Cukrovka pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed civiliza\u010dn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. V \u010cesku j\u00ed trp\u00ed necel\u00fdch 900 000 lid\u00ed. Jejich po\u010det rok od roku \u2013 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 30 000 \u2013 roste. V roce 2017 za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 fungovat N\u00e1rodn\u00ed diabetologick\u00fd registr. Ten podrobn\u011b zmapuje situaci u obou typ\u016f diabetu, \u201ejedni\u010dkov\u00e9ho\u201c a \u201edvojkov\u00e9ho\u201c.
\n
\nSleduje, kde je v tuzemsku nejv\u00edce lid\u00ed s diabetem, jak jsou sta\u0159\u00ed, jak se l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed a zda jim l\u00e9\u010dba zab\u00edr\u00e1. Jestli trp\u00ed n\u00e1sledn\u00fdmi komplikacemi, a jak\u00fdmi. Mapuje, kolik pen\u011bz stoj\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dba v jednotliv\u00fdch kraj\u00edch. Data pomohou st\u00e1tu, poji\u0161\u0165ovn\u00e1m a l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016fm poskytnout diabetik\u016fm co nejlep\u0161\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di. Jak uv\u00e1d\u00ed prof. MUDr. Milan Kvapil, CSc., MBA, prezident Diabetick\u00e9 Asociace \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky (DA\u010cR), registr mimo jin\u00e9 p\u0159esn\u011b uk\u00e1\u017ee, kde se l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed nejv\u00edce pacient\u016f s n\u00e1sledn\u00fdmi komplikacemi diabetu, jako jsou po\u0161kozen\u00ed s\u00edtnice, ledvin, choroby srdce a c\u00e9v, syndrom diabetick\u00e9 nohy.
\n \u201eNyn\u00ed v\u00edme, \u017ee nejv\u00edce pacient\u016f s komplikacemi diabetu je na severu \u010cech. Nev\u00edme ale, co je to za pacienty, jak se l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed, kolik je jim let, co dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed za l\u00e9ky. Pokud n\u00e1m registr v\u017edy po t\u0159ech m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159esn\u011b srovn\u00e1 data o l\u00e9\u010db\u011b a komplikac\u00edch v jednotliv\u00fdch regionech, budeme v\u011bd\u011bt, kam zac\u00edlit odborn\u00e9 semin\u00e1\u0159e, \u010di preventivn\u00ed programy. Vypadnou n\u00e1m p\u0159esn\u00e1 data o pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e9ky. U\u017e nyn\u00ed tu\u0161\u00edme, \u017ee \u010d\u00e1st pacient\u016f u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 n\u011bkter\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010diva duplicitn\u011b,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. Kvapil.
\nRegistr diabetik\u016f na\u0161el oporu v novele z\u00e1kona 372 \u2013 O zdravotnick\u00fdch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch, spravovat jej bude \u00dastav zdravotnick\u00fdch informac\u00ed a statistiky \u010cR (\u00daZIS). \u201eBez kvalitn\u00edch dat nejsme schopni zhodnotit stav p\u00e9\u010de o pacienty a n\u00e1klady s n\u00ed spojen\u00e9. Data z nov\u00e9ho registru n\u00e1m pomohou sledovat dostupnost l\u00e9\u010dby v regionech, umo\u017en\u00ed n\u00e1m p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bt kolik p\u00e9\u010de a kde bude za n\u011bkolik let t\u0159eba. Zdravotnick\u00fd syst\u00e9m se na diabetick\u00e9 pacienty m\u016f\u017ee l\u00e9pe p\u0159ipravit, pos\u00edlit dostupnost v m\u00edstech, kde chyb\u00ed. D\u00edky registru budeme um\u011bt napl\u00e1novat preventivn\u00ed programy a dob\u0159e je vyhodnotit,\u201c vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdhody doc. RNDr. Ladislav Du\u0161ek, PhD., \u0159editel \u00daZIS. Statistiky, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 st\u00e1t nyn\u00ed k dispozici, podle Du\u0161ka nesta\u010d\u00ed. Mapuj\u00ed pouze celkov\u00e9 po\u010dty pacient\u016f s diabetem, ale u\u017e ne to, jak putuj\u00ed po zdravotn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu. Neukazuj\u00ed dostupnost p\u00e9\u010de, nezkoumaj\u00ed pacienty podle toho, jak u nich nemoc pokro\u010dila, nevid\u00ed jejich dal\u0161\u00ed nemoci, kter\u00e9 s diabetem souvis\u00ed.
