{"id":23007,"date":"2015-10-08T15:29:18","date_gmt":"2015-10-08T13:29:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=23007"},"modified":"2015-10-08T15:29:18","modified_gmt":"2015-10-08T13:29:18","slug":"sedy-zakal-se-operuje-s-dobrymi-vysledky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=23007","title":{"rendered":"\u0160ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal se operuje s dobr\u00fdmi v\u00fdsledky"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zrak pat\u0159\u00ed k nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm lidsk\u00fdm smysl\u016fm, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 o n\u011bj pe\u010dovat. Na dne\u0161n\u00ed den p\u0159ipad\u00e1 Sv\u011btov\u00fd den zraku. Jeho c\u00edlem je zv\u00fd\u0161it pov\u011bdom\u00ed o mo\u017enostech diagnostiky a l\u00e9\u010db\u011b poruchy zraku, aby se maxim\u00e1ln\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eilo riziko oslepnut\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n

Liberec \u2013 Na Zemi \u017eije p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 7 miliard lid\u00ed a z toho, podle odborn\u00fdch studi\u00ed, a\u017e 4,2 miliardy osob trp\u00ed poruchou zraku. Br\u00fdle nebo \u010do\u010dky v\u0161ak nos\u00ed jen 1,7 miliardy osob, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k \u0159ad\u011b probl\u00e9m\u016f \u2013 \u00fanava, bolest hlavy, sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed, co\u017e nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed auta m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt a\u017e tragick\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky. Upozornit na tento probl\u00e9m m\u00e1 Sv\u011btov\u00fd den zraku, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na tento den. U t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti jsme vyzpov\u00eddali prim\u00e1\u0159e O\u010dn\u00ed kliniky Liberec Ji\u0159\u00edho Koryntu.<\/p>\n

– Poruchy zraku jsou celosv\u011btov\u00fd probl\u00e9m. O jak\u00e9 typy se nej\u010dast\u011bji jedn\u00e1?<\/p>\n

Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou poklesu zrakov\u00e9 ostrosti p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b slepoty jsou celosv\u011btov\u011b \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal, tzv. katarakta, a zelen\u00fd z\u00e1kal, tzv. glaukom.<\/p>\n

– Jak je na tom \u010desk\u00e1 populace?<\/p>\n

V rozvinut\u00fdch zem\u00edch, kam pat\u0159\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e1 republika, je d\u00edky zdravotnick\u00e9 osv\u011bt\u011b a dostupnosti zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de spektrum posti\u017een\u00ed zraku jin\u00e9. \u0160ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal se d\u00e1 s velmi dobr\u00fdmi v\u00fdsledky operovat a zelen\u00e9mu z\u00e1kalu je p\u0159edch\u00e1zeno pravideln\u00fdmi preventivn\u00edmi prohl\u00eddkami. V Evrop\u011b jsou proto nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou posti\u017een\u00ed zraku probl\u00e9my se s\u00edtnic\u00ed podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 v\u011bkem a nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou slepoty posti\u017een\u00ed s\u00edtnice p\u0159i cukrovce, diabetick\u00e1 retinopathie.<\/p>\n

– Co jej zp\u016fsobuje?<\/p>\n

Pokud pomineme vrozen\u00e9 \u0161ed\u00e9 z\u00e1kaly, pak toto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed je typickou chorobou „z opot\u0159eben\u00ed“, je zp\u016fsobeno v\u011bkem. N\u00e1r\u016fst po\u010dtu operac\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu je d\u00e1n jednak vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u011bkem, kter\u00e9ho se populace rozvinut\u00fdch zem\u00ed do\u017e\u00edv\u00e1, d\u00e1le vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi n\u00e1roky na zrak a efektivitou operace, tak\u017ee jsou operov\u00e1ny stadia z\u00e1kalu, kter\u00e1 by p\u0159ed t\u0159iceti lety byla ponech\u00e1na bez operace.<\/p>\n

– Je patrn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst onemocn\u011bn\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad po letn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch, kdy jsou lid\u00e9 vystaven\u00ed intenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed slunce?<\/p>\n

\u0160ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal se obvykle vyv\u00edj\u00ed n\u011bkolik let a s letn\u00edm oslun\u011bn\u00edm nesouvis\u00ed, ale jeden z typ\u016f \u0161ed\u00fdch z\u00e1kal\u016f se paradoxn\u011b v\u00edce projevuje za jasn\u00e9ho sv\u011btla, tak\u017ee pacienti s t\u00edmto z\u00e1kalem vid\u00ed dob\u0159e za \u0161era a na slunci najednou vid\u011bt p\u0159estanou. Pacienti s t\u00edmto typem z\u00e1kalu p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed na vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inou v l\u00e9t\u011b, proto\u017ee jim tento \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal najednou vad\u00ed.<\/p>\n

