{"id":25564,"date":"2016-05-19T10:16:17","date_gmt":"2016-05-19T08:16:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=25564"},"modified":"2016-05-19T10:16:17","modified_gmt":"2016-05-19T08:16:17","slug":"petr-vysucek-vzdelavani-neslysicich-je-velice-citlive-tema","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=25564","title":{"rendered":"Petr Vysu\u010dek: Vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edch je velice citliv\u00e9 t\u00e9ma"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Ve sv\u00e9m zamy\u0161len\u00ed se v tomto prvn\u00edm d\u00edle zam\u011b\u0159\u00edm na d\u016fle\u017eitost vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edho d\u00edt\u011bte v jeho p\u0159irozen\u00e9m (rodn\u00e9m jazyce), kter\u00fdm je \u010desk\u00fd znakov\u00fd jazyk&#8230;.<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto: Photoxpress<\/p>\n<p>Pro jeho sly\u0161\u00edc\u00edho vrstevn\u00edka je p\u0159irozen\u00fdm jazykem \u010desk\u00fd jazyk. Vych\u00e1z\u00edm p\u0159itom z vlastn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti speci\u00e1ln\u00edho pedagoga pracuj\u00edc\u00edho ve Speci\u00e1ln\u011b pedagogick\u00e9m centru (SPC) p\u0159i \u0161kole pro d\u011bti s vadami sluchu v Hradci Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, kde se p\u0159i sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci dennodenn\u011b setk\u00e1v\u00e1m s nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edmi \u017e\u00e1ky, studenty a tak\u00e9 jejich rodi\u010di. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 jsem \u010dlenem komunity nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edch, a tak se setk\u00e1v\u00e1m i s p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy zprost\u0159edkovan\u011b od jin\u00fdch nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edch. A v neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b jsem jako nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bk pro\u0161el vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edm syst\u00e9mem a hodn\u011b v\u011bc\u00ed jsem za\u017eil s\u00e1m na sob\u011b a m\u00e1m dlouholet\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti.<\/p>\n<p>Vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edch je velice citliv\u00e9 t\u00e9ma. Moc bych si proto p\u0159\u00e1l, aby \u0161koly pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed za\u010daly b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1ny jak rodi\u010di, tak i z\u00e1stupci \u0161kolstv\u00ed nikoli jako za posledn\u00ed instance, kam doch\u00e1z\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e9 se &#8222;nepoda\u0159ilo integrovat&#8220;, ale jako pracovi\u0161t\u011b specializovan\u00e9, kter\u00e9 poskytuje kvalitn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed a optim\u00e1ln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed pro rozvoj soci\u00e1ln\u00edch dovednost\u00ed pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed d\u011bti, jejich\u017e prim\u00e1rn\u00edm komunika\u010dn\u00edm jazykem je \u010desk\u00fd znakov\u00fd jazyk.<\/p>\n<p>Jist\u00fdm vst\u0159\u00edcn\u00fdm krokem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt t\u0159eba fakt, \u017ee bychom z ka\u017edodenn\u00ed mluvy vypustili slova jako &#8222;\u0161koly b\u011b\u017en\u00e9&#8220;, &#8222;\u0161koly norm\u00e1ln\u00ed&#8220; a jako protiklad k nim &#8222;\u0161koly speci\u00e1ln\u00ed&#8220;. V\u011b\u0159\u00edm, \u017ee pro \u0159adu rodi\u010d\u016f by bylo rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed, zda jejich nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b bude chodit do \u0161koly, kter\u00e1 &#8222;nen\u00ed norm\u00e1ln\u00ed&#8220;, nebo do \u0161koly, kter\u00e1 je &#8222;pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed&#8220;, mnohem snaz\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Jak\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b vlastn\u011b pova\u017eujeme za nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed? Je to ka\u017ed\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 jakoukoli sluchovou vadu: jedn\u00e1 se o nedosl\u00fdchav\u00e9 i ohluchl\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed sluchadla i kochle\u00e1rn\u00ed implant\u00e1ty, stejn\u011b jako d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 komunikuj\u00ed prim\u00e1rn\u011b \u010desk\u00fdm znakov\u00fdm jazykem. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v procesu vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed podle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru nen\u00ed to, jak velkou kdo m\u00e1 ztr\u00e1tu sluchu, ani v jak\u00e9m v\u011bku ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b do\u0161lo, ale jak\u00fdm jazykem konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed jedinec (d\u00edt\u011b, student), o jeho\u017e vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed hovo\u0159\u00edme, komunikuje.