{"id":21365,"date":"2015-05-18T11:27:05","date_gmt":"2015-05-18T09:27:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=21365"},"modified":"2015-05-18T11:27:05","modified_gmt":"2015-05-18T09:27:05","slug":"narust-hiv-pozitivnich-v-cesku-je-alarmujici","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=21365","title":{"rendered":"N\u00e1r\u016fst HIV pozitivn\u00edch v \u010cesku je alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zam\u011bstnavatel zas\u00edl\u00e1 pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdm email s jeho osobn\u00edmi \u00fadaji a pl\u00e1nem budovy, aby v\u011bd\u011bli, kde se pohybuje. Kontroluje, kam v pr\u00e1ci chod\u00ed na z\u00e1chod a kterou kuchy\u0148ku pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1. Kolegyn\u011b ze strachu testuj\u00ed sebe i vnou\u010data. Tak vypad\u00e1 realita na pracovi\u0161ti se zam\u011bstnancem infikovan\u00fdm virem HIV.<\/strong> <\/p>\n

Pro ob\u011bti nemoci AIDS i poz\u016fstal\u00e9 se v\u010dera \u010derven\u011b rozz\u00e1\u0159ilo mnoho v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch m\u00edst ve sv\u011bt\u011b i u n\u00e1s. \u017di\u017ekovsk\u00e1 televizn\u00ed v\u011b\u017e, Hudebn\u00ed Divadlo Karl\u00edn, ostravsk\u00e1 radni\u010dn\u00ed v\u011b\u017e, \u00fasteck\u00e9 Severo\u010desk\u00e9 divadlo nebo Nov\u00e9 divadlo v Plzni, to jsou jen n\u011bkter\u00e9 z budov, kter\u00e9 se na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky zapojily do akce Sv\u011btlo pro AIDS.<\/p>\n

A\u010dkoliv ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se z\u00e1padn\u00ed i v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropou je situace v\u00fdskytu HIV a AIDS u n\u00e1s p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, p\u0159esto se \u010cesko pot\u00fdk\u00e1 s alarmuj\u00edc\u00edm n\u00e1r\u016fstem HIV pozitivn\u00edch osob. Jen v prvn\u00edch t\u0159ech m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch roku 2015 bylo diagnostikov\u00e1no 64 nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f. Podle odborn\u00edk\u016f je situace navzdory kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9\u010db\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b hor\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v 90. letech.<\/p>\n

„V\u011bt\u0161ina st\u00e1t\u016f v\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1s d\u00e1v\u00e1 na prevenci st\u00e1le m\u00e9n\u011b pen\u011bz. Diskutuje se, zda sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdchova v\u016fbec pat\u0159\u00ed do \u0161kol, zda pokra\u010dovat ve v\u00fdm\u011bnn\u00fdch programech st\u0159\u00edka\u010dek pro narkomany. Probl\u00e9mem z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 trval\u00e1 tabuizace nemoci,“ uvedl David Jilich z AIDS Centra fakultn\u00ed nemocnice Na Bulovce v Praze. S jeho n\u00e1zorem souhlas\u00ed p\u0159edseda \u00dastavu epidemiologie Petr Pazdiora z Plzn\u011b. „L\u00e9\u010dba nebyla tak rozvinut\u00e1, o infekci jsme toho v\u011bd\u011bli m\u00e9n\u011b, i proto kampa\u0148 a pov\u011bdom\u00ed populace byly lep\u0161\u00ed. Nejv\u00edce ohro\u017een\u00e1 je dne\u0161n\u00ed mlad\u00e1 generace chystaj\u00edc\u00ed se vstoupit do sexu\u00e1ln\u00edho \u017eivota. Tam je t\u0159eba osv\u011btu zac\u00edlit,“ prohl\u00e1sil.<\/p>\n

