{"id":23402,"date":"2017-04-08T00:52:22","date_gmt":"2017-04-07T22:52:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=23402"},"modified":"2017-04-08T10:05:23","modified_gmt":"2017-04-08T08:05:23","slug":"strava-pomaha-predchazet-rakovine-i-porazit-ji","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=23402","title":{"rendered":"Strava pom\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u0159edch\u00e1zet rakovin\u011b i porazit ji"},"content":{"rendered":"

Asi t\u0159etina n\u00e1dorov\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed souvis\u00ed s t\u00edm, co j\u00edme, \u010dasto s p\u0159ej\u00edd\u00e1n\u00edm a nem\u00edrnou konzumac\u00ed tuk\u016f a masa. Na druhou stranu t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 polovina onkologick\u00fdch pacient\u016f je ohro\u017eena \u00fabytkem na v\u00e1ze a podv\u00fd\u017eivou.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd d\u016fkaz, \u017ee by n\u011bjak\u00e1 zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed dieta mohla vyl\u00e9\u010dit n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed nebo zabr\u00e1nit jeho postupu. Ani vitaminov\u00e9 a miner\u00e1lov\u00e9 prepar\u00e1ty nemohou vyl\u00e9\u010dit nemocn\u00e9ho s n\u00e1dorem.<\/p>\n

Nadm\u011brn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch vitamin\u016f a miner\u00e1l\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt dokonce \u0161kodliv\u00e9. Jist\u00e9 v\u0161ak je, \u017ee pacienti dob\u0159e \u017eiven\u00ed po celou dobu onkologick\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby i po n\u00ed:
\n* l\u00e9pe sn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed vedlej\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky terapie,
\n* jsou odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u016f\u010di infek\u010dn\u00edm i jin\u00fdm komplikac\u00edm,
\n* maj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed riziko poopera\u010dn\u00edch komplikac\u00ed,
\n* \u010dast\u011bji zvl\u00e1dnou absolvovat celou protin\u00e1dorovou l\u00e9\u010dbu,
\n* sn\u00e1ze se jim da\u0159\u00ed znovu vystav\u011bt tk\u00e1n\u011b po\u0161kozen\u00e9 protin\u00e1dorovou l\u00e9\u010dbou,
\n* jsou fyzicky siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a c\u00edt\u00ed se celkov\u011b l\u00e9pe ne\u017e nemocn\u00ed \u0161patn\u011b \u017eiven\u00ed,
\n* maj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed kvalitu \u017eivota.<\/p>\n

Rizika podv\u00fd\u017eivy<\/p>\n

Naproti tomu organismus, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed schopen p\u0159ij\u00edmat dostate\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed biologicky hodnotn\u00e9 stravy, je nucen za\u010d\u00edt vyu\u017e\u00edvat nejen z\u00e1sobn\u00ed \u017eiviny, ale i vlastn\u00ed stavebn\u00ed l\u00e1tky, zejm\u00e9na svalovou a tukovou tk\u00e1\u0148. Rozpad t\u011blesn\u00fdch tk\u00e1n\u00ed vy\u010derp\u00e1v\u00e1 pacienta p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm postupnou ztr\u00e1tou b\u00edlkovin, co\u017e mj. naru\u0161uje funkci imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu a zhor\u0161uje vyhl\u00eddky na uzdraven\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Podv\u00fd\u017eiva u onkologick\u00fdch pacient\u016f souvis\u00ed s r\u016fstem n\u00e1doru (m\u016f\u017ee naru\u0161it polyk\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edjem stravy i jej\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed ve st\u0159ev\u011b), d\u00e1le souvis\u00ed s vedlej\u0161\u00edmi \u00fa\u010dinky protin\u00e1dorov\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby (nechutenstv\u00ed, zvracen\u00ed, celkov\u00e1 slabost) i s chronick\u00fdmi pot\u00ed\u017eemi zp\u016fsoben\u00fdmi n\u00e1dorem a komplikacemi (nedostate\u010dn\u011b tlumen\u00e1 bolest, nevolnost, z\u00e1cpa, pr\u016fjem, du\u0161nost, infekce s hore\u010dkami, \u00fazkost, deprese atd.).<\/p>\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina pacient\u016f s rakovinou se pot\u00fdk\u00e1 s \u00fabytkem na v\u00e1ze, ale p\u0159i n\u011bkter\u00fdch n\u00e1dorech naopak vznik\u00e1 po chemoterapii nebezpe\u010d\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fstu hmotnosti. T\u00fdk\u00e1 se to zejm\u00e9na karcinomu prsu, jeho\u017e r\u016fst se p\u0159i obezit\u011b urychluje. Pokud m\u00e1 pacientka s n\u00e1dorem prsu nadv\u00e1hu, nebo dokonce obezitu, je nam\u00edst\u011b kontrolovat si v pr\u016fb\u011bhu chemoterapie i po jej\u00edm skon\u010den\u00ed t\u011blesnou hmotnost a vyvarovat se jej\u00edho vzestupu.<\/p>\n

