{"id":24775,"date":"2016-03-02T11:51:08","date_gmt":"2016-03-02T10:51:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=24775"},"modified":"2016-03-02T11:51:08","modified_gmt":"2016-03-02T10:51:08","slug":"zaci-se-uci-kourit-od-spoluzaku-a-to-casto-v-restauraci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=24775","title":{"rendered":"\u017d\u00e1ci se u\u010d\u00ed kou\u0159it od spolu\u017e\u00e1k\u016f, a to \u010dasto v restauraci"},"content":{"rendered":"

Studenti st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol se u\u010d\u00ed kou\u0159it hlavn\u011b od spolu\u017e\u00e1k\u016f. Jejich vlivu podl\u00e9haj\u00ed chlapci. Nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je u t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed \u010dast\u011bji chod\u00ed s vrstevn\u00edky do bar\u016f a restaurac\u00ed a pij\u00ed tam alkohol. Uk\u00e1zala to studie<\/a><\/span>, jej\u00ed\u017e v\u00fdsledky zve\u0159ejnil Institut pro demokracii a ekonomickou anal\u00fdzu (IDEA) p\u0159i akademick\u00e9m pracovi\u0161ti CERGE-EI.<\/p>\n

Sn\u011bmovna by m\u011bla p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed t\u00fdden projedn\u00e1vat z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 zak\u00e1zat kou\u0159en\u00ed v restaurac\u00edch.<\/p>\n

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Mlad\u00ed \u010ce\u0161i pat\u0159\u00ed podle evropsk\u00e9 \u0161koln\u00ed studie ESPAD spolu se sv\u00fdmi vrstevn\u00edky z D\u00e1nska a N\u011bmecka k rekordman\u016fm v pit\u00ed alkoholu a umis\u0165uj\u00ed se na p\u0159edn\u00edch p\u0159\u00ed\u010dk\u00e1ch i v kou\u0159en\u00ed cigaret. Podle studie institutu IDEA m\u00e1 v\u00fdb\u011br st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161koly v\u00fdznamn\u00fd dopad nejen na znalosti, ale i na to, jestli student bude kou\u0159it a p\u00edt alkohol, tedy na jeho budouc\u00ed zdrav\u00ed a d\u00e9lku \u017eivota.<\/p>\n

Vliv na to, zda d\u011bti za\u010dnou po p\u0159echodu ze z\u00e1kladn\u00ed na st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kolu kou\u0159it, maj\u00ed jejich vrstevn\u00edci. N\u00e1zor spolu\u017e\u00e1k\u016f hraje roli u chlapc\u016f, u d\u00edvek ne. Pokud se hoch tedy dostane do t\u0159\u00eddy, kde polovina student\u016f kou\u0159\u00ed, zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed se podle v\u00fdsledk\u016f studie o deset procent pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee s\u00e1m tak\u00e9 bude kou\u0159it. Podstatn\u00e9 je i to, zda mlad\u00ed chod\u00ed do restaurac\u00ed a bar\u016f. Tam je toti\u017e vliv vrstevn\u00edk\u016f siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

„Pokud student chod\u00ed do hospody se spolu\u017e\u00e1ky, kte\u0159\u00ed kou\u0159\u00ed, m\u00e1 v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost se od nich kou\u0159en\u00ed nau\u010dit ne\u017e student, kter\u00fd do hospody nechod\u00ed,“ uv\u00e1d\u00ed studie. Podle n\u00ed tak kou\u0159en\u00ed mlad\u00fdch „do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry“ podporuje pr\u00e1v\u011b pop\u00edjen\u00ed v podnic\u00edch a tento z\u00e1v\u011br by m\u011bl b\u00fdt pro debatu o p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9m z\u00e1kazu kou\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed. Materi\u00e1l ale poukazuje na to, \u017ee se diskuse t\u00fdk\u00e1 sp\u00ed\u0161 \u0161kodlivosti aktivn\u00edho i pasivn\u00edho kou\u0159en\u00ed \u010di omezov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1v vlastn\u00edk\u016f restaurac\u00ed, kou\u0159en\u00ed mlad\u00fdch opom\u00edj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

„V t\u00e9to h\u0159e nejde ani tak o dosp\u011blou populaci, ale hlavn\u011b o ml\u00e1de\u017e. Zejm\u00e9na jde o to, jak snadno se kou\u0159en\u00ed mezi mlad\u00fdmi lidmi roz\u0161i\u0159uje, kde se ml\u00e1de\u017e obvykle sch\u00e1z\u00ed a jak snadno si cigarety po\u0159\u00edd\u00ed,“ uv\u00e1d\u00ed studie.<\/p>\n

IDEA vych\u00e1zela z v\u00fdsledk\u016f studie ESPAD, kter\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u010dty\u0159i roky mapuje kou\u0159en\u00ed, pit\u00ed alkoholu a u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed drog u \u0161estn\u00e1ctilet\u00fdch. Auto\u0159i brali v potaz t\u0159eba kou\u0159en\u00ed spolu\u017e\u00e1k\u016f p\u0159ed n\u00e1stupem na st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kolu, kou\u0159en\u00ed star\u0161\u00edch spolu\u017e\u00e1k\u016f p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru \u0161koly \u010di zku\u0161enosti s kou\u0159en\u00edm a pit\u00edm p\u0159ed n\u00e1stupem do \u0161koly. V\u00fdsledkem je odhad vlivu vrstevn\u00edk\u016f na pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee bude prv\u00e1k kou\u0159it.<\/p>\n

Podle v\u00fdsledk\u016f posledn\u00ed studie ESPAD z roku 2011 za sv\u016fj \u017eivot v\u00edc ne\u017e \u010dty\u0159icetkr\u00e1t pila alkoholick\u00e9 n\u00e1poje polovina \u0161estn\u00e1ctilet\u00fdch \u010cech\u016f a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159etina stejn\u011b star\u00fdch \u010ce\u0161ek. V posledn\u00edm m\u011bs\u00edci se v\u00edc ne\u017e desetkr\u00e1t napila skoro p\u011btina \u0161estn\u00e1ctilet\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1k\u016f a desetina \u0161kola\u010dek. Cigaretu si denn\u011b zap\u00e1lilo 27 procent chlapc\u016f a 24 procent d\u00edvek. V\u00edc ne\u017e deset cigaret denn\u011b vykou\u0159ila desetina chlapc\u016f a p\u0159es \u0161est procent d\u00edvek. Polovina dot\u00e1zan\u00fdch uvedla, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina jejich p\u0159\u00e1tel kou\u0159\u00ed. Dv\u011b p\u011btiny \u0161kol\u00e1k\u016f pak odpov\u011bd\u011bly, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina jejich p\u0159\u00e1tel se ob\u010das opije.<\/p>\n

Podle studie by se v boji proti kou\u0159en\u00ed u mlad\u00fdch m\u011blo s vlivem vrstevn\u00edk\u016f po\u010d\u00edtat.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Studenti st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol se u\u010d\u00ed kou\u0159it hlavn\u011b od spolu\u017e\u00e1k\u016f. Jejich vlivu podl\u00e9haj\u00ed chlapci. Nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je u t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed \u010dast\u011bji chod\u00ed s vrstevn\u00edky do bar\u016f a […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24775","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24775","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24775"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24775\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24775"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24775"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24775"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}