Bol\u00ed v\u00e1s hlava, z\u00e1da, nohy? Sk\u0159\u00edpete zuby, trp\u00edte ekz\u00e9mem, \u0159\u00eddnou v\u00e1m vlasy? Neda\u0159\u00ed se v\u00e1m zhubnout, c\u00edt\u00edte \u00fanavu nebo byste nejrad\u011bji utekli na pust\u00fd ostrov? Mo\u017en\u00e1 pom\u016f\u017ee pilulka, mast nebo tinktura. A mo\u017en\u00e1 v\u00e1s vyl\u00e9\u010d\u00ed zm\u011bna – p\u0159\u00edstupu k sob\u011b, bl\u00edzk\u00fdm, ale i zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, ch\u00e1pav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed partner nebo t\u0159eba dlouh\u00e1 proch\u00e1zka.<\/p>\n
Podobn\u00e9 rady by v\u00e1m dal l\u00e9ka\u0159, kter\u00fd se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 psychosomatikou. Jde o medic\u00ednsk\u00fd obor, kter\u00fd na\u0161e t\u011blo a mysl pova\u017euje za celek a jako takov\u00fd se ho sna\u017e\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dit a harmonizovat. Psychosomatikou se ov\u0161em zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed i l\u00e9\u010ditel\u00e9 a terapeuti, kte\u0159\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed tzv. celostn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k pacient\u016fm.
\nO tom, \u017ee psychika m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit sv\u00e9mu majiteli \u0159adu zdravotn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f, ji\u017e dnes nikdo nepochybuje. Nam\u00e1tkou m\u016f\u017eeme jmenovat t\u0159eba anorexii \u010di bulimii, migr\u00e9nu nebo astma. U n\u00e1dorov\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed nebo t\u0159eba artritidy b\u00fdv\u00e1 psychosomatick\u00e9 nahl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed o\u0159\u00ed\u0161kem sv\u00e1ru dvou zcela protich\u016fdn\u00fdch l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch postoj\u016f. A tak je to i u \u0159ady „leh\u010d\u00edch“ onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Tak\u017ee se m\u016f\u017ee klidn\u011b st\u00e1t, \u0159e\u010deno s trochou nads\u00e1zky, \u017ee zat\u00edmco v jedn\u00e9 ordinaci dostanete hrst recept\u016f na nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed medikamenty, v druh\u00e9 „jen“ doporu\u010den\u00ed zm\u011bnit \u017eivotn\u00ed styl a za\u010d\u00edt si zp\u00edvat.<\/p>\n
CO N\u00c1M SIGNALIZUJE NEMOC<\/p>\n
V okam\u017eiku, kdy vstupujeme do ordinace l\u00e9ka\u0159e, st\u00e1v\u00e1me se pacientem, o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1me stanoven\u00ed diagn\u00f3zy a l\u00e9\u010dbu. Pokud si neodneseme p\u0159edpis na p\u00e1r l\u00e9k\u016f, nejsme spokojeni. Mo\u017en\u00e1 je v\u0161echno jinak. Domn\u011blou nemoc m\u016f\u017eeme dle celostn\u00ed medic\u00edny pova\u017eovat za zpr\u00e1vu, kterou n\u00e1m na\u0161e t\u011blo sd\u011bluje, \u017ee bychom m\u011bli n\u011bco zm\u011bnit. Proto je dobr\u00e9 se nad ka\u017ed\u00fdm sebemen\u0161\u00edm sign\u00e1lem zamyslet a up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b si p\u0159iznat, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b takhle to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt.