Zabr\u00e1nit ztr\u00e1t\u011b v\u00e1hy<\/p>\n

Obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee pro nemocn\u00e9ho s n\u00e1dorem nen\u00ed vhodn\u00e9 ani jen p\u0159echodn\u00e9 hubnut\u00ed v pr\u016fb\u011bhu l\u00e9\u010dby. Rozpad b\u00edlkovin prob\u00edh\u00e1 v\u017edy rychleji ne\u017e obnova jejich z\u00e1sob po uzdraven\u00ed. Dokonce i kdy\u017e pacient po p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed nemoci dob\u0159e j\u00ed a p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 na v\u00e1ze, mnohdy se jedn\u00e1 sp\u00ed\u0161e o n\u00e1r\u016fst tukov\u00e9 hmoty ne\u017e sval\u016f; to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou zdlouhav\u00e9 rekonvalescence. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je zah\u00e1jit podporu v\u00fd\u017eivy co nejd\u0159\u00edve po zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1dorov\u00e9ho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.
\nJakmile u\u017e toti\u017e dojde k v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ztr\u00e1t\u011b t\u011blesn\u00e9 v\u00e1hy, je l\u00e9\u010dba podv\u00fd\u017eivy n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a ka\u017ed\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed hubnut\u00ed zhor\u0161uje celkovou situaci nemocn\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n

D\u016fraz na b\u00edlkoviny<\/p>\n

\u00daprava diety sm\u011b\u0159uje ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edjmu energeticky (kaloricky) bohat\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed stravy, kdy nemocn\u00fd v mal\u00e9m objemu j\u00eddla dost\u00e1v\u00e1 hodn\u011b \u017eivin. M\u016f\u017ee to znamenat p\u0159\u00edjem potravin s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm obsahem tuku (smetana, smetanov\u00e9 s\u00fdry, rostlinn\u00e9 oleje, o\u0159echy, avok\u00e1do apod.), kter\u00fd p\u0159edstavuje koncentrovanou energii, nebo i potravin s koncentrovan\u00fdmi cukry (nap\u0159. med, su\u0161en\u00e9 a kandovan\u00e9 ovoce). Sou\u010dasn\u011b je v\u0161ak t\u0159eba zajistit tak\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem b\u00edlkovin.
\nDobr\u00fdmi zdroji b\u00edlkovin jsou maso, ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, vejce, cere\u00e1lie a lu\u0161t\u011bniny. V\u011bt\u0161ina nemocn\u00fdch dob\u0159e sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed zakysan\u00e9 ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, netu\u010dn\u00fd tvaroh, jemn\u00e9 libov\u00e9 telec\u00ed, dr\u016fbe\u017e\u00ed nebo ryb\u00ed maso. P\u0159i nechutenstv\u00ed k masu lze vyu\u017e\u00edt s\u00f3ju nebo tofu.<\/p>\n

Antioxidanty chr\u00e1n\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b<\/p>\n

U onkologick\u00fdch pacient\u016f vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i chemoterapii a infek\u010dn\u00edch komplikac\u00edch reaktivn\u00ed formy kysl\u00edku po\u0161kozuj\u00edc\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b, a strava t\u011bchto nemocn\u00fdch by proto m\u011bla zahrnovat tak\u00e9 dostatek ovoce a zeleniny s vitaminy a stopov\u00fdmi prvky p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edmi antioxida\u010dn\u011b a podporuj\u00edc\u00edmi imunitu.<\/p>\n