Co za to m\u016f\u017ee?
\nMinim\u00e1ln\u00ed osv\u011bta<\/p>\n

Nedostatek informac\u00ed nen\u00ed podle vedouc\u00edho AIDS poradny Sexuologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu Praha Iva Proch\u00e1zky ale jedin\u00fdm d\u016fvodem, pro\u010d se zvy\u0161uje po\u010det osob naka\u017een\u00fdch nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm virem.<\/p>\n

„Projevilo by se to na po\u010dtu testovan\u00fdch. N\u00e1r\u016fst se projevuje v cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b a pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b souvis\u00ed i s t\u00edm, \u017ee existuj\u00ed komunity, jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad gayov\u00e9, kde nemoc p\u0159esahuje hranici epidemie,“ \u0159ekl Den\u00edku.<\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00ed hygienik \u010cR Vladim\u00edr Valenta p\u0159esto vid\u00ed hlavn\u00ed probl\u00e9m v oslaben\u00ed prim\u00e1rn\u00ed prevence a osv\u011bty a p\u0159isl\u00edbil zm\u011bnu. „Mezi roky 2006 a 2012 byly z\u00e1sadn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eeny dota\u010dn\u00ed programy. Sna\u017e\u00edme se to nyn\u00ed napravit, pro leto\u0161n\u00ed rok se poda\u0159ilo zdvojn\u00e1sobit objem finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f na preventivn\u00ed projekty, v\u010detn\u011b nap\u0159. anonymn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed. Chyst\u00e1me op\u011bt obnovit poradny AIDS,“ uvedl.<\/p>\n

Odborn\u00edci i HIV pozitivn\u00ed pacienti se shoduj\u00ed, \u017ee spole\u010dnost je st\u00e1le nalad\u011bn\u00e1 velmi negativn\u011b v\u016f\u010di naka\u017een\u00fdm z\u00e1ke\u0159n\u00fdm virem. A to navzdory faktu, \u017ee p\u0159i b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m ka\u017edodenn\u00edm kontaktu se nemoc\u00ed nakazit nemohou.<\/p>\n

„Neust\u00e1le se objevuj\u00ed p\u0159edstavy, \u017ee HIV pozitivn\u00ed je nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd pro okol\u00ed, \u017ee pouze sd\u00edlen\u00ed pracovn\u00edho prostoru nebo cesta MHD jsou rizikov\u00e9 pro ostatn\u00ed. Je t\u0159eba p\u0159ipom\u00ednat, jak se virus \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed. Nikomu nevad\u00ed, \u017ee jeho soused nebo kolega na pracovi\u0161ti je nemocn\u00fd b\u011b\u017enou, ale mnohem naka\u017eliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed nemoc\u00ed, jen\u017ee ve chv\u00edli, kdy se vy\u0159kne slovo HIV, vznik\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed probl\u00e9m,“ komentoval Pazdiora.<\/p>\n

To dokl\u00e1daj\u00ed i pacienti posti\u017een\u00ed nevyl\u00e9\u010ditelnou chorobou, kte\u0159\u00ed promluvili v r\u00e1mci projektu \u010cesk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti AIDS pomoc a p\u0159\u00e1li si z\u016fstat v anonymit\u011b. „To, \u017ee jsem pozitivn\u00ed, nikomu ne\u0159\u00edk\u00e1m. M\u00e1m stra\u0161n\u00fd strach z reakce lid\u00ed. B\u00e1la jsem se, i kdy\u017e jsem to m\u011bla \u0159\u00edct m\u00e9mu sou\u010dasn\u00e9mu man\u017eelovi. Te\u010f m\u00e1me zdrav\u00e9ho chlape\u010dka. Jsem p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00e1 o tom, \u017ee tato nemoc nen\u00ed tolik o zdravotn\u00edch, jako sp\u00ed\u0161 o soci\u00e1ln\u00edch probl\u00e9mech. Jin\u00ed nemocn\u00ed lid\u00e9 se za svoji chorobu nestyd\u00ed a nikdo se na n\u011bj ned\u00edv\u00e1 skrze prsty,“ uvedla pan\u00ed Alena.<\/p>\n