\nN\u00e1zorn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad dala jedna obs\u00e1hl\u00e1 studie z D\u00e1nska, kde na stovce rodin zkoumali d\u011bti s astmatem. V\u00fdsledek byl jednozna\u010dn\u00fd a potvrdil p\u0159edpoklady l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f – zast\u00e1nc\u016f psychosomatiky. Astma u d\u011bt\u00ed sice pozitivn\u011b ovlivnila \u010distota vzduchu a zdrav\u00fd \u017eivotn\u00ed styl, v\u010detn\u011b stravy a pohybu, v\u00fdrazn\u011b negativn\u00ed roli ov\u0161em hr\u00e1ly \u0161patn\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed pom\u011bry a bytov\u00e9 podm\u00ednky rodin. Zdaleka nejv\u00edc ale astma zhor\u0161ovaly \u0161patn\u00e9 vztahy v rodin\u011b, rozvod rodi\u010d\u016f nebo v\u0161eobecn\u011b d\u011btem nep\u0159\u00e1se telsk\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed, nap\u0159. \u0161ikana ve \u0161kole nebo nevhodn\u011b zvolen\u00fd studijn\u00ed obor.
\nCo z toho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1? Mo\u017en\u00e1 hlavn\u011b to, \u017ee spol\u00e9hat na l\u00e9ky nesta\u010d\u00ed. V\u017edy je t\u0159eba celkov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup a zhodnocen\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed situace pacienta. A m\u011bl by to ud\u011blat odborn\u00edk, i kdy\u017e na internetu m\u016f\u017eeme naj\u00edt \u0159adu p\u0159ehled\u016f psychosomatick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch nemoc\u00ed. Ale aspo\u0148 pro dokreslen\u00ed uv\u00e1d\u00edme p\u0159\u00edklady podle knihy zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho odborn\u00edka na celostn\u00ed medic\u00ednu Gerharda Danzera s n\u00e1zvem Psychosomatika, ka\u017ed\u00e1 nemoc pramen\u00ed z psychick\u00e9ho traumatu. Nap\u0159. kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed podle n\u011bj zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed dlouhodob\u00e9 frustrace a nespokojenost se sv\u00fdm \u017eivotem, sv\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed a vyr\u00e1\u017eky zase poch\u00e1zej\u00ed ze skryt\u00e9 agresivity, strachu a vzdoru. Revmatismus m\u00e1 sv\u016fj p\u016fvod v touze ut\u00e9ct p\u0159ed svobodou a nutnost\u00ed rozhodovat. V\u0159edov\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed tlust\u00e9ho st\u0159eva dle Danzera souvis\u00ed s p\u0159ecitliv\u011blost\u00ed, depresemi a infantilismem. A\u0165 u\u017e s n\u00edm souhlas\u00edme, nebo ne, nic nezkaz\u00edme, pokud se ales po\u0148 ob\u010das nad sv\u00fdm \u017eivotem a vztahy zamysl\u00edme a pokus\u00edme se n\u011bco vylep\u0161it!<\/p>\n
KL\u00cd\u010c K POCHOPEN\u00cd<\/p>\n
Mnoho nemoc\u00ed nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt trag\u00e9diemi, pokud jim dok\u00e1\u017eeme porozum\u011bt. Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed se tak stane soci\u00e1ln\u00ed ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, se kterou mus\u00edme vypo\u0159\u00e1dat. Zp\u016fsob, jak se se zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdm traumatem popereme, z\u00e1vis\u00ed na na\u0161em charakteru, odvaze, ale t\u0159eba i vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed. Pro zjednodu\u0161en\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme uv\u00e9st t\u0159eba odst\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed u\u0161i. Co jeden pova\u017euje za banalitu, kter\u00e1 ani nezaslou\u017e\u00ed pozornost, druh\u00fd bere jako probl\u00e9m, kter\u00fd se mus\u00ed \u0159e\u0161it. T\u0159et\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 p\u00e1chat sebevra\u017edu, proto\u017ee v\u0161ichni na sv\u011bt\u011b pozoruj\u00ed jeho plachty a on u\u017e nem\u016f\u017ee vych\u00e1zet mezi lidi.
