{"id":24985,"date":"2016-03-19T10:43:31","date_gmt":"2016-03-19T09:43:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=24985"},"modified":"2016-03-19T10:52:21","modified_gmt":"2016-03-19T09:52:21","slug":"nadorove-bunky-vzajemne-spolupracuji-tym-vedcu-z-masarykovy-univerzity-odhalil-nove-chovani-bunek-jejich-objev-muze-zmenit-lecbu-rakoviny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=24985","title":{"rendered":"N\u00e1dorov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky vz\u00e1jemn\u011b spolupracuj\u00ed. T\u00fdm v\u011bdc\u016f z Masarykovy univerzity odhalil nov\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed bun\u011bk, jejich objev m\u016f\u017ee zm\u011bnit l\u00e9\u010dbu rakoviny"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci z Masarykovy univerzity odhalili a na unik\u00e1tn\u00edch z\u00e1znamech zdokumentovali chov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1dorov\u00fdch bun\u011bk, o kter\u00e9m v\u011bdci doposud nem\u011bli ani tu\u0161en\u00ed. Objasnili tak nap\u0159. i to, pro\u010d se n\u011bkter\u00fdm lidem onemocn\u011bn\u00ed vrac\u00ed. B\u011bhem tzv. ent\u00f3zy, kterou sledovali, m\u016f\u017ee spojen\u00edm dvou bun\u011bk vzniknout n\u00e1dorov\u00e1 bu\u0148ka, kter\u00e1 je schopna odolat v\u0161em dostupn\u00fdm mo\u017enostem l\u00e9\u010dby rakoviny.<\/strong>
\n
\nfoto: bu\u0148ky rakoviny, thespiritscience.net<\/p>\n

Na nov\u00e9 poznatky z Masarykovy univerzity te\u010f budou navazovat dal\u0161\u00ed instituce z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta, nap\u0159. v\u00fdvojem nov\u00fdch a efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch l\u00e9\u010div. <\/p>\n

Bu\u0148ka se p\u0159ibli\u017euje k druh\u00e9 bu\u0148ce, lehce se vz\u00e1jemn\u011b dot\u00fdkaj\u00ed, a\u017e jedna z nich vstoup\u00ed do druh\u00e9. Vznik\u00e1 \u201ebu\u0148ka v bu\u0148ce\u201c, o kter\u00e9 se d\u0159\u00edve v\u011bdci domn\u00edvali, \u017ee je projevem kanibalismu \u2013 tedy \u017ee jedna bu\u0148ka pohlt\u00ed druhou, kter\u00e1 um\u00edr\u00e1. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016fm z L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty Masarykovy univerzity se v\u0161ak poda\u0159ilo zjistit a na unik\u00e1tn\u00edch z\u00e1znamech zdokumentovat, \u017ee v mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech jde o opa\u010dn\u00fd proces \u2013 n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky spolu spolupracuj\u00ed. P\u0159i tzv. ent\u00f3ze je aktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ta bu\u0148ka, kter\u00e1 do druh\u00e9 bu\u0148ky \u201evstupuje\u201c a \u010din\u00ed tak vlastn\u011b dobrovoln\u011b. Vznik\u00e1 t\u00edm n\u00e1dorov\u00e1 bu\u0148ka, kter\u00e1 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 vlastnosti a schopnosti obou sv\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed a kter\u00e1 je natolik z\u00e1ke\u0159n\u00e1, \u017ee dok\u00e1\u017ee odol\u00e1vat v\u0161em doposud zn\u00e1m\u00fdm mo\u017enostem l\u00e9\u010dby rakoviny.
\nNezni\u010diteln\u00e9 bu\u0148ky
\n\u201eN\u00e1\u0161 v\u00fdzkum v podstat\u011b p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u0161patnou zpr\u00e1vu \u2013 zjistili jsme, \u017ee v t\u011ble nemocn\u00e9ho mohou b\u00fdt n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 nezni\u010d\u00ed ani nejagresivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed forma l\u00e9\u010dby. Na druhou stranu v\u011b\u0159\u00edme, \u017ee tento pr\u016flomov\u00fd poznatek poslou\u017e\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad pr\u00e1v\u011b k v\u00fdvoji nov\u00fdch l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch strategi\u00ed v onkologii,\u201c uvedl Michal Masa\u0159\u00edk, vedouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu z L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty Masarykovy univerzity, kde v\u00fdzkum t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159i roky prob\u00edhal.
\nNa podivn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady bun\u011bk, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed uvnit\u0159 jin\u00fdch bun\u011bk, nar\u00e1\u017eeli v\u011bdci u\u017e n\u011bkolik let. Doposud se ale nev\u011bd\u011blo, jak a pro\u010d k tomu v\u016fbec doch\u00e1z\u00ed. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci se proto myln\u011b domn\u00edvali, \u017ee jde o kanibalismus, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m jedna z bun\u011bk um\u00edr\u00e1. Chybn\u011b p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dali, \u017ee takov\u00fd proces je pro organismus nemocn\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd, proto\u017ee se j\u00edm n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky vz\u00e1jemn\u011b redukuj\u00ed.
\nUnik\u00e1tn\u00ed holografick\u00fd mikroskop
\n\u017de je tento proces naopak pro \u010dlov\u011bka velmi nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd, zjistili v\u011bdci z Masarykovy univerzity d\u00edky nov\u00e9 technologii holografick\u00e9ho mikroskopu Q-PHASE, kter\u00fd vznikl ve spolupr\u00e1ci Vysok\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed technick\u00e9ho a brn\u011bnsk\u00e9 firmy Tescan. Takov\u00fdch mikroskop\u016f je po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b zat\u00edm jen p\u011bt. <\/p>\n

