{"id":23894,"date":"2015-12-17T10:42:09","date_gmt":"2015-12-17T09:42:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=23894"},"modified":"2015-12-17T10:42:09","modified_gmt":"2015-12-17T09:42:09","slug":"quartz-rousky-na-ulici-od-ochrany-zdravi-k-modnimu-doplnku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=23894","title":{"rendered":"Quartz: Rou\u0161ky na ulici – od ochrany zdrav\u00ed k m\u00f3dn\u00edmu dopl\u0148ku"},"content":{"rendered":"

Na Z\u00e1pad\u011b nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 obvykl\u00e9 vid\u011bt chirurgickou rou\u0161ku jinde ne\u017e v nemocnici, v \u010c\u00edn\u011b a dal\u0161\u00edch asijsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch je ale celkem b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 nosit ji na ulici. D\u016fvody mohou b\u00fdt r\u016fzn\u00e9 – smog, obava z infek\u010dn\u00edch nemoc\u00ed, ale v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l v\u00edce i m\u00f3da.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0158ada lid\u00ed u\u017e toti\u017e nos\u00ed kousek l\u00e1tky p\u0159es \u010d\u00e1st obli\u010deje i jako prost\u0159edek vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed vlastn\u00ed osobnosti. Pru\u017en\u00fd trh nab\u00edz\u00ed rou\u0161ky pestr\u00fdch barev \u010di s obr\u00e1zky zv\u00ed\u0159at a postavi\u010dek z kreslen\u00fdch seri\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n

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„Zvyk nosit rou\u0161ku na ulici m\u00e1 ko\u0159eny v Japonsku po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed, kdy pandemie ch\u0159ipky zabila ve sv\u011bt\u011b 20 a\u017e 40 milion\u016f lid\u00ed,“ poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 internetov\u00fd server Quartz. Lid\u00e9 tehdy nosili \u0161\u00e1tky, \u0161\u00e1ly a rou\u0161ky, aby se chr\u00e1nili p\u0159ed nemoc\u00ed. Kr\u00e1tce nato, v roce 1923, postihlo Japonsko velk\u00e9 zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed v Kant\u00f3, kter\u00e9 zabilo p\u0159es 100.000 lid\u00ed a zdevastovalo mimo jin\u00e9 Tokio \u010di Jokohamu. Prach z rozbo\u0159en\u00fdch dom\u016f zaplavil na n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, tak\u017ee rou\u0161ky se tehdy \u00fapln\u011b vyprodaly.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed epidemie ch\u0159ipky v roce 1934 upevnila z\u00e1libu Japonc\u016f v rou\u0161k\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 se tak staly pravidelnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed oble\u010den\u00ed zejm\u00e9na v zimn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch. Tehdy ji ale Japonci nosili sp\u00ed\u0161e z ohleduplnosti, aby nenakazili ostatn\u00ed ve spole\u010dnosti, ne\u017e ze strachu o sv\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Rychl\u00e1 industrializace Japonska po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce zhor\u0161ila kvalitu ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. Paradoxn\u011b k tomu tehdy p\u0159isp\u011bla i masivn\u00ed v\u00fdsadba strom\u016f. Kv\u016fli velk\u00e9 spot\u0159eb\u011b d\u0159eva pro stavebn\u00ed pr\u016fmysl se hodn\u011b vysazoval japonsk\u00fd cedr, kter\u00fd rychle roste, ale produkuje velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed pylu. A tak se rou\u0161ka v Japonsku stala b\u011b\u017enou prax\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Kv\u016fli smogu se brzy tento zvyk roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il i do \u010c\u00edny a Koreje. V nov\u00e9m tis\u00edcilet\u00ed k masivn\u00edmu no\u0161en\u00ed rou\u0161ky p\u0159isp\u011bly mimo jin\u00e9 akutn\u00ed syndrom d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest SARS, pta\u010d\u00ed ch\u0159ipka \u010di ebola.<\/p>\n

Realita je v\u0161ak takov\u00e1, \u017ee rou\u0161ky poskytuj\u00ed pouze minim\u00e1ln\u00ed ochranu proti vir\u016fm ze vzduchu. Chirurgov\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed rou\u0161ky proto, aby nenakazili pacienta. „Nos\u00edte-li rou\u0161ku jako prevenci, abyste se ochr\u00e1nili p\u0159ed ch\u0159ipkou, nen\u00ed to p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 efektivn\u00ed,“ tvrd\u00ed profesor medic\u00edny Lindsay Grayson z univerzity v Melbourne. A dod\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee m\u00e1-li n\u011bkdo ch\u0159ipku, ka\u0161le a prsk\u00e1, pak m\u016f\u017ee ochr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed bacily sv\u00e9 okol\u00ed.<\/p>\n

A pro\u010d nos\u00ed rou\u0161ky masov\u011b zejm\u00e9na obyvatel\u00e9 v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asie? D\u016fvod m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt filozofick\u00fd: tyto zem\u011b jsou hodn\u011b ovlivn\u011bny taoismem a tradi\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00ednskou medic\u00ednou, v n\u00ed\u017e je d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed pova\u017eov\u00e1no za z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159edpoklad pro dobr\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed. Podle t\u00e9to filozofie je \u017eivotn\u00ed silou energie \u010dchi, doslovn\u011b p\u0159elo\u017eeno „d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed“ \u010di „vzduch“. Tuto s\u00edlu \u010dlov\u011bk z\u00edsk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b p\u0159i po\u010det\u00ed a pot\u00e9 se mu j\u00ed dost\u00e1v\u00e1 ze vzduchu a z potravy.<\/p>\n

Mlad\u00ed Japonci pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed rou\u0161ky v posledn\u00edch letech jako m\u00f3dn\u00ed dopln\u011bk a jako jak\u00fdsi „soci\u00e1ln\u00ed firewall“ (bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed br\u00e1nu). Teenage\u0159i zdrav\u00ed jako \u0159\u00edpa je nos\u00ed spolu se sluch\u00e1tky, aby tak podle psycholog\u016f signalizovali neochotu komunikovat s lidmi kolem.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Na Z\u00e1pad\u011b nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 obvykl\u00e9 vid\u011bt chirurgickou rou\u0161ku jinde ne\u017e v nemocnici, v \u010c\u00edn\u011b a dal\u0161\u00edch asijsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch je ale celkem b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 nosit ji na […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23895,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23894","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23894","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=23894"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23894\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/23895"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=23894"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=23894"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=23894"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}