{"id":25757,"date":"2016-06-11T19:26:56","date_gmt":"2016-06-11T17:26:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=25757"},"modified":"2016-06-11T19:26:56","modified_gmt":"2016-06-11T17:26:56","slug":"zakerny-parkinson","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=25757","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1ke\u0159n\u00fd Parkinson"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Nemoc \u00bbzpopularizovali\u00ab slavn\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed ji maj\u00ed. Pat\u0159\u00ed k nim nap\u0159\u00edklad herec Michael J. Fox, trp\u011bl j\u00ed i Karol Wojtya \u010dili pape\u017e Jan Pavel II.<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu Parkinsonovy nemoci zat\u00edm nikdo nezn\u00e1. V\u00ed se jen, \u017ee jde o neurodegenerativn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00ed nervov\u00e9 soustavy. Bu\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed v jedn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti st\u0159edn\u00edho mozku l\u00e1tku dopamin, nadm\u011brn\u011b odum\u00edraj\u00ed. Dopamin funguje jako p\u0159ena\u0161e\u010d impuls\u016f, a kdy\u017e ho nen\u00ed dost, projevuje se to mimo jin\u00e9 na pohybu cel\u00e9ho t\u011bla. Organismus nedost\u00e1v\u00e1 z mozku dostatek podn\u011bt\u016f. Typick\u00fd je pak neovladateln\u00fd t\u0159es kon\u010detin, ale m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt i ke \u00bbzmrazen\u00ed\u00ab pohybu nebo t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 k\u0159e\u010de. Parkinsonova nemoc se projev\u00ed, kdy\u017e \u010dlov\u011bku chyb\u00ed kolem 70 % t\u011bchto bun\u011bk.<br \/>\nI kdy\u017e nen\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina parkinsona, v\u00edme, \u017ee svou roli hraj\u00ed \u00farazy hlavy v\u010detn\u011b opakovan\u00e9ho zhmo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed.<br \/>\nTo jsou ty pov\u011bstn\u00e9 \u00bbhlavi\u010dky\u00ab p\u0159i fotbale, o kter\u00fdch se v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 mluvit. \u00bbParkinsonsk\u00fdm\u00ab sportem je pochopiteln\u011b i box. Ke vzniku nemoci nepochybn\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed drogy, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm heroin. Zkoum\u00e1 se vliv r\u016fzn\u00fdch chemik\u00e1li\u00ed, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s b\u011b\u017en\u011b obklopuj\u00ed, ale zat\u00edm se vina \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z nich stoprocentn\u011b neprok\u00e1zala.<br \/>\nLond\u00fdnsk\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 James Parkinson popsal chorobu u\u017e v roce 1817, ale zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee ani po tak dlouh\u00e9 dob\u011b o n\u00ed ani l\u00e9ka\u0159i samotn\u00ed nemaj\u00ed v\u017edycky dostate\u010dn\u00e9 informace. M\u016f\u017ee je m\u00e1st fakt, \u017ee v po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch nemoci jsou pacienti je\u0161t\u011b sob\u011bsta\u010dn\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edznaky nejsou nijak vyhran\u011bn\u00e9. Herec M. J. Fox vzpom\u00edn\u00e1, \u017ee se u n\u011bj choroba poprv\u00e9 projevila neovladateln\u00fdm chv\u011bn\u00edm mal\u00ed\u010dku p\u0159i nat\u00e1\u010den\u00ed. L\u00e9ka\u0159 m\u011bl jasno: Je to tr\u00e9ma&#8230; Nemocn\u00ed sami nep\u0159ikl\u00e1daj\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost rychleji nastupuj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fanav\u011b, pocitu tuhosti a t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm kon\u010detin\u00e1m, k\u0159e\u010d\u00edm, zpomalen\u00ed ch\u016fze nebo zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 tvorb\u011b slin, slz a potu. Takov\u00e9 \u00bbmali\u010dkosti\u00ab nikomu nestoj\u00ed za pozornost, p\u0159\u00edznaky se nav\u00edc u r\u016fzn\u00fdch lid\u00ed li\u0161\u00ed. Ani v\u00fdvoj nemoci nem\u00e1 \u00bbstejn\u00fd sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u00ab. Parkinsona proto zpravidla l\u00e9ka\u0159i obvykle diagnostikuj\u00ed a\u017e potom, co vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed vylou\u010dila jin\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed.<br \/>\nChoroba m\u00e1 \u010dty\u0159i f\u00e1ze. V prvn\u00ed se projevuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky, zji\u0161\u0165uje se diagn\u00f3za, ale je\u0161t\u011b se \u00bbned\u011bje nic stra\u0161n\u00e9ho\u00ab. Druh\u00e1 f\u00e1ze je dokonce \u00bboddychov\u00e1\u00ab, pot\u00ed\u017ee ustupuj\u00ed. Pak ale p\u0159ijde f\u00e1ze t\u0159et\u00ed, kdy nast\u00e1vaj\u00ed probl\u00e9my s pohybem. Ve \u010dtvrt\u00e9 f\u00e1zi u\u017e to bez pomoci okol\u00ed nejde. Nemoc je ale z\u00e1ke\u0159n\u00e1 t\u00edm, \u017ee se st\u0159\u00eddaj\u00ed \u00bbfunkce zapnuto\/vypnuto\u00ab. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch chv\u00edl\u00edch, obvykle kdy\u017e zaberou l\u00e9ky, pacient \u00bbfunguje\u00ab, a vz\u00e1p\u011bt\u00ed se t\u0159ese a nem\u016f\u017ee po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b mluvit (vzpome\u0148te si na Karola Wojtyu). To m\u00e1 mj. praktick\u00e9 dopady t\u0159eba v p\u0159\u00edpade uzn\u00e1n\u00ed invalidity: Kdy\u017e se revizn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159 p\u0159i pravideln\u00e9m p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1n\u00ed setk\u00e1 s pacientem ve f\u00e1zi \u00bbzapnuto\u00ab, m\u00e1 dojem, \u017ee jde o celkem sob\u011bsta\u010dn\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka. Pak se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t, \u017ee parkinsonika po\u0161le do pr\u00e1ce a m\u00e1 pochyby i o pr\u016fkazce ZTP&#8230; &#8222;Za p\u00e1r minut po p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1n\u00ed komise se m\u016f\u017ee pacient \u00bbvypnout\u00ab do t\u00e9 m\u00edry, \u017ee nen\u00ed schopn\u00fd chodit \u010di srozumiteln\u011b mluvit, nebo se naopak zm\u00edt\u00e1 v mimovoln\u00fdch, nekontrolovateln\u00fdch pohybech,&#8220; \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 zakladatelka organizace Parkinson-Help, z. s., Romana Sk\u00e1la-Rosenbaum.<br \/>\nParkinson je prozat\u00edm nevyl\u00e9\u010diteln\u00fd. L\u00e9ky a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e1 operace mozku ale mohou zm\u00edrnit p\u0159\u00edznaky nemoci. Se spr\u00e1vnou l\u00e9\u010dbou mohou nemocn\u00ed d\u00e9le aktivn\u011b \u017e\u00edt. A L. A. Ka\u0161parov\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Rytmus \u017eivota<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Nemoc \u00bbzpopularizovali\u00ab slavn\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed ji maj\u00ed. Pat\u0159\u00ed k nim nap\u0159\u00edklad herec Michael J. Fox, trp\u011bl j\u00ed i Karol Wojtya \u010dili pape\u017e Jan Pavel II.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3721,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25757","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25757","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=25757"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25757\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3721"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=25757"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=25757"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=25757"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}