{"id":24787,"date":"2016-03-04T17:33:13","date_gmt":"2016-03-04T16:33:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=24787"},"modified":"2016-03-04T17:33:13","modified_gmt":"2016-03-04T16:33:13","slug":"podal-nohu-prezidentovi-usa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=24787","title":{"rendered":"Podal nohu prezidentovi USA"},"content":{"rendered":"

Od narozen\u00ed jednoho z prvn\u00edch a nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch chovanc\u016f Jedli\u010dkova \u00fastavu ned\u00e1vno uplynulo 115 let. Prvorepublikov\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnost ho znala jako „bezruk\u00e9ho Frant\u00edka“.<\/strong><\/p>\n

socha svobody foto: carolinajg \/ MorgueFile
\nTrp\u011bl ameli\u00ed, vrozen\u00fdm nevyvinut\u00edm kon\u010detin, p\u0159i\u0161el na sv\u011bt bez rukou. A tak se nohama nau\u010dil v\u0161echno \u2013 od psan\u00ed a\u017e po \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed automobilu.<\/p>\n

Franti\u0161ek Filip se narodil 20. \u00fanora 1904 v obci Jamn\u00e9 nad Orlic\u00ed. Proto\u017ee se nem\u011bl jak p\u0159idr\u017eet, za\u010dal chodit pozd\u011bji ne\u017e jin\u00e9 d\u011bti. Nejmlad\u0161\u00ed ze \u0161esti sourozenc\u016f se t\u00edm ale netr\u00e1pil a \u0159\u00edkal, \u017ee mu p\u0159ed narozen\u00edm ukousl ruce \u010d\u00e1p. Nohama se sna\u017eil d\u011blat v\u0161e: vz\u00edt prsty u nohou k\u00e1men a p\u0159ehodit kostel, pou\u0161t\u011bt draka, cvrnkat kuli\u010dky \u2013 a taky se pr\u00e1t.
\nVe \u0161kole m\u011bl u\u010ditele, kter\u00fd pro n\u011bj nechal ud\u011blat \u0161ikmo nastavitelnou desku. St\u00e1la na podlaze a Frant\u00edk nad n\u00ed sed\u011bl a nohama psal i kreslil. \u0160kola ho bavila, ale nej\u0161\u0165astn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed byl na n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed v Jablonn\u00e9m nad Orlic\u00ed. Na peron\u011b p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u011bl svoji \u0161ikovnost \u2013 a trochu \u017eebral. To, s jakou bravurou v\u0161e nohama sb\u00edral a ukl\u00e1dal do kapsy na b\u0159i\u0161e, p\u0159ipom\u00ednalo \u017eongl\u00e9rsk\u00e1 vystoupen\u00ed. Jednou zaujal i \u0159editele zemsk\u00e9 nemocnice a m\u00edstop\u0159edsedu pra\u017esk\u00e9ho Spolku pro l\u00e9\u010dbu a v\u00fdchovu mrz\u00e1k\u016f a rachitik\u016f. Doktor Jan Dvo\u0159\u00e1k vystoupil, dal se s n\u00edm do \u0159e\u010di, na\u010de\u017e za dva t\u00fddny dostal starosta Jamn\u00e9ho dopis: Frant\u00edk je p\u0159ijat do nov\u011b vznikl\u00e9ho Jedli\u010dkova \u00fastavu v Praze a m\u016f\u017ee 3. prosince 1913 nastoupit.<\/p>\n

