{"id":24039,"date":"2016-01-07T07:57:08","date_gmt":"2016-01-07T06:57:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=24039"},"modified":"2016-01-07T07:57:08","modified_gmt":"2016-01-07T06:57:08","slug":"bolest-zad-muze-signalizovat-rakovinu-prostaty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=24039","title":{"rendered":"Bolest zad m\u016f\u017ee signalizovat rakovinu prostaty"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bol\u00ed v\u00e1s z\u00e1da? Neodkl\u00e1dejte vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed.\u00a0 Cel\u00e1 \u0159ada lid\u00ed nebere bolesti zad zcela v\u00e1\u017en\u011b, proto\u017ee je pova\u017euj\u00ed za b\u011b\u017en\u00e9. Bolesti zad pat\u0159\u00ed mezi\u00a0 tzv. civiliza\u010dn\u00ed choroby a setk\u00e1 se s nimi a\u017e 80 % lid\u00ed alespo\u0148 jednou v \u017eivot\u011b. Asi \u010dtvrtina bolest\u00ed zad je v\u0161ak spojena se z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi.<\/strong> <\/p>\n

ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto: machold \/ sxc.hu<\/p>\n

Jednu z t\u011bchto v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed i metast\u00e1zy v kostech, kter\u00e9 jsou v\u00fdrazn\u011b \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e samotn\u00e1 rakovina kost\u00ed. Nej\u010dast\u011bji do kost\u00ed metastazuje mnoho\u010detn\u00fd myelom, karcinom prsu a prostaty, d\u00e1le pak karcinom plic \u010di ledvin. Vzhledem k hojn\u00e9mu v\u00fdskytu t\u011bchto onkologick\u00fdch diagn\u00f3z je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee vzr\u016fst\u00e1 i po\u010det pacient\u016f zasa\u017een\u00fdch kostn\u00edmi metast\u00e1zami. \u201eBolest zad m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jejich prvn\u00edm sign\u00e1lem. Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed do kost\u00ed je \u010dastou komplikac\u00ed pokro\u010dil\u00fdch n\u00e1dor\u016f a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zhor\u0161uje vyhl\u00eddky na \u00fapln\u00e9 vyl\u00e9\u010den\u00ed. Pacienti s pokro\u010dil\u00fdm karcinomem prostaty maj\u00ed a\u017e 68% pravd\u011bpodobnost vzniku kostn\u00edch metast\u00e1z. Karcinom prostaty je p\u0159itom v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1dorem u mu\u017e\u016f a jeho v\u00fdskyt se trvale zvy\u0161uje. Po\u010det nov\u011b vznikl\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f rakoviny prostaty od roku 2008 do roku 2012 pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b meziro\u010dn\u011b vzrostl o 6 %,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed\u00a0 prof. MUDr. Marek Babjuk, CSc., p\u0159ednosta Urologick\u00e9 kliniky Fakultn\u00ed nemocnice v Motole.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1sledky metast\u00e1z mohou b\u00fdt katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/p>\n

Do kost\u00ed n\u00e1dorov\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed metastazuj\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bji. A\u017e 75 % mu\u017e\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed rakovin\u011b prostaty podlehnou, um\u00edr\u00e1 s posti\u017een\u00edm kostry. Kostn\u00ed metast\u00e1zy jsou zp\u016fsobeny schopnost\u00ed n\u00e1doru uvol\u0148ovat n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky do krevn\u00edho ob\u011bhu. Kdy\u017e se dostanou do bohat\u011b prokrven\u00e9 kostn\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b, zrychl\u00ed se jej\u00ed odbour\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Naru\u0161en\u00ed kostn\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b \u010dasto vede ke zlomenin\u00e1m a velk\u00fdm bolestem. T\u011bmi trp\u00ed a\u017e 80 % pacient\u016f. Nemocn\u00e9mu hroz\u00ed tak\u00e9 zlomenina obratle, kter\u00e1 je velmi bolestiv\u00e1 a m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 omezen\u00ed pohyblivosti. \u201eZlomeniny obratl\u016f se vyskytuj\u00ed a\u017e u 12 % pacient\u016f s rakovinou prostaty. K dal\u0161\u00edm zlomenin\u00e1m doch\u00e1z\u00ed v 9 % p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f. Patologick\u00e9 zlomeniny, tedy ty, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed p\u016fsoben\u00edm abnorm\u00e1ln\u011b mal\u00e9 nebo dokonce \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 s\u00edly, p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed opravdu z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd probl\u00e9m a v\u00fdznamn\u011b zvy\u0161uj\u00ed riziko \u00famrt\u00ed. U pacient\u016f se zhoubnou rakovinou prostaty je toto riziko vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed o 23 %,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1\u00a0 prof. MUDr. Marek Babjuk, CSc.<\/p>\n

