{"id":24669,"date":"2016-02-24T09:55:37","date_gmt":"2016-02-24T08:55:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=24669"},"modified":"2016-02-24T10:43:49","modified_gmt":"2016-02-24T09:43:49","slug":"verejny-ochrance-prav-invalidni-duchodci-maji-pravo-na-spravedlivou-odmenu-za-praci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=24669","title":{"rendered":"Ombudsman: Invalidn\u00ed d\u016fchodci maj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo na spravedlivou odm\u011bnu za pr\u00e1ci"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ochr\u00e1nkyn\u011b odm\u00edt\u00e1 praxi, kdy lid\u00e9 se zdravotn\u00edm<\/span> posti\u017een\u00edm dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se zdrav\u00fdmi kolegy ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed odm\u011bnu za stejnou pr\u00e1ci. Rozhodla se proto podat n\u00e1vrh \u00dastavn\u00edmu soudu na zru\u0161en\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vl\u00e1dy o minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzd\u011b, kter\u00e1 k nerovnosti p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1.<\/strong>
\n<\/p>\n

ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto: LeoSynapse \/ sxc.hu<\/p>\n

Sou\u010dasn\u011b apeluje na oblastn\u00ed inspektor\u00e1ty pr\u00e1ce, aby p\u0159i sv\u00fdch kontrol\u00e1ch v\u011bnovaly pozornost i tomu, jak zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 odm\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed pr\u00e1ci invalidn\u00edch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, zda dodr\u017euj\u00ed z\u00e1kon\u00edk pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n

Pokud dva lid\u00e9 d\u011blaj\u00ed stejnou pr\u00e1ci, nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9, aby jeden z nich dost\u00e1val ni\u017en\u00ed odm\u011bnu jen proto, \u017ee je zdravotn\u011b posti\u017een\u00fd a pob\u00edr\u00e1 invalidn\u00ed d\u016fchod. Takov\u00e9 rozli\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed je poru\u0161en\u00edm z\u00e1kon\u00edku pr\u00e1ce i antidiskrimina\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1kona. Z\u00e1kon\u00edk pr\u00e1ce ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 zam\u011bstnavatel\u016fm povinnost poskytnout zam\u011bstnanc\u016fm stejnou mzdu za pr\u00e1ci stejn\u00e9 hodnoty. Antidiskrimina\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1kon zakazuje nerovn\u00e9 zach\u00e1zen\u00ed se zam\u011bstnanci z d\u016fvodu zdravotn\u00edho<\/span> posti\u017een\u00ed. Tento z\u00e1kaz se vztahuje i na odm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed, a to na v\u0161echny slo\u017eky mzdy – n\u00e1rokov\u00e9 (z\u00e1kladn\u00ed mzda) i nen\u00e1rokov\u00e9 (pr\u00e9mie, osobn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edplatky atd.).<\/p>\n

V t\u00e9to souvislosti pova\u017euje ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 ochr\u00e1nkyn\u011b za z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee nerovnost v odm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed zakl\u00e1d\u00e1 sama vl\u00e1da sv\u00fdm na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm, kter\u00e9 stanovuje ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzdu plo\u0161n\u011b pro zam\u011bstnance pob\u00edraj\u00edc\u00ed invalidn\u00ed d\u016fchod. Na diskrimina\u010dn\u00ed charakter ustanoven\u00ed \u00a7 4 na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed upozornila ochr\u00e1nkyn\u011b Ministerstvo pr\u00e1ce a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed, bez \u00fasp\u011bchu se sna\u017eila prosadit rovn\u00e9 mzdy p\u0159ipom\u00ednkami k novele na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a rovn\u011b\u017e ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b se obracela na p\u0159edsedu vl\u00e1dy. Rozhodla se proto vyu\u017e\u00edt sv\u00e9ho zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edho opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed obr\u00e1tit se na \u00dastavn\u00ed soud s n\u00e1vrhem na zru\u0161en\u00ed tohoto ustanoven\u00ed.<\/p>\n

„Ustanoven\u00ed o ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzd\u011b pova\u017euji za proti\u00fastavn\u00ed v takov\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e, \u017ee zasahuje do lidsk\u00e9 d\u016fstojnosti osob se zdravotn\u00edm<\/span> posti\u017een\u00edm, proto\u017ee nazna\u010duje, \u017ee jsou zam\u011bstnanci \u201ani\u017e\u0161\u00ed kategorie\u2018,“ vysv\u011btluje ochr\u00e1nkyn\u011b Anna \u0160abatov\u00e1 sv\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed br\u00e1nit lidi se zdravotn\u00edm<\/span> posti\u017een\u00edm, kte\u0159\u00ed pracuj\u00ed a jsou vystaveni takov\u00e9 nespravedlnosti.<\/p>\n

Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzda s posv\u011bcen\u00edm vl\u00e1dy<\/strong><\/p>\n

Podle MPSV m\u00e1 diskrimina\u010dn\u00ed na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed stabilizovat a zlep\u0161it postaven\u00ed invalidn\u00edch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f na trhu pr\u00e1ce a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b br\u00e1nit jejich propou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Takov\u00fd argument v\u0161ak ochr\u00e1nkyn\u011b pova\u017euje za nepodlo\u017een\u00fd. Na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je podle n\u00ed v rozporu se z\u00e1kon\u00edkem pr\u00e1ce, antidiskrimina\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1konem, Listinou z\u00e1kladn\u00edch pr\u00e1v a svobod a pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b tak\u00e9 s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi z\u00e1vazky \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky a pr\u00e1vem Evropsk\u00e9 unie ve vztahu k osob\u00e1m se zdravotn\u00edm<\/span> posti\u017een\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Ministerstvo pr\u00e1ce a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed sice ozna\u010duje tento stav za ochrann\u00e9 opat\u0159en\u00ed ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed osob se zdravotn\u00edm<\/span> posti\u017een\u00edm, ale u\u017e jen fakt, \u017ee mezi nimi rozli\u0161uje podle toho, jestli se \u00fa\u010dastnily d\u016fchodov\u00e9ho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nebo ne, usv\u011bd\u010duje ministerstvo, \u017ee nejde o poskytnut\u00ed v\u00fdhody, ale naopak o znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Podle ochr\u00e1nkyn\u011b je zcela z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vl\u00e1dy zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 invalidn\u00ed d\u016fchody k dorovn\u00e1n\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzdy, co\u017e je v p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m rozporu s \u00fa\u010delem t\u00e9to d\u00e1vky.<\/p>\n

Invalidn\u00ed d\u016fchod kompenzuje poji\u0161t\u011bnc\u016fm pokles pracovn\u00ed schopnosti z d\u016fvodu zdravotn\u00edho<\/span> posti\u017een\u00ed. Nahrazuje tedy p\u0159\u00edjem, o kter\u00fd zdravotn\u011b posti\u017een\u00fd p\u0159i\u0161el v d\u016fsledku hendikepu, a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b kompenzuje zt\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed na trhu pr\u00e1ce. Neslou\u017e\u00ed v\u0161ak, a slou\u017eit nem\u00e1, k dorovn\u00e1n\u00ed mzdy za odvedenou pr\u00e1ci, resp. k dorovn\u00e1n\u00ed sazeb minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzdy a nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edch \u00farovn\u00ed zaru\u010den\u00e9 mzdy.<\/p>\n

Tuto nespravedlnost v odm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed ilustruj\u00ed podn\u011bty a st\u00ed\u017enosti, s nimi\u017e se ochr\u00e1nkyn\u011b opakovan\u011b setk\u00e1v\u00e1. Typicky jde o zam\u011bstnance bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch agentur nebo administrativn\u00ed pracovn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed nam\u00edtaj\u00ed, \u017ee jejich pracovn\u00ed n\u00e1pl\u0148, rozsah a rozvr\u017een\u00ed pracovn\u00ed doby i rozsah vykon\u00e1van\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce jsou stejn\u00e9 jako u jejich zdrav\u00fdch koleg\u016f, p\u0159esto dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed mzdu.<\/p>\n

Invalidn\u00ed d\u016fchod nen\u00ed d\u016fvodem pro nevyplacen\u00ed pr\u00e9mi\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zam\u011bstnavatel m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo hodnotit pracovn\u00ed v\u00fdkony jednotliv\u00fdch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f a podle toho rozhodovat o v\u00fd\u0161i pr\u00e9mi\u00ed \u010di osobn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edplatku. Sou\u010dasn\u011b ale mus\u00ed respektovat princip spravedliv\u00e9 odm\u011bny a rovn\u00e9ho zach\u00e1zen\u00ed se zam\u011bstnanci. A\u010dkoli je tedy rozli\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed z d\u016fvodu zdravotn\u00edho<\/span> posti\u017een\u00ed nez\u00e1konn\u00e9, doch\u00e1z\u00ed k n\u011bmu. Potvrzuje to v\u00edce ne\u017e des\u00edtka lid\u00ed se zdravotn\u00edm<\/span> posti\u017een\u00edm, kte\u0159\u00ed se v posledn\u00edch dvou letech na ochr\u00e1nkyni obr\u00e1tili se st\u00ed\u017enost\u00ed na zam\u011bstnavatele. Ti jim odep\u0159eli nebo v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eili pr\u00e9mie nebo osobn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edplatky, v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech dokonce p\u0159\u00edmo s od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00edm, \u017ee tyto \u010d\u00e1sti mzdy zam\u011bstnanec nepot\u0159ebuje, proto\u017ee pob\u00edr\u00e1 invalidn\u00ed d\u016fchod.<\/p>\n