\nPodobn\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159istupovat i k diagn\u00f3z\u00e1m, p\u0159i jejich\u017e vysloven\u00ed nikomu do sm\u00edchu nen\u00ed. Existuje nap\u0159\u00edklad mnoho studi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se zab\u00fdvaly kvalitou \u017eivota \u017een posti\u017een\u00fdch rakovinou prsu a t\u011bch, jim\u017e byly odstran\u011bny prsn\u00ed \u017el\u00e1zy. N\u00e1s zaujala ta, kter\u00e1 k probl\u00e9mu p\u0159istupovala z hlediska psychosomatick\u00e9ho. Dotazn\u00edky vypl\u0148ovalo 300 takto posti\u017een\u00fdch \u017een v pr\u016fb\u011bhu 10 let. Tedy v \u010dase, kdy jim byla sd\u011blena diagn\u00f3za, p\u0159ed operac\u00ed a po n\u00ed, v pr\u016fb\u011bhu dal\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby a po ukon\u010den\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby, v\u010detn\u011b rekonstrukce prsu, pokud si to p\u0159\u00e1ly. Naprost\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina \u017een hodnotila svoji nemoc jako n\u011bco, co z\u00e1sadn\u011b zm\u011bnilo jejich \u017eivot. A p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 70 procent \u017een tvrdilo, \u017ee nemoc zm\u011bnila jejich \u017eivot k lep\u0161\u00edmu! To i navzdory tomu, \u017ee mnoh\u00e9 p\u0159i\u0161ly o partnera, zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed a kon\u00ed\u010dky. Shodn\u011b toti\u017e uv\u00e1d\u011bly, \u017ee zm\u011bnily p\u0159\u00edstup k \u017eivotu, p\u0159ehodnotily priority a za\u010daly si v\u00edc u\u017e\u00edvat ka\u017ed\u00e9ho dne, ka\u017ed\u00e9 hodiny sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed by bylo, kdybychom toto dok\u00e1zali i bez v\u0161ech prod\u011blan\u00fdch nemoc\u00ed a traumat.<\/p>\n
CO DOPORU\u010cUJ\u00cd TERAPEUTI<\/p>\n
Pokud u\u017e jak\u00e1koli nemoc propukla, ur\u010dit\u011b bychom nem\u011bli zatracovat klasickou medic\u00ednu. Oba p\u0159\u00edstupy by se m\u011bly dopl\u0148ovat a v ide\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zcela prol\u00ednat. Ne\u017e za\u010dnete p\u00e1trat na internetu po l\u00e9ka\u0159\u00edch, kte\u0159\u00ed se zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed i psychosomatikou, zkuste b\u00fdt vy sami prvn\u00edm terapeutem, r\u00e1dcem, supervizorem. Polo\u017ete si n\u011bkolik jednoduch\u00fdch ot\u00e1zek, na kter\u00e9 p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00edme p\u0159\u00edklady varovn\u00fdch typ\u016f odpov\u011bd\u00ed: Jak\u00fd v\u00fdznam m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt moje nemoc, moje bolesti? Mohu z\u00edskat neschopenku, m\u00e1m d\u016fvod si vz\u00edt p\u00e1r dn\u016f volna, nechce se mi do pr\u00e1ce. Nem\u00e1m probl\u00e9m s okol\u00edm, s komunikac\u00ed? Ano, poh\u00e1dala jsem se s kolegyn\u00ed, te\u010f ji nechci vid\u011bt, jsem nemocn\u00e1\u2026 D\u00e1 se v m\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b n\u011bco zm\u011bnit k lep\u0161\u00edmu? Ur\u010dit\u011b hodn\u011b, ale nem\u00e1m odvahu, ut\u00edk\u00e1m do nemoci. Co dobr\u00e9ho mi m\u016f\u017ee nemoc p\u0159in\u00e9st? Mohu odlo\u017eit \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f, mohu odpo\u010d\u00edvat. Co d\u00edky sv\u00e9 nemoci z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1m? M\u016f\u017ee to b\u00fdt pozornost okol\u00ed, mohu se na nemoc vymlouvat, za\u0161t\u00edtit se j\u00ed apod.
