B\u011btku Nov\u00e1kovou, hipoterapeutku<\/p>\n
1Co by m\u011bl um\u011bt spr\u00e1vn\u00fd hipoterapeutick\u00fd k\u016f\u0148? Podle \u010deho je vyb\u00edr\u00e1te?<\/p>\n
Aby mohl k\u016f\u0148 l\u00e9\u010dit, mus\u00ed k tomu b\u00fdt speci\u00e1ln\u011b vycvi\u010den, co\u017e je \u010dasov\u011b i finan\u010dn\u011b velmi n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9. My se sna\u017e\u00edme na roli kon\u011b-terapeuta p\u0159ipravovat ka\u017ed\u00e9 h\u0159\u00edb\u011b, kter\u00e9 se u n\u00e1s narod\u00ed, i kdy\u017e v budoucnu se jich takto uplatn\u00ed ani ne t\u0159etina. P\u0159edn\u011b mus\u00ed m\u00edt pozitivn\u00ed vztah k lidem, d\u016fv\u011b\u0159ovat sv\u00e9mu cvi\u010diteli a poslouchat jeho povely. Zv\u00ed\u0159e mus\u00ed b\u00fdt klidn\u00e9 a trp\u011bliv\u00e9 a nau\u010dit se rozezn\u00e1vat, kdy na n\u011bm sed\u00ed pacient a kdy zdrav\u00fd jezdec. D\u00e1le pot\u0159ebuje dokonale zn\u00e1t prost\u0159ed\u00ed, ve kter\u00e9m se p\u0159i terapii pohybuje, aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo \u00faleku z nezn\u00e1m\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed. Tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed pro p\u0159edm\u011bty, kter\u00e9 pacienti b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed: hole, ko\u010d\u00e1rky, voz\u00ed\u010dky, auta, pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bnky, de\u0161tn\u00edky apod. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 mus\u00ed zvl\u00e1dat dlouho v klidu st\u00e1t, ne\u017e klient nasedne. A samoz\u0159ejm\u011b mus\u00ed b\u00fdt zdrav\u00e9, hlavn\u011b po str\u00e1nce pohybov\u00e9.<\/p>\n
2Jak vypad\u00e1 b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 terapeutick\u00e1 lekce?<\/p>\n
Ka\u017ed\u00e1 lekce je individu\u00e1ln\u00ed a li\u0161\u00ed se podle konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed diagn\u00f3zy. P\u0159ed jej\u00edm za\u010d\u00e1tkem je t\u0159eba pro dan\u00e9ho pacienta vybrat nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho kon\u011b \u2013 pro n\u011bkoho je nap\u0159\u00edklad vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k\u016f\u0148 s u\u017e\u0161\u00edm, pro n\u011bkoho se \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm h\u0159betem. V \u00favodu v\u017edy od pacienta zaji\u0161\u0165ujeme zp\u011btnou vazbu \u2013 jak se c\u00edtil po posledn\u00ed terapii, jak se c\u00edt\u00ed obecn\u011b, a podle toho se odv\u00edj\u00ed podoba lekce, jak jej\u00ed d\u00e9lka, tak i cviky, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159i n\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed. Potom je t\u0159eba dostat pacienta na h\u0159bet kon\u011b. U mal\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed je to ot\u00e1zka chvili\u010dky, ale u dosp\u011bl\u00fdch pacient\u016f s omezen\u00fdmi mo\u017enostmi pohybu b\u00fdv\u00e1 p\u0159i nased\u00e1n\u00ed zapot\u0159eb\u00ed asistence a\u017e t\u0159\u00ed lid\u00ed. Jakmile je klient na koni, za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 samotn\u00e1 lekce. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed sed\u00ed, jin\u00ed le\u017e\u00ed, n\u011bkter\u00fdm sta\u010d\u00ed v r\u00e1mci terapie pouze sed\u011bt, dal\u0161\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 cviky, kter\u00e9 jim v kombinaci s pohybem kon\u011b pom\u00e1haj\u00ed p\u0159i pot\u00ed\u017e\u00edch. Na za\u010d\u00e1tku pacienty chv\u00edli nech\u00e1me, aby si zvykli na pohyb zv\u00ed\u0159ete, pracujeme na jejich uvoln\u011bn\u00ed a srovn\u00e1n\u00ed dr\u017een\u00ed t\u011bla. Pak se mohou p\u0159idat n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podp\u016frn\u00e9 cviky, pokud to terapie vy\u017eaduje. Cel\u00e1 lekce trv\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b dvacet minut.<\/p>\n
3Terapie je pro kon\u011b asi dost n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1. Jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem po n\u00ed odpo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00ed?<\/p>\n