\nData do registru dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed nemocnice a zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovny. Z\u00edskaj\u00ed tak cenn\u00e9 informace o rozsahu a v\u00fdsledc\u00edch l\u00e9\u010dby, kterou sv\u00fdm klient\u016fm zaplatily. Diabetolog\u016fm registr p\u0159inese zp\u011btnou vazbu o tom, jak jejich l\u00e9\u010dba pacient\u016fm pom\u00e1h\u00e1, odborn\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti zase mohou na z\u00e1klad\u011b dat kontrolovat, zda l\u00e9ka\u0159i dodr\u017euj\u00ed platn\u00e9 postupy. \u201eRegistr odhal\u00ed slab\u00e1 m\u00edsta v syst\u00e9mu. Nem\u011bl by z\u00e1sadn\u011b nav\u00fd\u0161it administrativn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e odborn\u00e9ho person\u00e1lu nemocnic,\u201c doplnil doc. Du\u0161ek. <\/p>\n
Podle prof. Kvapila by registr mohl p\u0159in\u00e9st i argumenty pro \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed zaveden\u00ed nov\u00e9 terapie diabetu. Mezi modern\u00ed antidiabetika pat\u0159\u00ed gliptiny \u2013 l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravky zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159irozenou cestou produkci inzulinu u diabetik\u016f a glifloziny, p\u0159i kter\u00fdch diabetici vylu\u010duj\u00ed p\u0159ebyte\u010dn\u00fd cukr mo\u010d\u00ed. \u201eRandomizovan\u00e9 studie sice uk\u00e1zaly p\u0159\u00ednos a bezpe\u010dnost t\u00e9to l\u00e9\u010dby, ale takto by se jej\u00ed efekt uk\u00e1zal i v \u0161irok\u00e9 praxi,\u201c dodal prof. Kvapil. N\u00e1klady na l\u00e9\u010dbu diabetu v \u010cR tvo\u0159\u00ed podle odborn\u00edk\u016f minim\u00e1ln\u011b 10 % celkov\u00fdch n\u00e1klad\u016f na zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di. V\u011bt\u0161ina pen\u011bz sm\u011b\u0159uje na l\u00e9\u010dbu komplikac\u00ed diabetu. V\u00edce ne\u017e 100 600 \u010desk\u00fdch diabetik\u016f m\u00e1 kv\u016fli sv\u00e9 nemoci posti\u017een\u00fd zrak, infarkt myokardu je u lid\u00ed s cukrovkou a\u017e p\u011btin\u00e1sobn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 populaci. P\u0159es 97 000 \u010desk\u00fdch diabetik\u016f m\u00e1 chronicky posti\u017een\u00e9 ledviny a p\u0159es 40 000 trp\u00ed syndromem diabetick\u00e9 nohy. Mezi prvn\u00ed projevy cukrovky pat\u0159\u00ed neuhasiteln\u00e1 \u017e\u00edze\u0148, mal\u00e1tnost, \u00fanava, \u010dast\u00e9 nucen\u00ed na toaletu, zaml\u017een\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed.
