Fotografie novorozen\u00e9ho chlapce s neobvykle malou hlavou oblet\u011bla p\u0159ed dv\u011bma m\u011bs\u00edci sv\u011bt a stala se symbolem obav, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed t\u011bhotn\u00e9 \u017eeny z n\u00e1kazy virem zika. <\/p>\n
foto: Jos\u00e9 Wesley, zdroj: AP <\/p>\n
Jos\u00e9 Wesley se narodil p\u0159ed \u010dty\u0159mi m\u011bs\u00edci s mikrocefali\u00ed, jej\u00ed\u017e vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdskyt v n\u011bkter\u00fdch zem\u00edch Latinsk\u00e9 Ameriky je spojov\u00e1n s nyn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed epidemi\u00ed viru zika.<\/p>\n
„Pro m\u011b je norm\u00e1ln\u00ed. V\u00edm, \u017ee m\u00e1 mikrocefalii, vid\u011bla jsem to na v\u00fdsledc\u00edch test\u016f a \u0159\u00edkal to doktor, ale vychov\u00e1v\u00e1m ho jako norm\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b,“ \u0159ekla Wesleyho matka Solange Ferreiraov\u00e1 stanici BBC.<\/p>\n
Dev\u011btat\u0159icetilet\u00e1 Brazilka prod\u011blala ve \u010dtvrt\u00e9m m\u011bs\u00edci t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed infekci, jej\u00ed\u017e p\u0159\u00edznaky byly podobn\u00e9 n\u00e1kaze virem zika, tedy vysok\u00e9 teploty, bolesti hlavy a kloub\u016f. Tehdy se je\u0161t\u011b ned\u011blaly testy, tak\u017ee Ferreiraov\u00e1 nev\u00ed jist\u011b, zda m\u011bla pr\u00e1v\u011b ob\u00e1van\u00fd virus p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00fd kom\u00e1ry.<\/p>\n
O viru zika se za\u010dalo v\u00edce hovo\u0159it loni na podzim, kdy\u017e se n\u00e1kaza \u0161\u00ed\u0159ila v Braz\u00edlii a dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch Latinsk\u00e9 Ameriky. Dosud byla tato choroba, na n\u00ed\u017e neexistuje l\u00e9k, diagnostikov\u00e1na ve dvac\u00edtce zem\u00ed Ameriky a v\u00fdskyt byl zaznamen\u00e1n i v Evrop\u011b, v\u010detn\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. P\u0159\u00edznaky nemoci jsou sp\u00ed\u0161e m\u00edrn\u00e9, nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 je v\u0161ak pro v\u00fdvoj plodu.<\/p>\n
Jos\u00e9 Wesley se narodil p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b, tak\u017ee rodinu nep\u0159ekvapilo, \u017ee m\u00e1 men\u0161\u00ed hlavu, kdy\u017e byl cel\u00fd tak mali\u010dk\u00fd. Kdy\u017e ale prvn\u00ed dva m\u011bs\u00edce \u017eivota st\u00e1le plakal, \u0161la s n\u00edm matka, \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v jihobrazilsk\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b Poco Fundo, k l\u00e9ka\u0159i. Tomografie potvrdila malformaci mozku zp\u016fsobenou kongenit\u00e1ln\u00ed infekc\u00ed, tedy infekc\u00ed b\u011bhem t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed matky.<\/p>\n
„Te\u010f bych si nejv\u00edce p\u0159\u00e1la, aby se za\u010dalo s l\u00e9\u010dbou, aby nebyl posti\u017een\u00fd je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce, ne\u017e je,“ \u0159ekla Wesleyho matka. L\u00e9\u010dba mikrocefalie neexistuje a nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady kon\u010d\u00ed smrt\u00ed plodu \u010di novorozence v prvn\u00edch dnech \u010di t\u00fddnech \u017eivota. Aplikuje se v\u0161ak terapie, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 podpo\u0159it v\u00fdvoj d\u00edt\u011bte, aby jeho \u017eivot co nejv\u00edce p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eila \u017eivotu zdrav\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte. Jde nap\u0159\u00edklad o fyzioterapii \u010di v\u00fduku \u0159e\u010di.<\/p>\n
Wesleyho rodina pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed „l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e9“ metody. Star\u0161\u00ed sourozenci mu pou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed hudbu a koupaj\u00ed ho, aby ho uklidnili. Pr\u00e1v\u011b fotografie mali\u010dk\u00e9ho Jos\u00e9ho v kybl\u00edku vody ho nejv\u00edce proslavila. Jej\u00edm autorem je fotograf agentury AP Felipe Dana.<\/p>\n
P\u0159\u00ed\u010dina mikrocefalie je bu\u010f d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e1, nebo sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed, tedy nap\u0159\u00edklad v d\u016fsledku infekce, vlivu toxick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek \u010di ionizuj\u00edc\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Mozek d\u00edt\u011bte pak roste pomaleji a jeliko\u017e nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k tlak\u016fm pot\u0159ebn\u00fdm k rozta\u017een\u00ed lebe\u010dn\u00edch kost\u00ed, je men\u0161\u00ed i hlava.<\/p>\n
V\u011bt\u0161ina d\u011bt\u00ed s mikrocefali\u00ed m\u00e1 men\u0161\u00ed mozek a vykazuje ment\u00e1ln\u00ed a t\u011blesn\u00e9 v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 poruchy. D\u011bti trp\u00ed opo\u017ed\u011bn\u00fdm v\u00fdvojem \u0159e\u010di, ch\u016fze \u010di spole\u010densk\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed, n\u011bkter\u00e9 jsou hluch\u00e9 \u010di nedosl\u00fdchaj\u00ed. Maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1chylnost k infek\u010dn\u00edm nemocem. N\u011bkter\u00e9 mohou m\u00edt ochrnut\u00e9 kon\u010detiny.<\/p>\n
Mnoho osob s mikrocefali\u00ed ale m\u016f\u017ee trp\u011bt pouze drobn\u00fdmi poruchami a ment\u00e1ln\u011b mohou b\u00fdt zcela norm\u00e1ln\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Mikrocefalie se d\u00e1 odhalit a\u017e koncem druh\u00e9ho trimestru t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed ultrazvukem. Je pom\u011brn\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00e1, objevuje se v jednom p\u0159\u00edpadu na deset a\u017e patn\u00e1ct tis\u00edc porod\u016f.<\/p>\n
V Braz\u00edlii, kter\u00e1 je nejv\u00edce zasa\u017eena virem zika, od lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edjna diagnostikovali mikrocefalii u v\u00edce ne\u017e 580 novorozenc\u016f, dal\u0161\u00edch asi 4100 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f se pro\u0161et\u0159uje. Asi 30 d\u011bt\u00ed na ni od \u0159\u00edjna zem\u0159elo, dal\u0161\u00edch 80 \u00famrt\u00ed se vy\u0161et\u0159uje.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Fotografie novorozen\u00e9ho chlapce s neobvykle malou hlavou oblet\u011bla p\u0159ed dv\u011bma m\u011bs\u00edci sv\u011bt a stala se symbolem obav, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed t\u011bhotn\u00e9 \u017eeny z n\u00e1kazy virem zika.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24703,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24702","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24702","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24702"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24702\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/24703"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24702"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24702"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24702"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}