Hipoterapie pro kon\u011b nen\u00ed n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 fyzicky. K\u016f\u0148 je zv\u00ed\u0159e, kter\u00e9 v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b nab\u011bh\u00e1 a\u017e kolem t\u0159iceti kilometr\u016f denn\u011b, aby si obstaralo potravu, tak\u017ee p\u016flhodinka pomal\u00e9ho kroku mu nevad\u00ed. N\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 je to ale po psychick\u00e9 str\u00e1nce. Pokud m\u00e1te dobr\u00e9ho jezdeck\u00e9ho kon\u011b, sna\u017e\u00edte se ho vycvi\u010dit tak, aby reagoval na sebemen\u0161\u00ed podn\u011bty od jezdce \u2013 hlas, tlak nohou, tlak udidla\u2026 P\u0159i hipoterapii v\u0161ak mus\u00ed k\u016f\u0148 v\u0161echny podn\u011bty, kter\u00e9 na n\u011bj vyv\u00edj\u00ed pacient, filtrovat, a to pro n\u011bj v\u016fbec nen\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9. Mus\u00ed b\u00fdt schopen rozeznat, \u017ee m\u00e1 ignorovat jeho k\u0159ik, kop\u00e1n\u00ed nebo \u00fadery j rukou, a nesm\u00ed se t\u0159eba rozeb\u011bhnout, co\u017e by jinak byla standardn\u00ed reakce. Kon\u011b, kter\u00fd tohle zvl\u00e1d\u00e1, je t\u0159eba za n\u00e1ro\u010dnou pr\u00e1ci, kterou odv\u00e1d\u00ed, n\u00e1le\u017eit\u011b h\u00fd\u010dkat a p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 ho nep\u0159et\u011b\u017eovat. Hodina takov\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce denn\u011b je v\u00edc ne\u017e dost. My se sna\u017e\u00edme na\u0161e kon\u011b co nejv\u00edc st\u0159\u00eddat, abychom u nich p\u0159ede\u0161li vyho\u0159en\u00ed. Cel\u00fd den maj\u00ed voln\u00fd pohyb ve v\u00fdb\u011bhu se sv\u00fdm st\u00e1dem, kter\u00e9 je pro n\u011b nejp\u0159irozen\u011bj\u0161\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00edm, v n\u011bm\u017e se c\u00edt\u00ed spokojen\u00ed. Zku\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jezdci je berou na vyj\u00ed\u017e\u010fky, kde se mohou prob\u011bhnout a upustit p\u00e1ru. Jeden den v t\u00fddnu pak maj\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b volno, aby si mohli psychicky i fyzicky odpo\u010dinout od lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n
4V \u010dem je hipoterapie v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi rehabilita\u010dn\u00edmi metodami v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e1?<\/p>\n
Jej\u00ed jedine\u010dnost je v tom, \u017ee je nen\u00e1siln\u00e1 a motivuj\u00edc\u00ed. Drtiv\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina pacient\u016f m\u00e1 kon\u011b r\u00e1da a t\u011b\u0161\u00ed se na n\u011b. Nep\u0159ipadaj\u00ed si jako v l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 ordinaci, a to m\u00e1 na terapii velk\u00fd vliv. Nen\u00e1silnost spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee de facto sta\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee na koni pouze sed\u00ed a nech\u00e1vaj\u00ed sv\u00e9 t\u011blo vyrovn\u00e1vat ko\u0148sk\u00fd pohyb. Nemus\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bt obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 cviky, co\u017e je velk\u00e1 v\u00fdhoda zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b u d\u011bt\u00ed, a v\u011bt\u0161inou jim samotn\u00fd pohyb kon\u011b po chvilce uprav\u00ed dr\u017een\u00ed t\u011bla, ani\u017e by je terapeut musel n\u00e1siln\u011b rovnat. Nezanedbateln\u00fd vliv m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 teplota ko\u0148sk\u00e9ho t\u011bla \u2013 asi 38 stup\u0148\u016f. Pacient m\u00e1 p\u0159i kontaktu s kon\u011bm pocit p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9ho tepla.<\/p>\n
5Pro kter\u00e9 druhy posti\u017een\u00ed je hipoterapie ide\u00e1ln\u00ed?<\/p>\n