Nov\u00fd z\u00e1kon? Sp\u00ed\u0161 probl\u00e9my p\u0159id\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1<\/p>\n

Problematickou situaci ovlivnila i p\u0159ipravovan\u00e1 novela z\u00e1kona o ochran\u011b ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed, jeho\u017e sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed je vl\u00e1dn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh na zaveden\u00ed povinnosti nechat se vy\u0161et\u0159it HIV na z\u00e1klad\u011b rozhodnut\u00ed org\u00e1nu ochrany ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed. Podle Valenty ale nejde o plo\u0161n\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

„Mo\u017enost vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed je omezena pouze na ulo\u017een\u00ed pokuty, nikoliv n\u00e1siln\u00e9 proveden\u00ed v\u00fdkonu. Podez\u0159el\u00fd z n\u00e1kazy m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nap\u0159. poran\u011bn\u00fd partner HIV pozitivn\u00ed osoby, kter\u00fd toto sd\u011bl\u00ed org\u00e1nu hygienick\u00e9 slu\u017eby \u010di zdravotn\u00edk\u016fm, m\u016f\u017ee se jednat o \u010dlena pornohereck\u00e9 komunity, kter\u00fd byl ve styku s HIV pozitivn\u00edm kolegou, a d\u00e1l vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 sv\u00e9 „zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed“, a podobn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady, kte\u0159\u00ed se odm\u00edtnou nechat vy\u0161et\u0159it. Z\u00e1m\u011brem vl\u00e1dn\u00edho n\u00e1vrhu tedy bylo umo\u017enit org\u00e1nu ochrany ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed na\u0159\u00eddit vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed a podle nich pak realizovat dal\u0161\u00ed protiepidemick\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b l\u00e9\u010dbu u doty\u010dn\u00e9 osoby \u010di jejich kontakt\u016f,“ prohl\u00e1sil Valenta.<\/p>\n

Odp\u016frci z\u00e1kona argumentuj\u00ed, \u017ee je naps\u00e1n p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u0161iroce a nespecifikuje, kdo m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt testov\u00e1n, tud\u00ed\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt snadno zneu\u017eiteln\u00fd.<\/p>\n

„Nen\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kdy\u017e n\u011bkoho p\u0159inut\u00edte k testu. Jak ho chcete motivovat chodit na kontroly nebo br\u00e1t l\u00e9ky? Nepot\u0159ebujeme pacienta identifikovat a zav\u0159\u00edt, pot\u0159ebujeme s n\u00edm spolupracovat, aby ne\u010derpal zbyte\u010dn\u011b moc zdravotnick\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f. Z\u00e1kon ani ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed situaci z\u00e1chran\u00e1\u0159\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed budou o\u0161et\u0159ovat infek\u010dn\u00edho pacienta. Kdy\u017e bude \u010dlov\u011bk infikov\u00e1n kr\u00e1tce p\u0159ed zdravotnick\u00fdm z\u00e1sahem, tak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt i pro n\u011b nesm\u00edrn\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd. P\u0159itom jeho n\u00e1kazu nezjist\u00ed, i kdy\u017e mu ud\u011blaj\u00ed test, proto\u017ee na n\u011bj bude moc brzo. Osobn\u011b bych nechal situaci tak, jak je te\u010f. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed je dobrovoln\u00e9 a s pacienty m\u016f\u017eeme spolupracovat,“ vysv\u011btluje Ivo Proch\u00e1zka.<\/p>\n

AD\u00c9LA KAMENSK\u00c1
\nPra\u017esk\u00fd den\u00edk
\nhttp:\/\/www.prazsky.denik.cz\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zam\u011bstnavatel zas\u00edl\u00e1 pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdm email s jeho osobn\u00edmi \u00fadaji a pl\u00e1nem budovy, aby v\u011bd\u011bli, kde se pohybuje. Kontroluje, kam v pr\u00e1ci chod\u00ed na z\u00e1chod a kterou […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21346,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21365","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21365","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=21365"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21365\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/21346"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=21365"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=21365"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=21365"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}