{"id":25108,"date":"2016-04-02T15:24:38","date_gmt":"2016-04-02T13:24:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=25108"},"modified":"2016-04-02T15:24:38","modified_gmt":"2016-04-02T13:24:38","slug":"pocet-obeznich-ve-svete-od-roku-1975-vzrostl-na-sestinasobek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=25108","title":{"rendered":"Po\u010det ob\u00e9zn\u00edch ve sv\u011bt\u011b od roku 1975 vzrostl na \u0161estin\u00e1sobek"},"content":{"rendered":"

Po\u010det ob\u00e9zn\u00edch lid\u00ed za posledn\u00edch 40 let ve sv\u011bt\u011b prudce vzrostl – ze zhruba 105 milion\u016f v roce 1975 se do roku 2014 vy\u0161plhal na 641 milion\u016f.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vyplynulo to z mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu glob\u00e1ln\u00edch trend\u016f ve v\u00fdvoji indexu t\u011blesn\u00e9 hmotnosti (BMI). Studie zkoumala t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 20 milion\u016f dosp\u011bl\u00fdch ze 186 zem\u00ed sv\u011bta a jej\u00ed v\u00fdsledky zve\u0159ejnil odborn\u00fd \u010dasopis The Lancet.<\/p>\n

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V roce 1975 bylo ve sv\u011bt\u011b jen p\u0159es \u010dty\u0159i miliardy lid\u00ed, zat\u00edmco v roce 2014 u\u017e jich bylo v\u00edce ne\u017e sedm miliard. V\u00fdsledky studie tak potvrzuj\u00ed, \u017ee i p\u0159i tomto zohledn\u011bn\u00ed je n\u00e1r\u016fst po\u010dtu ob\u00e9zn\u00edch velmi v\u00fdrazn\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Index t\u011blesn\u00e9 hmotnosti (BMI – z anglick\u00e9ho body mass index) se vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 z hmotnosti \u010dlov\u011bka v kilogramech vyd\u011blen\u00e9 druhou mocninou jeho v\u00fd\u0161ky v metrech. Pokud se v\u00fdsledek pohybuje v rozp\u011bt\u00ed od 25 do 30, jde o nadv\u00e1hu; Index vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 30 znamen\u00ed obezitu, nad 40 jde o z\u00e1va\u017enou obezitu, kter\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bka ohro\u017euje na \u017eivot\u011b.<\/p>\n

Ve sv\u011bt\u011b je podle pr\u016fzkumu ob\u00e9zn\u00ed zhruba ka\u017ed\u00fd des\u00e1t\u00fd mu\u017e a ka\u017ed\u00e1 sedm\u00e1 \u017eena. Takzvan\u00e1 morbidn\u00ed obezita (BMI p\u0159es 40) se vyskytuje u jednoho procenta mu\u017e\u016f a dvou procent \u017een. Za \u010dty\u0159icet let do roku 2014 se pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd BMI zv\u00fd\u0161il u mu\u017e\u016f z 21,7 na 24,2, u \u017een z 22,1 na 24,4.<\/p>\n

Na zpr\u00e1v\u011b se pod\u00edlela Sv\u011btov\u00e1 zdravotnick\u00e1 organizace (WHO) a v\u00edce ne\u017e 700 v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Odborn\u00edci kv\u016fli rostouc\u00edm po\u010dt\u016fm ob\u00e9zn\u00edch lid\u00ed hovo\u0159\u00ed o epidemii.<\/p>\n

„Po\u010det lid\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b, jejich\u017e hmotnost p\u0159edstavuje v\u00e1\u017enou hrozbu pro jejich zdrav\u00ed je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kdykoli d\u0159\u00edve. Epidemie v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 obezity je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 na to, aby se dala \u0159e\u0161it jen pou\u017eit\u00edm l\u00e9k\u016f jako jsou p\u0159\u00edpravky na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed krevn\u00edho tlaku nebo l\u00e9\u010dbu cukrovky, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b vybudov\u00e1n\u00edm n\u011bkolika dal\u0161\u00edch cyklostezek“ upozornil profesor Majid Ezzati z presti\u017en\u00ed Kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 univerzity v Lond\u00fdn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed BMI v rozvinut\u00fdch zem\u00edch maj\u00ed dosp\u011bl\u00ed Japonci, nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed Ameri\u010dan\u00e9. V\u011bdci p\u0159edpov\u00eddaj\u00ed, \u017ee pokud bude pokra\u010dovat trend z posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00ed, bude na sv\u011bt\u011b do roku 2025 ob\u00e9zn\u00edch 18 procent mu\u017e\u016f a 21 procent \u017een.<\/p>\n

Podle podobn\u00e9 studie z roku 2014 je vysok\u00e1 t\u011blesn\u00e1 hmotnost probl\u00e9mem i v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice, kde bylo ob\u00e9zn\u00edch 17,8 procenta mu\u017e\u016f a 20,8 procenta \u017een.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Po\u010det ob\u00e9zn\u00edch lid\u00ed za posledn\u00edch 40 let ve sv\u011bt\u011b prudce vzrostl – ze zhruba 105 milion\u016f v roce 1975 se do roku 2014 vy\u0161plhal na […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15038,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25108","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25108","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=25108"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25108\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/15038"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=25108"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=25108"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=25108"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}