Pozor na varovn\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly<\/p>\n

Metast\u00e1zy v kostech nemus\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho nemocn\u00e9ho bolet, i kdy\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o jeden z nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f bolest\u00ed onkologick\u00fdch pacient\u016f. \u017de m\u00e1 nemocn\u00fd kostn\u00ed metast\u00e1zy, nen\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9 poznat, proto\u017ee \u010dasto nem\u00edvaj\u00ed specifick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky. K jejich diagnostice se vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed metody jako nap\u0159\u00edklad c\u00edlen\u00fd rentgen a celot\u011blov\u00e1 magnetick\u00e1 rezonance. Varov\u00e1n\u00edm a popudem k n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b l\u00e9ka\u0159e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u010dlov\u011bku nap\u0159\u00edklad dlouhotrvaj\u00edc\u00ed tup\u00e1 nebo kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e1 vyst\u0159eluj\u00edc\u00ed bolest, zdu\u0159en\u00ed kosti \u010di m\u00edrn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 teplota. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech kostn\u00ed n\u00e1dor vypad\u00e1 jako bolestiv\u00fd v\u00fdr\u016fstek na povrchu kosti. Nemocn\u00ed s kostn\u00edmi metast\u00e1zami si tak\u00e9 \u010dasto st\u011b\u017euj\u00ed, \u017ee se c\u00edt\u00ed b\u00fdt celkov\u011b nemocn\u00ed a ztr\u00e1cej\u00ed chu\u0165 k j\u00eddlu. Nez\u0159\u00eddka tak\u00e9 ztr\u00e1cej\u00ed na v\u00e1ze, v\u00edce se pot\u00ed a pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed se s celkovou slabost\u00ed. \u201ePokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1dor m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt objeven pr\u00e1v\u011b a\u017e d\u00edky probl\u00e9m\u016fm s kostn\u00edmi metast\u00e1zami. Ty se v\u0161ak mohou vyskytnout tak\u00e9 po absolvovan\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010db\u011b nemoci. Projevy toho, \u017ee se n\u00e1dor ji\u017e roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il i do kost\u00ed, jsou bohu\u017eel nejednozna\u010dn\u00e9\u00a0 a mohou indikovat i jin\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed,\u201c varuje prof. MUDr. Marek Babjuk, CSc.<\/p>\n

Pokud n\u00e1dor vytvo\u0159\u00ed metast\u00e1zy do p\u00e1te\u0159n\u00edch obratl\u016f, m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt ke stla\u010den\u00ed m\u00edchy, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee v d\u016fsledku v\u00e9st a\u017e k trval\u00e9mu ochrnut\u00ed. Jestli\u017ee se u v\u00e1s projevuj\u00ed tyto p\u0159\u00edznaky, neot\u00e1lejte s n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvou l\u00e9ka\u0159e:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

> bolest v z\u00e1dech, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee vyst\u0159elovat do doln\u00edch kon\u010detin,<\/p>\n

> ztr\u00e1ta citlivosti v oblasti doln\u00edch kon\u010detin a podb\u0159i\u0161ku,<\/p>\n

> oslaben\u00ed doln\u00edch kon\u010detin nebo nemo\u017enost jimi pohybovat,<\/p>\n

> mimovoln\u00fd \u00fanik mo\u010di \u010di stolice nebo probl\u00e9my s mo\u010den\u00edm.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u201eVzhledem k tomu, \u017ee se v\u011bk mu\u017e\u016f, kter\u00fdm je zji\u0161t\u011bna rakovina prostaty neust\u00e1le sni\u017euje, je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 nepodce\u0148ovat pravideln\u00e1 preventivn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed po pades\u00e1t\u00e9m roce \u017eivota. Tato vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed jsou jedinou na\u0161\u00ed \u0161anc\u00ed, jak n\u00e1dory prostaty objevovat v po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edch st\u00e1di\u00edch a tedy i p\u0159edch\u00e1zet rozvoji onemocn\u011bn\u00ed do kost\u00ed. Na mu\u017ee apelujeme, aby se preventivn\u00edm prohl\u00eddk\u00e1m nevyh\u00fdbali, a pokud maj\u00ed bolesti, s n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvou l\u00e9ka\u0159e neot\u00e1leli,\u201c vysv\u011btluje prof. MUDr. Marek Babjuk, CSc.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Metast\u00e1zy jsou zat\u00edm nevyl\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e9<\/p>\n

