Ve v\u011bku 83 let zem\u0159el doktor Robert Spitzer, kter\u00fd v psychiatrick\u00e9m spole\u010denstv\u00ed sehr\u00e1l v\u016fd\u010d\u00ed roli v uzn\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017ee homosexualita nen\u00ed odchylkou od normy.<\/p>\n
Ozn\u00e1mila to dnes americk\u00e1 m\u00e9dia s odvol\u00e1n\u00edm na l\u00e9ka\u0159ovu \u017eenu.<\/p>\n
Spitzer zem\u0159el v p\u00e1tek v Seattlu kv\u016fli probl\u00e9m\u016fm se srdcem, uvedla jeho man\u017eelka, emeritn\u00ed profesorka Kolumbijsk\u00e9 univerzity Janet Williamsov\u00e1.<\/p>\n
Spitzer v roce 1973 vylou\u010dil homosexualitu z p\u0159\u00edru\u010dky pro diagnostikov\u00e1n\u00ed a statistiku du\u0161evn\u00edch nemoc\u00ed. „Byl to velk\u00fd pr\u016flom v profesi,“ \u0159ekla Williamsov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 s man\u017eelem pracovala na t\u0159et\u00edm vyd\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edru\u010dky, publikovan\u00e9 v roce 1980, kter\u00e1 se stala bestsellerem.<\/p>\n
Spitzerovo stanovisko ovlivnilo setk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed s aktivisty homosexu\u00e1ln\u00ed komunity, p\u0159i kter\u00fdch si uv\u011bdomil, \u017ee homosexualita nen\u00ed porucha, kdy\u017e sami gayov\u00e9 jsou spokojeni se svou orientac\u00ed.<\/p>\n
„Sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e jen se odvol\u00e1vat na autority, na autoritu Freuda, ot\u00e1zka zn\u011bla: Jsou o tom studie? Jak\u00e9 jsou o tom d\u016fkazy?“ \u0159ekl Spitzer o sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci \u010dasopisu New Yorker v roce 2005 a dodal, \u017ee si vyb\u00edral spolupracovn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed se zav\u00e1zali \u0159\u00eddit se \u00fadaji.<\/p>\n
Emeritn\u00ed profesor Allen Frances, kter\u00fd byl editorem pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch vyd\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edru\u010dky, \u0159ekl listu The Times, \u017ee Spitzer „byl zdaleka nejvlivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed psychiatr sv\u00e9 doby.“<\/p>\n
Aktivist\u00e9 za pr\u00e1va homosexu\u00e1l\u016f p\u0159ipsali Spitzerovi k dobru, \u017ee odstranil homosexualitu ze seznamu du\u0161evn\u00edch poruch. „Zdravotn\u00ed porucha by musela b\u00fdt spojov\u00e1na bu\u010f se subjektivn\u00ed t\u00edsn\u00ed – bolest\u00ed – anebo s celkov\u00fdm znehodnocen\u00edm soci\u00e1ln\u00ed funkce,“ vysv\u011btlil Spitzer v listu The Washington Post v dob\u011b odborn\u00e9 debaty spole\u010denstv\u00ed psychiatr\u016f o homosexualit\u011b.<\/p>\n
Doktor Jack Drescher, gay a psychoanalytik v New Yorku, \u0159ekl The Times, \u017ee Spitzer\u016fv \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd tlak na odstran\u011bn\u00ed homosexuality ze seznamu poruch znamenal velk\u00fd pokrok pro pr\u00e1va homosexu\u00e1l\u016f. „Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee jsou dnes povoleny s\u0148atky homosexu\u00e1l\u016f, je z\u010d\u00e1sti z\u00e1sluha Boba Spitzera,“ \u0159ekl.<\/p>\n
V roce 2012 se Spitzer ve\u0159ejn\u011b omluvil za studii z roku 2001 o takzvan\u00e9 reparativn\u00ed terapii, umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed zm\u011bnu orientace homosexu\u00e1ln\u00edch osob, pokud si to opravdu p\u0159ej\u00ed. P\u0159ipustil, \u017ee studie m\u011bla v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 nedostatky a dosp\u011bla k chybn\u00fdm z\u00e1v\u011br\u016fm.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ve v\u011bku 83 let zem\u0159el doktor Robert Spitzer, kter\u00fd v psychiatrick\u00e9m spole\u010denstv\u00ed sehr\u00e1l v\u016fd\u010d\u00ed roli v uzn\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017ee homosexualita nen\u00ed odchylkou od normy.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23959","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23959","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=23959"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23959\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=23959"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=23959"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=23959"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}