– Jak se d\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dit?<\/p>\n

\u0160ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal se d\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dit pouze chirurgicky. Ne \u00fapln\u011b \u010dir\u00e1 o\u010dn\u00ed \u010do\u010dka se odstran\u00ed pomoc\u00ed ultrazvuku a m\u00edsto n\u00ed se do oka implantuje nov\u00e1 \u010dir\u00e1 \u010do\u010dka z um\u011bl\u00e9 hmoty.<\/p>\n

– Jak dlouho trv\u00e1 takov\u00e1 operace? (od chv\u00edle, kdy pacienta vy\u0161et\u0159\u00edte a doporu\u010d\u00edte k operaci)<\/p>\n

Na\u0161e pracovi\u0161t\u011b je schopno v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby prov\u00e9st operaci do t\u00fddne, v\u011bt\u0161inou to ale b\u00fdv\u00e1 za dva a\u017e t\u0159i t\u00fddny, co\u017e na\u0161im pacient\u016fm vyhovuje. Samotn\u00fd z\u00e1krok na opera\u010dn\u00edm s\u00e1le trv\u00e1 asi 10 minut.<\/p>\n

– M\u016f\u017ee se \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal objevit v pr\u016fb\u011bhu let znovu?<\/p>\n

\u0160ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal se na ji\u017e operovan\u00e9m oku znovu vytvo\u0159it nem\u016f\u017ee, ale asi u jedn\u00e9 \u010dtvrtiny operovan\u00fdch pacient\u016f se po roce vytvo\u0159\u00ed tzv. druhotn\u00fd \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal, co\u017e je zhor\u0161en\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed v d\u016fsledku zkalen\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti pouzdra vlastn\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed \u010do\u010dky za um\u011blou \u010do\u010dkou. Tento typ z\u00e1kalu se odstra\u0148uje laserem a z\u00e1krok trv\u00e1 n\u011bkolik vte\u0159in a za operaci se nepova\u017euje.<\/p>\n

– Existuje n\u011bjak\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 prevence jak u \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu, tak u o\u010dn\u00edch vad obecn\u011b?<\/p>\n

Prevence \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu neexistuje, ale to, co pova\u017euji za velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, je pravideln\u00e1 kontrola nitroo\u010dn\u00edho tlaku po pades\u00e1t\u00e9m roce \u017eivota. Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed nitroo\u010dn\u00ed tlak m\u016f\u017ee vyvolat zelen\u00fd z\u00e1kal a co ten ubere, to se vr\u00e1tit ned\u00e1. Nav\u00edc zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd nitroo\u010dn\u00ed tlak ned\u011bl\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, tak\u017ee se bohu\u017eel ob\u010das st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee posti\u017een\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk p\u0159ijde k l\u00e9ka\u0159i pozd\u011b.<\/p>\n

Jak se operuje? Jedn\u00e1 se o jednoduch\u00fd a nebolestiv\u00fd z\u00e1krok, kter\u00fd spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve v\u00fdm\u011bn\u011b zakalen\u00e9 \u010do\u010dky za novou. Z\u00e1krok se prov\u00e1d\u00ed bez nark\u00f3zy za pou\u017eit\u00ed znecitlivuj\u00edc\u00edch anestetick\u00fdch kapek. Po\u0161kozen\u00e1 \u010do\u010dka se vyj\u00edm\u00e1 mikro\u0159ezem (2,2 mm). N\u00e1hradn\u00ed \u010do\u010dka je vyrobena z hydrofiln\u00edho akryl\u00e1tu a pacientovi slou\u017e\u00ed po zbytek \u017eivota.<\/p>\n

Co to \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal? \u0160ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal je nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina poruchy zraku na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Doch\u00e1z\u00ed k postupn\u00e9mu zakalen\u00ed o\u010dn\u00ed \u010do\u010dky, kter\u00e9 pak br\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu sv\u011btla dovnit\u0159 oka a tvorb\u011b ostr\u00e9ho obrazu na s\u00edtnici. \u010clov\u011bk posti\u017een\u00fd touto nemoc\u00ed m\u00e1 pak pocit, \u017ee sv\u011bt pozoruje skrze \u0161pinav\u00e9 br\u00fdle. Jedin\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak z\u00e1kal vyl\u00e9\u010dit, je operace.<\/p>\n

JANA \u0160VECOV\u00c1 GABRIELA VOLN\u00c1 GARBOV\u00c1
\nLibereck\u00fd den\u00edk
\nhttp:\/\/www.liberecky.denik.cz\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zrak pat\u0159\u00ed k nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm lidsk\u00fdm smysl\u016fm, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 o n\u011bj pe\u010dovat. Na dne\u0161n\u00ed den p\u0159ipad\u00e1 Sv\u011btov\u00fd den zraku. Jeho c\u00edlem je zv\u00fd\u0161it pov\u011bdom\u00ed o mo\u017enostech […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20406,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23007","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23007","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=23007"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23007\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/20406"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=23007"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=23007"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=23007"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}