V jednom z \u0161et\u0159en\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f zam\u011bstnanec se zdravotn\u00edm<\/span> posti\u017een\u00edm prokazateln\u011b odpracoval pro zam\u011bstnavatele v\u00edce hodin ne\u017e jeho kolegov\u00e9, p\u0159esto dostal t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159ikr\u00e1t m\u00e9n\u011b pen\u011bz na pr\u00e9mi\u00edch. Jin\u00fd st\u011b\u017eovatel m\u011bl podle pracovn\u00ed smlouvy dost\u00e1vat pr\u00e9mie v podob\u011b procent z tr\u017eeb, ale oproti sv\u00fdm zdrav\u00fdm koleg\u016fm je dost\u00e1val v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed s od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00edm, \u017ee pr\u00e9mie nepot\u0159ebuje, proto\u017ee pob\u00edr\u00e1 invalidn\u00ed d\u016fchod. Dal\u0161\u00ed zam\u011bstnankyn\u011b v administrativ\u011b nam\u00edtala, \u017ee jej\u00edm zdrav\u00fdm koleg\u016fm se stejnou pracovn\u00ed n\u00e1pln\u00ed a pracovn\u00edm \u00favazkem poskytuje zam\u011bstnavatel nejen pr\u00e9mie, ale i dal\u0161\u00ed benefity, zat\u00edmco ona dost\u00e1v\u00e1 jen minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzdu, a to je\u0161t\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eenou, proto\u017ee pob\u00edr\u00e1 invalidn\u00ed d\u016fchod.<\/p>\n

Pokud zam\u011bstnavatel vypl\u00e1c\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e9mie, proto\u017ee zam\u011bstnanec pob\u00edr\u00e1 invalidn\u00ed d\u016fchod, dopou\u0161t\u00ed se p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 diskriminace a zam\u011bstnanec se m\u016f\u017ee br\u00e1nit pod\u00e1n\u00edm antidiskrimina\u010dn\u00ed \u017ealoby k soudu. V praxi v\u0161ak k takov\u00e9mu \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed. Obt\u00ed\u017ee s uplatn\u011bn\u00edm se na pracovn\u00edm trhu vedou k tomu, \u017ee si lid\u00e9 se zdravotn\u00edm<\/span> posti\u017een\u00edm uv\u011bdomuj\u00ed diskrimina\u010dn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, ale \u010dasto rezignuj\u00ed na obranu sv\u00fdch pr\u00e1v z obav p\u0159ed ztr\u00e1tou zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed. O to d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je proto podle ochr\u00e1nkyn\u011b \u010dinnost oblastn\u00edch inspektor\u00e1t\u016f pr\u00e1ce a systematick\u00e9 pot\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed nerovnosti v odm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Inspektor\u00e1ty by se m\u011bly d\u016fsledn\u011b zab\u00fdvat v\u0161emi podez\u0159el\u00fdmi d\u016fvody, kter\u00fdmi zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 nerovn\u00e9 odm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed vysv\u011btluj\u00ed. Nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 \u010di chybn\u00e9 posouzen\u00ed toti\u017e ve v\u00fdsledku protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed zam\u011bstnavatel\u016f legitimizuje.<\/p>\n

Podle na\u0161ich zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161ily oblastn\u00ed inspektor\u00e1ty pr\u00e1ce v roce 2014 365 podn\u011bt\u016f s n\u00e1mitkou diskriminace. Po\u010det od roku 2010 stoupal, poklesl a\u017e v roce 2014.<\/p>\n

parlamentnilisty.cz<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.parlamentnilisty.cz\/article.aspx?rubrika=1423&clanek=423178<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ochr\u00e1nkyn\u011b odm\u00edt\u00e1 praxi, kdy lid\u00e9 se zdravotn\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se zdrav\u00fdmi kolegy ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed odm\u011bnu za stejnou pr\u00e1ci. Rozhodla se proto podat n\u00e1vrh \u00dastavn\u00edmu […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14424,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24669","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politika"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24669","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24669"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24669\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14424"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24669"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24669"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24669"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}