<\/p>\n<p>V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je velk\u00fdm t\u00e9matem v na\u0161em \u0161kolstv\u00ed inkluzivn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed, \u017e\u00e1k\u016f a student\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed pot\u0159eby. Jedn\u00e1 se o za\u0159azen\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed se speci\u00e1ln\u00edmi vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edmi pot\u0159ebami do \u0161kol hlavn\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho proudu. Hovo\u0159\u00edme-li o inkluzi v souvislosti s d\u011btmi, \u017e\u00e1ky a studenty nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edmi, kte\u0159\u00ed komunikuj\u00ed v \u010desk\u00e9m znakov\u00e9m jazyce, jsou tito nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed (ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s ostatn\u00edmi skupinami, jako jsou t\u0159eba nevidom\u00ed, voz\u00ed\u010dk\u00e1\u0159i, autist\u00e9 a dal\u0161\u00ed) n\u011b\u010d\u00edm v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00ed: jako jedin\u00ed maj\u00ed jin\u00fd, \u010dili sv\u016fj rodn\u00fd jazyk. Jejich p\u0159irozen\u00fdm (rodn\u00fdm) jazykem je \u010desk\u00fd znakov\u00fd jazyk. Sly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b m\u00e1 jako rodn\u00fd jazyk \u010de\u0161tinu. \u010ce\u0161tina je pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b prvn\u00edm ciz\u00edm jazykem, kter\u00fd se mus\u00ed u\u010dit od sam\u00e9ho za\u010d\u00e1tku sv\u00e9 komunikace, stejn\u011b jako sv\u016fj p\u0159irozen\u00fd znakov\u00fd jazyk.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159istupovat k nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edm, kte\u0159\u00ed komunikuj\u00ed v \u010desk\u00e9m znakov\u00e9m jazyce jinak, ne\u017e k t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed komunikuj\u00ed v jazyce \u010desk\u00e9m, je p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed bezbari\u00e9rov\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed velice d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9. Nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edm d\u011btem, \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm a student\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed preferuj\u00ed p\u0159i komunikaci \u010desk\u00fd jazyk, &#8222;posta\u010d\u00ed&#8220; zvolit vhodn\u00fd zp\u016fsob podpory, kter\u00fd jim umo\u017en\u00ed \u010desk\u00fd jazyk p\u0159ij\u00edmat. U nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edch u\u017eivatel\u016f \u010desk\u00e9ho znakov\u00e9ho jazyka je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 myslet na to, \u017ee v\u00fduka mus\u00ed b\u00fdt tlumo\u010dena do jin\u00e9ho (znakov\u00e9ho) jazyka a \u017ee origin\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdklad i ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly jsou v jin\u00e9m jazyce (v \u010desk\u00e9m jazyce), ne\u017e v jak\u00e9m jazyce je pak student p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm tlumo\u010dn\u00edka.<\/p>\n<p>Nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b za\u0159azen\u00e9 do t\u0159\u00eddy hlavn\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho proudu ke sly\u0161\u00edc\u00edm spolu\u017e\u00e1k\u016fm se dostane do izolace. Pro\u010d? V\u0161ichni jeho kamar\u00e1di a spolu\u017e\u00e1ci mezi sebou komunikuj\u00ed, \u010dili se norm\u00e1ln\u011b socializuj\u00ed o p\u0159est\u00e1vk\u00e1ch i ve voln\u00e9m nebo z\u00e1jmov\u00e9m \u010dase bez p\u0159\u00edtomnosti jak\u00e9koli dosp\u011bl\u00e9 osoby. D\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e9 komunikuje \u010desk\u00fdm znakov\u00fdm jazykem, se bez tlumo\u010dn\u00edka v takov\u00fdchto situac\u00edch neobejde. Pokud nebude m\u00edt k dispozici tlumo\u010dn\u00edka, pak jsme nep\u0159izp\u016fsobili dan\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bti samotn\u00e9mu. Naopak, jsou to jeho sly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed i nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed rodi\u010de, kte\u0159\u00ed rozhodli, aby se jejich nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b p\u0159izp\u016fsobilo prost\u0159ed\u00ed a jejich p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Ve druh\u00e9m d\u00edle dokon\u010d\u00edme \u00favahu o pohled rodi\u010d\u016f na vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edho d\u00edt\u011bte.<\/p>\n<p>Mgr. Petr Vysu\u010dek, prezident ASNEP, asociace organizac\u00ed nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edch, nedosl\u00fdchav\u00fdch a jejich p\u0159\u00e1tel<\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: starostove-nezavisli.cz<\/p>\n<p>URL| http:\/\/www.parlamentnilisty.cz\/article.aspx?rubrika=1415&amp;clanek=436089<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Ve sv\u00e9m zamy\u0161len\u00ed se v tomto prvn\u00edm d\u00edle zam\u011b\u0159\u00edm na d\u016fle\u017eitost vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00edho d\u00edt\u011bte v jeho p\u0159irozen\u00e9m (rodn\u00e9m jazyce), kter\u00fdm je \u010desk\u00fd znakov\u00fd jazyk&#8230;.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6341,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25564","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nazory"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25564","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=25564"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25564\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6341"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=25564"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=25564"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=25564"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}