Ne\u017e n\u00e1dor za\u010dne vytv\u00e1\u0159et metast\u00e1zy v kostech, m\u016f\u017ee to trvat l\u00e9ta, proto se objevuj\u00ed v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch stadi\u00edch nemoci. Pokud se nemocn\u00fd ji\u017e nach\u00e1z\u00ed v pokro\u010dil\u00e9m stadiu rakoviny prostaty, hroz\u00ed mu cel\u00e1 \u0159ada komplikac\u00ed ovliv\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch pr\u016fb\u011bh jeho l\u00e9\u010dby. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 doch\u00e1z\u00ed k v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed kvality \u017eivota nemocn\u00e9ho v d\u016fsledku bolesti, stla\u010den\u00ed m\u00edchy a nerv\u016f nebo patologick\u00fdch zlomenin. \u201ePokud se jedn\u00e1 o pacienta, kter\u00fd u\u017e kostn\u00ed metast\u00e1zy m\u00e1, je nutn\u00e9 zah\u00e1jit co nejd\u0159\u00edve vhodnou l\u00e9\u010dbu. Na\u0161e zku\u0161enosti potvrzuj\u00ed, \u017ee v\u010dasn\u00e9 nasazen\u00ed biologick\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby dok\u00e1\u017ee komplikac\u00edm kostn\u00edch metast\u00e1z zabr\u00e1nit,\u201c dopl\u0148uje prof. MUDr. Marek Babjuk, CSc.<\/p>\n

Komplikac\u00edm zabr\u00e1n\u00edte v\u010dasn\u00fdm vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00edm<\/p>\n

Bolesti zad bychom nem\u011bli podce\u0148ovat a na vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed si rad\u011bji zaj\u00edt. Kostn\u00ed metast\u00e1zy zhor\u0161uj\u00ed kvalitu \u017eivota i \u0161anci na p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed\u00a0 a jejich l\u00e9\u010dba je mnohdy n\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u samotn\u00e9ho prim\u00e1rn\u00edho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed prevenc\u00ed vzniku kostn\u00edch metast\u00e1z je v\u010dasn\u00e1 diagn\u00f3za zhoubn\u00e9ho n\u00e1doru a okam\u017eit\u00e9 zah\u00e1jen\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. \u201eJestli\u017ee se n\u00e1m n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 bujen\u00ed poda\u0159\u00ed zachytit v ran\u00e9m stadiu, m\u016f\u017ee jeho l\u00e9\u010dba vzniku metast\u00e1z \u00fapln\u011b p\u0159edej\u00edt a nemocn\u00fd m\u00e1 daleko v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u0161ance na vyl\u00e9\u010den\u00ed,\u201c uzav\u00edr\u00e1\u00a0 prof. MUDr. Marek Babjuk, CSc.<\/p>\n

Prof. MUDr. Marek Babjuk, CSc., je uzn\u00e1van\u00fdm odborn\u00edkem v oblasti l\u00e9\u010dby n\u00e1dorov\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed mu\u017esk\u00e9ho pohlavn\u00edho \u00fastroj\u00ed a mo\u010dov\u00e9ho traktu. Je p\u0159edsedou \u010cesk\u00e9 urologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, prod\u011bkanem 2. l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty Univerzity Karlovy a od roku 2009 p\u0159ednostou urologick\u00e9 kliniky Fakultn\u00ed nemocnice v Motole. Je p\u0159edsedou skupiny pro p\u0159\u00edpravu doporu\u010den\u00fdch postup\u016f u n\u00e1dor\u016f mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e Evropsk\u00e9 urologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Absolvoval Fakultu v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed Univerzity Karlovy v Praze a \u0159adu zahrani\u010dn\u00edch kurz\u016f a st\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice i v zahrani\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bol\u00ed v\u00e1s z\u00e1da? Neodkl\u00e1dejte vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed.\u00a0 Cel\u00e1 \u0159ada lid\u00ed nebere bolesti zad zcela v\u00e1\u017en\u011b, proto\u017ee je pova\u017euj\u00ed za b\u011b\u017en\u00e9. Bolesti zad pat\u0159\u00ed mezi\u00a0 tzv. civiliza\u010dn\u00ed choroby […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12092,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24039","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24039","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24039"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24039\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12092"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24039"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24039"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24039"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}