Hipoterapie funguje na principu p\u0159enosu pohybu kon\u011b na lidsk\u00e9 t\u011blo. Pacient, kter\u00fd na koni sed\u00ed, tento pohyb vyrovn\u00e1v\u00e1. P\u0159itom se pravideln\u011b zapojuj\u00ed a uvol\u0148uj\u00ed svaly cel\u00e9ho t\u011bla a stimuluj\u00ed ve\u0161ker\u00e1 nervov\u00e1 zakon\u010den\u00ed. D\u00edky tomu je \u00fa\u010dinek terapie velice komplexn\u00ed a lze ji vyu\u017e\u00edt u \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1ly diagn\u00f3z: u lehk\u00e9 mozkov\u00e9 dysfunkce, autismu, d\u011btsk\u00e9 mozkov\u00e9 obrny, roztrou\u0161en\u00e9 skler\u00f3zy, vadn\u00e9ho dr\u017een\u00ed t\u011bla a z n\u011bho vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed, hyperkyf\u00f3zy (kulat\u00fdch zad), skoli\u00f3zy, bolestivosti v oblasti bedern\u00ed p\u00e1te\u0159e, obezity, ale tak\u00e9 p\u0159i kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edch pot\u00ed\u017e\u00edch, chronick\u00e9 \u00fanav\u011b, sklonech k depres\u00edm, schizofrenii, epilepsii, oslaben\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e9 imunity atd.<\/p>\n
6Pro\u010d hipoterapie st\u00e1le nen\u00ed uznan\u00e1 jako ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed terapeutick\u00e1 metoda?<\/p>\n
Co se uzn\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00fd\u010de, nevid\u011bla bych to tak \u010dern\u011b. Hipoterapie je, mimo jin\u00e9 i d\u00edky \u010dinnosti \u010desk\u00e9ho Hucul Clubu, zavedenou a \u010dasto vyu\u017e\u00edvanou formou terapie, ale probl\u00e9my jsou sp\u00ed\u0161 s jej\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed podporou. V\u00fdcvik vhodn\u00e9ho kon\u011b a samotn\u00e1 praxe jsou velmi n\u00e1kladn\u00e9 a kdyby si to v\u0161echno m\u011bli pacienti hradit sami, nejezdil by na koni asi nikdo. Provozov\u00e1n\u00ed hipoterapie je tedy velmi \u010dasto ztr\u00e1tov\u00e1 \u010dinnost. Pouze pro srovn\u00e1n\u00ed: pes vycvi\u010den\u00fd na canisterapii stoj\u00ed od sto tis\u00edc korun v\u00fd\u0161e.<\/p>\n
7Pom\u00e1h\u00e1 tento druh terapie tak\u00e9 lidem s psychick\u00fdmi probl\u00e9my?<\/p>\n
Rozhodn\u011b ano, i kdy\u017e v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 obrovsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce sp\u00ed\u0161 na terapeutovi a jeho p\u0159\u00edstupu k jednotliv\u00fdm pacient\u016fm. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b samotn\u00fd kontakt s kon\u011bm m\u00e1 na lidskou psychiku p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fd vliv. Od prvotn\u00edho p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed obav z tak velk\u00e9ho zv\u00ed\u0159ete a pohlazen\u00ed tepl\u00e9 hebk\u00e9 srsti a\u017e po ment\u00e1ln\u00ed vliv uklid\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed ko\u0148sk\u00e9 psychiky.<\/p>\n
HUCUL CLUB Hucul Club je organizace, kter\u00e1 se od roku 1972 zab\u00fdv\u00e1 z\u00e1chranou vym\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edho huculsk\u00e9ho kon\u011b a jeho vyu\u017eit\u00edm v modern\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b. Roku 1976 zde za\u010dal v\u00fdcvik hucul\u016f pro zdravotnick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely pod odborn\u00fdm veden\u00edm prof. MUDr. Karla Lewita, DrSc. To dalo podn\u011bt ke vzniku \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 metody pro l\u00e9\u010dbu civiliza\u010dn\u00edch chorob, n\u00e1pravu civiliza\u010dn\u00edch vad i nezbytnou rehabilitaci a prevenci, dnes zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako hipoterapie, a to nejen u n\u00e1s, ale i v okoln\u00edch zem\u00edch (v\u00edce informac\u00ed na www.huculclub.eu).<\/p>\n
Tina<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u011btku Nov\u00e1kovou, hipoterapeutku<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10490,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26271","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26271","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=26271"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26271\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10490"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=26271"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=26271"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=26271"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}