\nO diabetu<\/p>\n
Cukrovka, tedy odborn\u011b Diabetes mellitus (zkratka DM), je n\u00e1zev pro skupinu chronick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se projevuj\u00ed poruchou metabolismu cukr\u016f (sacharid\u016f). Jsou dva z\u00e1kladn\u00ed typy diabetu, kter\u00e9 se ozna\u010duj\u00ed jako diabetes I. typu a diabetes II. typu. Oba typy nemoci maj\u00ed podobn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky, ale r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny vzniku. Hlavn\u00edm projevem diabetu zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 koncentrace gluk\u00f3zy v krvi (glykemie) a nedostatek energie. Cukrovka souvis\u00ed inzulinem. Diabetes I. typu (absolutn\u00ed nedostatek inzulinu) vznik\u00e1 tak, \u017ee vlastn\u00ed imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m \u010dlov\u011bka ni\u010d\u00ed bu\u0148ky slinivky b\u0159i\u0161n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 produkuj\u00ed hormon inzulin. \u0158ad\u00ed se tedy mezi tzv. autoimunitn\u00ed choroby. Jedn\u00e1 se o geneticky podm\u00edn\u011bnou poruchu. Diabetes II. typu (relativn\u00ed nedostatek inzulinu) je zp\u016fsoben sn\u00ed\u017eenou citlivost\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u00edho t\u011bla k inzulinu. L\u00e9\u010d\u00ed se peror\u00e1ln\u00edmi antidiabetiky, kter\u00e9 zvy\u0161uj\u00ed citlivost k inzulinu. Tento typ diabetu je ozna\u010dov\u00e1n jako cukrovka dosp\u011bl\u00fdch, proto\u017ee se projevuje zpravidla po 40. roce \u017eivota pacienta. Lze kvalifikovan\u011b odhadnout, \u017ee pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u011b je v \u010cR p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 250 000 osob, kter\u00e9 jsou ji\u017e diabetiky 2. typu, ale o sv\u00e9 nemoci je\u0161t\u011b nev\u011bd\u00ed. Ve sv\u011bt\u011b trp\u00ed cukrovkou p\u0159es 382 milion\u016f lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n
O DA\u010cR
\nDiabetick\u00e1 asociace \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky vznikla v roce 2006. Jej\u00edm c\u00edlem je integrovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o diabetiky prosazov\u00e1n\u00edm a napl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm jejich z\u00e1jm\u016f a pot\u0159eb. To v\u0161e v sou\u010dinnosti s org\u00e1ny st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy a samospr\u00e1vy v \u010cR i s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi institucemi. Rostouc\u00ed po\u010dty diabetik\u016f v na\u0161\u00ed republice jsou dokladem toho, \u017ee je t\u0159eba \u0159e\u0161it podle nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch poznatk\u016f v\u0161echny probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 toto celo\u017eivotn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed. Nepostihuje toti\u017e jenom samotn\u00e9 diabetiky, ale dot\u00fdk\u00e1 se \u00fazce jejich rodin, zdravotnick\u00e9 komunity a m\u00e1 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 dopady soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a ekonomick\u00e9. Pozdn\u00ed diabetick\u00e9 komplikace ohro\u017euj\u00ed \u017eivot diabetik\u016f, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u0161ak sni\u017euj\u00ed kvalitu jejich \u017eivota, co\u017e p\u0159i chronick\u00e9m onemocn\u011bn\u00ed nen\u00ed zanedbateln\u00e9. Asociace je m\u00edstem, kde jsou tyto ot\u00e1zky diskutov\u00e1ny mezi p\u0159edstaviteli \u010cesk\u00e9 diabetologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, Obezitologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, obou organizac\u00ed diabetik\u016f, zdravotn\u00edch poji\u0161\u0165oven, ministerstva zdravotnictv\u00ed a ministerstva pr\u00e1ce a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed. Na t\u00e9to \u0161irok\u00e9 platform\u011b je analyzov\u00e1n stav p\u00e9\u010de a sou\u010dasn\u011b jsou ujednocov\u00e1ny n\u00e1zory na mo\u017enosti jej\u00edho dal\u0161\u00edho zkvalitn\u011bn\u00ed. V\u00edce informac\u00ed na www.diabetickaasociace.cz.<\/p>\n
Tiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Cukrovka pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed civiliza\u010dn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. V \u010cesku j\u00ed trp\u00ed necel\u00fdch 900 000 lid\u00ed. Jejich po\u010det rok od roku \u2013 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 30 000 \u2013 […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25862","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25862","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=25862"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25862\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=25862"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=25862"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=25862"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}