Chci, proto um\u00edm<\/p>\n

V rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed rodi\u010d\u016f, zda poslat do sv\u011bta dev\u00edtilet\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b, p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017eila praktick\u00e1 hlediska: pobyt v \u00fastavu je bezplatn\u00fd, kluk se nau\u010d\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e9mu \u0159emeslu, neskon\u010d\u00ed na ulici jako \u017eebr\u00e1k.
\nChovanc\u016fm se v \u00fastavu l\u00edbilo. To byla z\u00e1sluha \u0159editele Franti\u0161ka Bakuleho. „Chci, a proto um\u00edm!“ tak zn\u011blo jedno z hesel, kter\u00fdmi ob\u011btav\u00fd u\u010ditel vedl posti\u017een\u00e9 k sob\u011bsta\u010dnosti. Mnoh\u00e9 d\u011bti nemohly r\u00e1no ani dospat, jak se t\u011b\u0161ily do t\u0159\u00eddy, je\u017e byla sou\u010dasn\u011b u\u010debnou, d\u00edlnou i j\u00eddelnou. Dopoledne m\u011bly v\u00fduku \u0161koln\u00ed, pot\u00e9 praktickou \u2013 pleten\u00ed ko\u0161\u00edk\u016f, pr\u00e1ce se d\u0159evem, kovem nebo kameny. Vyr\u00e1b\u011bly prout\u011bn\u00e9 zbo\u017e\u00ed, hra\u010dky i suven\u00fdry; v\u0161e \u0161lo na odbyt.
\nT\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 idyla ale zakr\u00e1tko skon\u010dila: po za\u010d\u00e1tku prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky sem p\u0159ich\u00e1zeli zmrza\u010den\u00ed voj\u00e1ci. V Jedli\u010dkov\u011b \u00fastavu nastala nov\u00e1 situace: mrz\u00e1\u010dci od p\u0159\u00edrody, s osudem sm\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed, u\u010dili mrz\u00e1ky v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9, osudem zasko\u010den\u00e9, jak pracovat bez amputovan\u00fdch kon\u010detin a jak vlastn\u011b \u017e\u00edt.
\n„To mus\u00edte ud\u011blat takhle, pane voj\u00e1ku,“ vysv\u011btloval t\u0159eba Frant\u00edk, jak se pilka dr\u017e\u00ed nohama. \u010casem tu vznikly manufaktury: v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00ed invalid\u00e9 d\u011blali prot\u00e9zy a st\u00e1l\u00ed chovanci upom\u00ednkov\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty. „Kdy\u017e stoupl z\u00e1jem o na\u0161e zbo\u017e\u00ed, v\u00fdrobu jsme pl\u00e1novali a zalo\u017eili v\u00fdrobn\u00ed d\u011btsk\u00e9 dru\u017estvo,“ vzpom\u00ednal pozd\u011bji Franti\u0161ek Filip ve sv\u00fdch knih\u00e1ch. „Pan \u0159editel Bakule to schv\u00e1lil, zvolili jsme si veden\u00ed i z\u00e1vodn\u00ed radu, ur\u010dili pracovn\u00ed dobu a odm\u011bny. M\u011bli jsme n\u011bco jako fabriku.“ Frant\u00edk byl jej\u00edm \u0159editelem.<\/p>\n