\nU\u017e pouh\u00fd fakt, \u017ee nad t\u011bmito zd\u00e1nliv\u00fdmi banalitami za\u010dnete p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let, je velk\u00fdm krokem kup\u0159edu, kter\u00fd s sebou m\u016f\u017ee n\u00e9st mnoho zm\u011bn. Je tedy jen na v\u00e1s a va\u0161em postoji, jestli p\u0159i ch\u0159ipce budete skuhrat pod pe\u0159inou nad sv\u00fdm t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm osudem, nebo se zamysl\u00edte nad zjevn\u00fdm faktem, \u017ee je v\u00e1\u0161 organismus prost\u011b vy\u010derpan\u00fd a dal v\u00e1m to taktn\u011b najevo.
\nVe \u0160v\u00e9dsku na uppsalsk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b zkoumali nemocnost senior\u016f a v\u011bk, kter\u00e9ho se do\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed. O\u010dek\u00e1vali, \u017ee na dlouhov\u011bkosti se bude pod\u00edlet soci\u00e1ln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, profese, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed vazby a dal\u0161\u00ed zadan\u00e9 faktory. K p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f ale vy\u0161el najevo fakt, se kter\u00fdm nikdo moc nepo\u010d\u00edtal. Vy\u0161\u0161\u00edho v\u011bku se i navzdory prod\u011blan\u00fdm t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm nemocem \u010di osam\u011bn\u00ed nebo chudob\u011b do\u017e\u00edvali lid\u00e9 optimisti\u010dt\u00ed, s tak trochu bezstarostn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem k \u017eivotu. Prost\u011b ti, kte\u0159\u00ed si z ni\u010deho ned\u011blali hlavu a ze sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota si vyb\u00edrali jen to dobr\u00e9.<\/p>\n
JAK NEMOCEM P\u0158EDCH\u00c1ZET<\/p>\n
Prevence je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1, to v\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd. Jen\u017ee jak teorii uv\u00e9st do praxe? M\u00e1me j\u00edst zdrav\u011b, h\u00fdbat se, odpo\u010d\u00edvat, relaxovat. Tak pro\u010d se c\u00edt\u00edme tak n\u011bjak t\u011b\u017ece, unaven\u011b a ob\u010das i smutn\u011b? Odpov\u011b\u010f m\u016f\u017eeme hledat kdekoli, ale za\u010dn\u011bme ve sv\u00e9 rodin\u011b. Obecn\u011b lze \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee existuj\u00ed po v\u0161ech str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nemocn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rodiny. Ty prvn\u00ed jsou ochotn\u00e9 m\u011bnit svoje n\u00e1zory a postoje, jsou modern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a jaksi nezatuhl\u00e9 v rigidn\u00edch z\u00e1sad\u00e1ch. \u010clenov\u00e9 takov\u00e9 rodiny se c\u00edt\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u011b, vz\u00e1jemn\u011b se podporuj\u00ed, co\u017e vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed zdrav\u00e9 klima, ve kter\u00e9m se rod\u00ed jak\u00e1koli nemoc h\u016f\u0159e ne\u017e v rodin\u00e1ch, kde se dodr\u017euj\u00ed \u010dasto nesmysln\u00e9 tradice a ritu\u00e1ly, ml\u010d\u00ed se a l\u017ee.