\u201eUd\u011blali jsme n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek 48hodinov\u00fdch \u010dasosb\u011brn\u00fdch experiment\u016f. Sou\u010dasn\u011b jsme ve 2hodinov\u00fdch intervalech prov\u00e1d\u011bli pokus standardn\u00edmi molekul\u00e1rn\u011b biologick\u00fdmi a biochemick\u00fdmi metodami, kdy jsme zkoumali, jak se budou bu\u0148ky chovat ve velmi stresov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edtomnosti l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e1 funguje podobn\u011b jako chemoterapie. Zjistili jsme, \u017ee mezi n\u00e1dorov\u00fdmi bu\u0148kami je schopnost ent\u00f3zy pom\u011brn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 \u2013 je to asi 3procentn\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost. Pokud pak spolu za\u010dnou bu\u0148ky dob\u0159e spolupracovat, spoj\u00ed sv\u016fj genetick\u00fd materi\u00e1l a mohou vyu\u017e\u00edvat vlastnosti obou bun\u011bk. Zvy\u0161uje se tak pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee bu\u0148ka p\u0159e\u017eije velmi nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 podm\u00ednky,\u201c vysv\u011btlil \u010dlen v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu Jan Balvan.
\nPotvrdily to i v\u00fdsledky test\u016f. Bu\u0148ky spojen\u00e9 ent\u00f3zou vydr\u017eely v krajn\u011b nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed pod mikroskopem \u017e\u00edt o 8 hodin d\u00e9le ne\u017e ostatn\u00ed bu\u0148ky a stejn\u011b jako u bun\u011bk, kter\u00e9 v\u011bdci dr\u017eeli ve stresov\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, doch\u00e1zelo k n\u00e1r\u016fstu v\u00edcejadern\u00fdch bun\u011bk a obnov\u011b populace.
\nPro\u010d se rakovina vrac\u00ed
\n\u201eTyto bu\u0148ky jsou nav\u00edc velmi adaptabiln\u00ed. Maj\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed chromozom\u016f a mohou se tak dob\u0159e m\u011bnit podle toho, jak\u00e9 stresov\u00e9 podm\u00ednky p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed,\u201c doplnila v\u00fdzkumnice Martina Raudensk\u00e1. Takov\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem odol\u00e1vaj\u00ed bu\u0148ky v t\u011ble i velmi agresivn\u00edm l\u00e9\u010db\u00e1m a jsou \u010dasto d\u016fvodem, pro\u010d se rakovina pacient\u016fm vrac\u00ed. Maj\u00ed schopnost metastazovat, tedy odpojit se od n\u00e1doru a p\u0159em\u00edstit se do jin\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti t\u011bla, kde mohou n\u011bjak\u00fd \u010das hibernovat nebo se \u201eschovat\u201c do dal\u0161\u00ed bu\u0148ky a \u010dekat, ne\u017e pro n\u011b budou podm\u00ednky v t\u011ble p\u0159\u00edhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech se rakovina pacient\u016fm vrac\u00ed.
\nExistuje \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed? \u201eJe to hudba vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 budoucnosti, ale cestou je ur\u010dit\u011b personalizovan\u00e1 medic\u00edna. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 n\u00e1dorov\u00e1 bu\u0148ka je specifick\u00fdm \u017eiv\u00fdm organismem a n\u00e1dor je v podstat\u011b takov\u00fdm ekosyst\u00e9mem, kde je nejprve nezbytn\u00e9 odhalit, jak funguje a co jej m\u016f\u017ee naru\u0161it. V budoucnu snad bude mo\u017en\u00e9 zkoumat vzorky z biopsie pacienta, kter\u00fd je je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed l\u00e9\u010dbou, a vyzkou\u0161et na nich l\u00e9\u010dbu na ne\u010disto. Zjistili bychom, jak bu\u0148ky reaguj\u00ed a jestli pod stresem nevyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 mechanismy rezistence \u2013 nap\u0159. pr\u00e1v\u011b ent\u00f3zu. Podle toho by pak l\u00e9ka\u0159i mohli zvolit dopl\u0148kovou terapii tak, aby se t\u011bmto situac\u00edm zamezilo,\u201c uvedl Jarom\u00edr Gumulec, dal\u0161\u00ed v\u011bdec z v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu.
\nJak d\u00e1l?
\nPoznatky v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu Masarykovy univerzity vydal na konci lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku presti\u017en\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00fd \u010dasopis PLOS one. V nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed budoucnosti by na n\u011b mohly v\u011bdeck\u00e9 instituce nav\u00e1zat v\u00fdvojem nov\u00fdch l\u00e9\u010div nebo studiem molekul\u00e1rn\u00edch mechanism\u016f, kter\u00e9 by odhalily, pro\u010d a jak k procesu ent\u00f3zy v\u016fbec doch\u00e1z\u00ed. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci z L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 fakulty Masarykovy univerzity te\u010f maj\u00ed v pl\u00e1nu zkoumat, jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem na sebe vz\u00e1jemn\u011b reaguj\u00ed a zda jsou tak\u00e9 schopny podobn\u00e9 \u201espolupr\u00e1ce\u201c n\u00e1dorov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky s bu\u0148kami imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

Mgr. Hana Ne\u010dasov\u00e1 \t\t\t\t\t\tRNDr. Michal Masa\u0159\u00edk, Ph.D.
\nTiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci z Masarykovy univerzity odhalili a na unik\u00e1tn\u00edch z\u00e1znamech zdokumentovali chov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1dorov\u00fdch bun\u011bk, o kter\u00e9m v\u011bdci doposud nem\u011bli ani tu\u0161en\u00ed. Objasnili tak nap\u0159. i to, […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24987,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24985","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24985","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24985"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24985\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/24987"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24985"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24985"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24985"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}