Loutk\u00e1\u0159 i \u0161of\u00e9r<\/p>\n

Rok po v\u00e1lce se \u0159editel Bakule nepohodl s profesorem Jedli\u010dkou, dal v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f a zalo\u017eil Bakul\u016fv \u00fastav pro v\u00fdchovu \u017eivotem a prac\u00ed. Nov\u00e9mu \u00fastavu poslou\u017eila euforie p\u0159i vzniku \u010ceskoslovenska a dar americk\u00e9ho \u010cerven\u00e9ho k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee 340 tis\u00edc korun. Pomohl k v\u00fdstavb\u011b vily na sm\u00edchovsk\u00e9 Mr\u00e1zovce. Pokrokov\u00fd pedagog Bakule nemusel br\u00e1t ohled na konzervativn\u00ed n\u00e1zory nad\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch, a tak v \u00fastavu zalo\u017eil i loutkov\u00e9 divadlo a p\u011bveck\u00fd sbor, v n\u011bm\u017e zp\u00edvaly i zdrav\u00e9 d\u011bti.
\nV nov\u00e9m p\u016fsobi\u0161ti h\u00fd\u0159il aktivitou i Franti\u0161ek. Hr\u00e1l s loutkami, vy\u0159ez\u00e1val je a pe\u010doval o elektrick\u00e9 osv\u011btlen\u00ed divad\u00e9lka. A v \u0161estn\u00e1cti si splnil sen: nau\u010dil se \u0159\u00eddit auto. Pozd\u011bji, kdy psal do novin, uvedl v \u010dl\u00e1nku J\u00e1 a moje auto: „Za\u010dal jsem v kv\u011btnu 1920. Na\u0161el se in\u017een\u00fdr, kter\u00fd se mne ujal, a za\u010dala doba v\u00fdcviku. Bylo to v Karl\u00edn\u011b na Invalidovn\u011b. Projeli jsme jednou vojensk\u00fdm cvi\u010di\u0161t\u011bm a hned byla prvn\u00ed sm\u016fla. Spadl n\u00e1m \u0159et\u00edzek z magnetu. V\u016fz zastavil, pan in\u017een\u00fdr vystoupil, aby \u0159et\u00edzek znovu nasadil na ozuben\u00e1 kole\u010dka. Nam\u00e1hal se \u010dtvrt hodiny, p\u016fl hodiny, pot se mu \u0159inul z \u010dela, ale \u0159et\u00edzek ne a ne dostat na p\u016fvodn\u00ed m\u00edsto. Pane in\u017een\u00fdre, dovolte, a\u0165 to zkus\u00edm, a strkal jsem nohu do motoru. Ale, \u010dlov\u011b\u010de, j\u00e1 to neud\u011bl\u00e1m rukou \u2013 a vy to chcete ud\u011blat nohou? Ale mn\u011b se pokus zda\u0159il.“ Po zevrubn\u00e9m popisu \u010dinnosti nohou p\u0159i j\u00edzd\u011b kon\u010dil shrnut\u00edm: „V j\u00edzd\u011b nabyl jsem takov\u00e9 praxe, \u017ee bezpe\u010dn\u011b jezd\u00edm a\u017e stokilometrovou rychlost\u00ed. M\u00e1 j\u00edzda stala se zakr\u00e1tko senzac\u00ed Prahy a po kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 noticce \u010cesk\u00e9ho slova dostavilo se ke mn\u011b n\u011bkolik fotograf\u016f a kinooperat\u00e9r\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed necht\u011bli v\u011b\u0159it novinov\u00fdm zpr\u00e1v\u00e1m. O j\u00edzd\u011b pra\u017esk\u00fdmi ulicemi nato\u010dili jsme kr\u00e1tk\u00fd film Bezruk\u00fd \u0161of\u00e9r, kter\u00fd byl prom\u00edtnut v\u0161emi pra\u017esk\u00fdmi biografy a pozd\u011bji \u0161el do ciziny, kde ud\u011blal velk\u00fd rozruch.“
\nByl zn\u00e1m\u00fd a popul\u00e1rn\u00ed. S \u00fastavn\u00edmi loutk\u00e1\u0159i jezdil dva roky po republice a p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostn\u011b zp\u00edval s tzv. Bakulov\u00fdmi zp\u011bv\u00e1\u010dky. Sbor t\u011blesn\u011b posti\u017een\u00fdch a \u010dasem i zdrav\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed m\u011bl v reperto\u00e1ru lidov\u00e9 p\u00edsn\u011b i skladby Smetany \u010di Dvo\u0159\u00e1ka. Kdy\u017e byl roku 1923 pozv\u00e1n k dvoum\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edmu turn\u00e9 do USA, na cestu dostal p\u016fl milionu korun od prezidenta Masaryka. Vystoupen\u00ed ve dvaceti americk\u00fdch m\u011bstech korunovalo p\u0159ijet\u00ed prezidentem Warrenem G. Hardingem v B\u00edl\u00e9m dom\u011b. Tady se sbor setkal i s indi\u00e1nsk\u00fdm n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edkem jm\u00e9nem Red Fox, jen\u017e sem p\u0159inesl poselstv\u00ed sv\u00e9ho kmene. Charizmatick\u00fd Frant\u00edk sm\u011ble podal n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edkovi a pot\u00e9 i prezidentovi USA pravou nohu, kdy\u017e zul nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 za\u0161n\u011brovanou botu. Tot\u00e9\u017e opakoval i p\u0159i setk\u00e1n\u00ed s automobilov\u00fdm kr\u00e1lem Fordem. Odm\u011bnou dostal v\u016fz s \u00fapravou na no\u017en\u00ed ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

P\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161el o „zno\u017enosti“<\/p>\n