\nPo rodin\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem zhodnotit svoje pracovi\u0161t\u011b. T\u011b\u0161\u00edm se do pr\u00e1ce, nebo je mi ka\u017ed\u00e9 r\u00e1no na zvracen\u00ed? M\u00e1m p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 spolupracovn\u00edky, \u010di je pova\u017euji za svoji konkurenci, nebo dokonce nep\u0159\u00e1tele? Napl\u0148uje m\u011b vykon\u00e1van\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce, nebo ji nen\u00e1vid\u00edm? Takto m\u016f\u017eeme pokra\u010dovat a zhodnotit svoje p\u0159\u00e1tele a zn\u00e1m\u00e9. M\u00e1m dlouholetou kamar\u00e1dku z d\u011btstv\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b r\u00e1da, nebo se jedn\u00e1 o zvyk, kter\u00fd m\u011b u\u017e d\u00e1vno obt\u011b\u017euje? A co pravideln\u00e9 dovolen\u00e9 s p\u0159\u00e1teli, kter\u00e9 kon\u010d\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd rok fiaskem? Pro\u010d n\u011bkdy nejedeme sami? Pokud n\u00e1s kamar\u00e1dka p\u0159ipravuje u\u017e dlouho o energii, pro\u010d j\u00ed v\u011bnujeme tolik drahocenn\u00e9ho \u010dasu? A pro\u010d chod\u00edm do pr\u00e1ce, kde jsem ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00e1, kdy\u017e bych za stejn\u011b mal\u00e9 pen\u00edze mohla vykon\u00e1vat n\u011bco, co m\u011b bav\u00ed? Atd. Apro\u010d nech\u00e1me souseda tyranizovat na\u0161e d\u011bti a ned\u00e1me mu jasn\u011b najevo, co si mysl\u00edme?
\nMo\u017en\u00e1 si touto virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed inventurou vlastn\u00ed mysli uv\u011bdom\u00edme \u0159adu probl\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e9 nem\u00e1me chu\u0165 ani s\u00edlu \u0159e\u0161it, a proto je st\u00e1le odkl\u00e1d\u00e1me a zasouv\u00e1me kamsi do podv\u011bdom\u00ed. Ony n\u00e1s ale neopou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed, jen se p\u0159etav\u00ed v n\u011bco jin\u00e9ho, t\u0159eba v bolesti b\u0159icha, migr\u00e9nu nebo po\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd, nezvladateln\u00fd hlad. Psychosomatika n\u00e1m nab\u00edz\u00ed mo\u017enost ovlivnit sv\u016fj \u017eivot, zdrav\u00ed i d\u011bn\u00ed kolem n\u00e1s. Tak pro\u010d se o to alespo\u0148 nepokusit. Postavit se k probl\u00e9m\u016fm a zlozvyk\u016fm \u010delem a polehou\u010dku je za\u010d\u00edt \u0159e\u0161it. U\u017e pouh\u00e1 snaha n\u00e1m p\u0159inese velk\u00e9 uspokojen\u00ed, v\u017edy\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00e1 zm\u011bna k lep\u0161\u00edmu stoj\u00ed za trochu n\u00e1mahy. Tak s chut\u00ed do toho!<\/p>\n
—<\/p>\n
„Mnoho na\u0161ich t\u011blesn\u00fdch a psychick\u00fdch chorob vznik\u00e1, kdy\u017e se na del\u0161\u00ed dobu odml\u010d\u00edme a nerealizujeme n\u00e1\u0161 \u017eivot v \u0159e\u010di a vztaz\u00edch. O \u010dem nen\u00ed mo\u017eno mluvit, t\u00edm se mus\u00ed onemocn\u011bt!“ Gerhard Danzer<\/p>\n
Pojem psychosomatika poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze staro\u0159e\u010dtiny. Skl\u00e1d\u00e1 se ze slov psych\u00e9 (du\u0161e) a soma (t\u011blo). Jej\u00ed \u00falohou je zkoumat vztahy mezi nimi, a to hlavn\u011b z hlediska vlivu psychick\u00fdch funkc\u00ed a pochod\u016f na organismus.<\/p>\n
IVA PRUDI\u010cOV\u00c1
\nSTYL \u2013 Pr\u00e1vo<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bol\u00ed v\u00e1s hlava, z\u00e1da, nohy? Sk\u0159\u00edpete zuby, trp\u00edte ekz\u00e9mem, \u0159\u00eddnou v\u00e1m vlasy? Neda\u0159\u00ed se v\u00e1m zhubnout, c\u00edt\u00edte \u00fanavu nebo byste nejrad\u011bji utekli na pust\u00fd ostrov? […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19378,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26468","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26468","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=26468"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26468\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/19378"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=26468"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=26468"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=26468"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}