Mezi nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed antioxidanty pat\u0159\u00ed vitaminy A, C, E, beta-karoten a stopov\u00e9 prvky selen a zinek.
\nV rostlinn\u00e9 strav\u011b se nav\u00edc vyskytuje i \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch l\u00e1tek, jako fl avonoidy, fytoestrogeny a dal\u0161\u00ed, kter\u00e9 sice nemaj\u00ed klasickou v\u00fd\u017eivovou hodnotu, ale mohou m\u00edt tak\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 vlastnosti proti reaktivn\u00edm form\u00e1m kysl\u00edku, a dokonce i vlastnosti protin\u00e1dorov\u00e9. Tyto l\u00e1tky jsou obsa\u017eeny nap\u0159\u00edklad v \u010desneku, cibuli, s\u00f3jov\u00fdch bobech, brokolici, r\u016f\u017ei\u010dkov\u00e9 kapust\u011b, kv\u011bt\u00e1ku, zel\u00ed, citrusech a dal\u0161\u00edch rostlinn\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ip\u00edjen\u00ed s p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvkem poji\u0161\u0165ovny<\/p>\n

P\u0159i zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0161 \u00faporn\u00e9m nechutenstv\u00ed, bolestiv\u00e9m posti\u017een\u00ed sliznic tr\u00e1vic\u00edho traktu apod. lze pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed stavu v\u00fd\u017eivy vyu\u017e\u00edt takzvan\u00e9 p\u0159ip\u00edjen\u00ed (sipping), tedy konzumaci hotov\u00e9 tekut\u00e9 stravy z l\u00e9k\u00e1ren, obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed v mal\u00e9m objemu (cca 200 ml) velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed energie (a\u017e \u0161estin\u00e1sobek energetick\u00e9 hodnoty polotu\u010dn\u00e9ho ml\u00e9ka), b\u00edlkovin, vitamin\u016f a stopov\u00fdch prvk\u016f. \u0160irok\u00e1 \u0161k\u00e1la druh\u016f a p\u0159\u00edchut\u00ed zahrnuje i p\u0159\u00edpravky pro diabetiky, bezlakt\u00f3zov\u00e9, bezlepkov\u00e9, s nulov\u00fdm obsahem tuku nebo se zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm pod\u00edlem b\u00edlkovin \u010di vl\u00e1kniny.
\nTyto tzv. potraviny pro zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely jsou \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b hrazeny <\/strong>zdravotn\u00edmi poji\u0161\u0165ovnami pacient\u016fm, kter\u00fdm je jako \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dnou n\u00e1hradu v\u00fd\u017eivy p\u0159edep\u00ed\u0161e po vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed a stanoven\u00ed nutri\u010dn\u00edho rizika l\u00e9ka\u0159-nutri\u010dn\u00ed specialista (nositel licence F016) nebo OE ve v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech OE onkolog. V\u00fd\u0161i \u00fahrady konkretizuje ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fastav pro kontrolu l\u00e9\u010div; aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed informace jsou dostupn\u00e9 na webu www.sukl.cz.<\/p>\n

„\u00e1dn\u00e9 jednotliv\u00e9 j\u00eddlo ani skupina j\u00eddel nezabezpe\u010duje dostate\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem v\u0161ech pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch \u017eivin. Biologickou hodnotu stravy nejl\u00e9pe zajist\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 pestrost! Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 pot\u0159eba b\u00edlkovin u zdrav\u00fdch osob \u010din\u00ed 0,8 g\/kg hmotnosti, ale u nemocn\u00fdch s n\u00e1dorem a v\u00fdraznou podv\u00fd\u017eivou a\/nebo s aktivn\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017enou infekc\u00ed se zvy\u0161uje na 1,2OE2 g\/kg.<\/p>\n