Energick\u00fd a inteligentn\u00ed mlad\u00edk vystudoval obchodn\u00ed \u0161kolu a otev\u0159el si v Praze na Sm\u00edchov\u011b obchod s um\u011bleck\u00fdmi p\u0159edm\u011bty. Psaly o tom noviny, z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f m\u011bl dost, ale p\u0159i\u0161la hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 krize, a tak po t\u0159ech letech obchod zav\u0159el. Zva\u017eoval, co d\u00e1l. V\u00edce ho l\u00e1kalo p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161et o tom, jak lze \u017e\u00edt bez rukou, za doprovodu uk\u00e1zek nikoliv zru\u010dnost\u00ed, n\u00fdbr\u017e „zno\u017enost\u00ed“, jak \u0159\u00edk\u00e1val. K tomu pot\u0159eboval povolen\u00ed zemsk\u00e9ho \u0161kolsk\u00e9ho inspektora, kter\u00e9 po del\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b z\u00edskal.
\nFranti\u0161ek Filip o sv\u00e9m osudu p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161el a napsal i n\u011bkolik knih: Bezruk\u00fd Frant\u00edk p\u00ed\u0161e o sob\u011b (1926), Bezruk\u00fd Frant\u00edk p\u00ed\u0161e II. d\u00edl (1931), Moje ps\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtelkyn\u011b (1937), \u00dasp\u011bch (1941). Nevzdal se ani podnikatelsk\u00fdch pl\u00e1n\u016f: v Ro\u017enov\u011b pod Radho\u0161t\u011bm, kam jezdil na pr\u00e1zdniny, vybudoval u \u0159eky Be\u010dvy bufet a kav\u00e1rnu U Frant\u00edka. Kv\u016fli konkurenci ji musel pozd\u011bji zav\u0159\u00edt, \u017eil st\u0159\u00eddav\u011b u p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch v rodn\u00e9 obci a ve sv\u00e9m byt\u011b v Praze-Podol\u00ed a v\u011bnoval se psan\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u0160t\u011bst\u00ed v Brn\u011b<\/p>\n

Nov\u00fd el\u00e1n z\u00edskal koncem 30. let po odst\u011bhov\u00e1n\u00ed do Brna. Otev\u0159el tu kr\u00e1mek U Bezruk\u00e9ho Frant\u00edka a prod\u00e1val zmrzlinu a limon\u00e1dy. Pot\u00e9 zalo\u017eil inzertn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159, p\u00eds\u00e1rnu a rozmno\u017eovnu listin. Brn\u011bnsk\u00fdmi ulicemi jezdil ve sv\u00e9 fordce a brzy ho znalo cel\u00e9 m\u011bsto. V 38 letech se zamiloval, o\u017eenil a za rok se stal otcem.
\nZa protektor\u00e1tu a po v\u00e1lce slavil \u00fasp\u011bchy v podnik\u00e1n\u00ed: jeho firma z\u00edskala od radnice monopol na ve\u0161ker\u00e9 reklamy v brn\u011bnsk\u00fdch kinech a zam\u011bstn\u00e1vala t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvacet lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed sv\u00e9ho \u0161\u00e9fa uctiv\u011b oslovovali „pane redaktore“. Probl\u00e9my mu v\u0161ak \u010dasem vyvstaly v man\u017eelstv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 skon\u010dilo rozvodem.
\nPo n\u00e1stupu komunist\u016f a po zn\u00e1rodn\u011bn\u00ed firma Franti\u0161ka Filipa zanikla a on dostal invalidn\u00ed d\u016fchod. Chu\u0165 do \u017eivota v\u0161ak neztratil. Znovu se o\u017eenil a stal se dvakr\u00e1t otcem. V \u00fanoru 1957, v pouh\u00fdch t\u0159iapades\u00e1ti, n\u00e1hle zem\u0159el. Tisk uvedl, \u017ee skon z\u0159ejm\u011b usp\u00ed\u0161ila ka\u017edodenn\u00ed obrovsk\u00e1 n\u00e1maha. Nejoby\u010dejn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00fakony, kter\u00e9 d\u011bl\u00e1me rukama, musel toti\u017e prov\u00e1d\u011bt nohama. Denn\u011b ho tak \u010dekal bezpo\u010det vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch z\u00e1pas\u016f. Byl poh\u0159ben v Brn\u011b.<\/p>\n

O autorovi: Pavel Kol\u00e1\u0159, publicista<\/p>\n

Mlad\u00e1 fronta Dnes<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Od narozen\u00ed jednoho z prvn\u00edch a nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch chovanc\u016f Jedli\u010dkova \u00fastavu ned\u00e1vno uplynulo 115 let. Prvorepublikov\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnost ho znala jako „bezruk\u00e9ho Frant\u00edka“.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15201,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24787","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-spolecnost"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24787","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24787"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24787\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/15201"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24787"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24787"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24787"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}