u0159\u00edu\u0161nic\u00edm a zard\u011bnk\u00e1m imunizovat. Nemoc se ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e objevila ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech naposledy loni v prosinci. Kv\u016fli epidemii, kter\u00e1 odstartovala v kalifornsk\u00e9m Disneylandu, musely b\u00fdt zav\u0159eny \u0161koly a zavedena karant\u00e9na. Nakonec se spalni\u010dkami nakazilo v 18 americk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech 159 d\u011bt\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Ameri\u010dt\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i se proto nyn\u00ed sna\u017e\u00ed prosadit zm\u011bny v z\u00e1konech, kter\u00e9 do budoucna znemo\u017en\u00ed rodi\u010d\u016fm &#8222;na z\u00e1klad\u011b jejich osobn\u00ed v\u00edry&#8220; o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed odm\u00edtnout. Aktivist\u00e9 na opl\u00e1tku l\u00e9ka\u0159e obvi\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee jsou pod vlivem farmaceutick\u00fdch firem.<\/p>\n<p>&#8222;U\u017e od 50. let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed se bou\u0159liv\u011b diskutuje o tom, co vlastn\u011b autismus je a co ho zp\u016fsobuje. Zejm\u00e9na kv\u016fli n\u00e1r\u016fstu po\u010dtu d\u011bt\u00ed diagnostikovan\u00fdch s n\u011bkterou z poruch je st\u00e1le nal\u00e9hav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pochopit v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinn\u00e9 souvislosti,&#8220; poznamenal k nov\u00e9 studii Bryan H. King, p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed na washingtonsk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b a v d\u011btsk\u00e9 nemocnici v Seattlu.<\/p>\n<p>Neochota n\u011bkter\u00fdch rodi\u010d\u016f nechat o\u010dkovat mlad\u0161\u00ed sourozence posti\u017een\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed mohla v\u00e9st k tomu, \u017ee mezi d\u011btmi, kter\u00e9 podstoupily o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed, je m\u00e9n\u011b d\u011bt\u00ed s n\u011bkterou z forem autismu. Nic v\u00edc, upozor\u0148uje King. &#8222;Jedin\u00fdm z\u00e1v\u011brem, kter\u00fd lze z t\u00e9to studie vyvodit, je, \u017ee neexistuje vztah mezi v\u00fdskytem autismu a o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00edm u d\u011bt\u00ed \u2013 a to jak s nemocn\u00fdmi, tak zdrav\u00fdmi sourozenci,&#8220; uzav\u0159el King.<\/p>\n<p>\u010ct24<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Podle nov\u00e9 americk\u00e9 studie neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 spojitost mezi takzvan\u00fdm o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00edm MMR (proti spalni\u010dk\u00e1m, p\u0159\u00edu\u0161nic\u00edm a zard\u011bnk\u00e1m) a vznikem autismu.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14646,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21024","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21024","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=21024"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21024\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14646"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=21024"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=21024"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=21024"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}