Bojujte s nechutenstv\u00edm! <\/p>\n

Zabr\u00e1nit ztr\u00e1t\u011b svalov\u00e9 hmoty a ochr\u00e1nit tk\u00e1n\u011b p\u0159ed po\u0161kozov\u00e1n\u00edm chemoterapi\u00ed se nejl\u00e9pe poda\u0159\u00ed, budete-li denn\u011b nebo v\u00edcekr\u00e1t t\u00fddn\u011b konzumovat maso, vejce, ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, lu\u0161t\u011bniny, celozrnn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, ovoce a zeleninu. Pokud v\u00e1m nechutn\u00e1 j\u00edst nebo m\u00e1te-li pocit, \u017ee j\u00eddlo „nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dnou chu\u0165“, pop\u0159\u00edpad\u011b chutn\u00e1 „ho\u0159ce“ \u010di „kovov\u011b“, za\u0159a\u010fte do j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dku nov\u00e9 druhy potravin a jejich origin\u00e1ln\u00ed kombinace. Experimentujte a objevte netradi\u010dn\u00ed a t\u0159eba i exotick\u00e9 pokrmy OE v\u017edy\u0161 j\u00eddlo dok\u00e1\u017ee zlep\u0161it n\u00e1ladu a dod\u00e1 nejen energii, ale i vnit\u0159n\u00ed s\u00edlu pot\u0159ebnou k uzdraven\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Na 150 jedine\u010dn\u00fdch recept\u016f s celostr\u00e1nkov\u00fdmi barevn\u00fdmi fotografiemi a mnoho inspirace ke stravov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u011bhem l\u00e9\u010dby onkologick\u00e9ho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed i po n\u00ed najdete ve v\u00fdpravn\u00e9 knize J\u00eddlem proti rakovin“ z nakladatelstv\u00ed Mlad\u00e1 fronta. Vyzkou\u0161ejte t\u0159eba v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00fd n\u00e1poj \u010di pol\u00e9vku z avok\u00e1da, d\u00fd\u0148ovou pol\u00e9vku s kapiemi, cizrnov\u00fd falafel, hru\u0161ky du\u0161en\u00e9 ve v\u00edn\u011b s \u010dokol\u00e1dovou polevou, delikatesn\u00ed \u010dokol\u00e1dov\u00fd dort s \u010dervenou \u0159epou, podzimn\u00ed tykvov\u00e9 lasagne, r\u00fd\u017eov\u00fd pilaf s houbou \u0161itake, sal\u00e1t z uzen\u00fdch makrel s \u010dervenou \u0159epou a jablky nebo barmsk\u00e9 ku\u0159ec\u00ed kar\u00ed s kokosov\u00fdm ml\u00e9kem, jeho\u017e v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00e1 hodnota je vysok\u00e1 – vzpome\u0148te si na hrdinu filmu Mot\u00fdlek, kter\u00e9ho ve v\u011bznici na \u017e\u00e1belsk\u00fdch ostrovech udr\u017eely v kondici posta\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed k \u00fat\u011bku pr\u00e1v\u011b kokosov\u00e9 o\u0159echy. P\u0159ejeme v\u00e1m, aby v\u00e1\u0161 \u00fanik z pomysln\u00fdch okov\u016f choroby byl OE a\u0161 u\u017e s pomoc\u00ed knihy, nebo bez n\u00ed OE stejn\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd jako vyman\u011bn\u00ed se „Mot\u00fdlka“ Steva McQueena ze skute\u010dn\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bz\u016f.<\/p>\n

Podrobn\u00e1 l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 doporu\u010den\u00ed ke stravov\u00e1n\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b r\u016fzn\u00fdch komplikac\u00ed a pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed najdou pacienti s rakovinou a jejich bl\u00edzc\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad i na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch \u010cesk\u00e9 onkologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti \u010cLS JEP (www.linkos.cz).<\/p>\n

Moje zdrav\u00ed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Asi t\u0159etina n\u00e1dorov\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed souvis\u00ed s t\u00edm, co j\u00edme, \u010dasto s p\u0159ej\u00edd\u00e1n\u00edm a nem\u00edrnou konzumac\u00ed tuk\u016f a masa. Na druhou stranu t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 polovina onkologick\u00fdch pacient\u016f […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":27909,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23402","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23402","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=23402"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23402\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/27909"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=23402"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=23402"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=23402"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}