Apel na jednotliv\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, aby v\u00edce podporovaly prevenci slepoty. Na sv\u011bt\u011b \u017eije kolem 150 milion\u016f osob s t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm zrakov\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm, z toho je 38 milion\u016f nevidom\u00fdch.
\n
\nDal\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mem je smutn\u00e1 skute\u010dnost, \u017ee lid\u00e9 chod\u00ed k o\u010dn\u00edmu l\u00e9ka\u0159i pozd\u011b. Na pravideln\u00e9 preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky k o\u010dn\u00edmu l\u00e9ka\u0159i chod\u00ed \u010ce\u0161i minim\u00e1ln\u011b, p\u0159itom v\u010dasn\u00e1 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva v ordinaci m\u016f\u017ee pacienta zachr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed komplikacemi se zrakem, a n\u011bkdy dokonce zabr\u00e1nit slepot\u011b.<\/p>\n
\u201eNap\u0159\u00edklad za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed zelen\u00fd z\u00e1kal na sob\u011b s\u00e1m pacient nem\u00e1 \u0161anci rozpoznat. Po\u010det ambulantn\u011b l\u00e9\u010den\u00fdch pacient\u016f se zelen\u00fdm z\u00e1kalem v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice rok od roku stoup\u00e1. V \u010cesku by zelen\u00fdm z\u00e1kalem mohlo trp\u011bt a\u017e 400 tis\u00edc lid\u00ed, p\u0159itom polovina z nich nemus\u00ed o nemoci v\u016fbec v\u011bd\u011bt. Celosv\u011btov\u011b je zelen\u00fd z\u00e1kal druhou nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou slepoty a prvn\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou nevratn\u00e9ho po\u0161kozen\u00ed zraku, kter\u00e9 vede pr\u00e1v\u011b k slepot\u011b. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b dosahuje celosv\u011btov\u011b po\u010det lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed oslepli kv\u016fli tomuto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, 8,5 milionu. Odborn\u00edci p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00ed, \u017ee toto \u010d\u00edslo do roku 2020 stoupne na 11 milion\u016f. Na preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky k o\u010dn\u00edmu l\u00e9ka\u0159i by m\u011bl \u010dlov\u011bk star\u0161\u00ed 40 let chodit jednou za rok a\u017e za dva. Na prohl\u00eddku je mo\u017en\u00e9 dorazit i bez doporu\u010den\u00ed praktick\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e,\u201c \u0159ekl Pavel Stod\u016flka, p\u0159ednosta s\u00edt\u011b o\u010dn\u00edch klinik Gemini. <\/p>\n
Nemoc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zrak oslabuj\u00ed, je hned n\u011bkolik. K nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm pat\u0159\u00ed \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal. Jen v \u010cesku je j\u00edm posti\u017eeno p\u0159es p\u016fl milionu lid\u00ed. \u201eOnemocn\u011bn\u00ed by lid\u00e9 rozhodn\u011b nem\u011bli podce\u0148ovat. Ro\u010dn\u011b kv\u016fli \u0161ed\u00e9mu z\u00e1kalu oslepne 37 milion\u016f lid\u00ed, v\u011bt\u0161ina v rozvojov\u00fdch zem\u00edch. \u0160ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal postihuje v\u011bt\u0161inou pacienty kolem 60. roku v\u011bku a star\u0161\u00ed, ale objevuje se i v mlad\u0161\u00edm v\u011bku. M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt i vrozen\u00fd nebo se objevit po \u00farazu oka. Projevuje se zhor\u0161en\u00edm vid\u011bn\u00ed do d\u00e1lky i p\u0159i \u010dten\u00ed a zm\u011bnou dioptri\u00ed. L\u00e9\u010dit se d\u00e1 jen operativn\u011b, tedy vyjmut\u00edm zakalen\u00e9 \u010do\u010dky ven z oka a nahrazen\u00edm um\u011blou nitroo\u010dn\u00ed \u010do\u010dkou. Operace \u0161ed\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu pat\u0159\u00ed k b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm ambulantn\u00edm z\u00e1krok\u016fm a hrad\u00ed ji poji\u0161\u0165ovna,\u201c popsal Pavel Stod\u016flka. <\/p>\n
Probl\u00e9my se zrakem s sebou nese i cukrovka. Na sv\u011bt\u011b nyn\u00ed \u017eije t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 400 milion\u016f nemocn\u00fdch. Posti\u017een\u00ed oka p\u0159itom pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed chronick\u00e9 komplikace diabetu. Jen v roce 2013 v d\u016fsledku cukrovky osleply dva tis\u00edce \u010cech\u016f. \u201eDiabetick\u00e1 retinopatie neboli zm\u011bny na s\u00edtnici zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 cukrovkou v\u00fdrazn\u011b zhor\u0161uje vid\u011bn\u00ed. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je v prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b kompenzace diabetu a doba, jakou pacient diabetem trp\u00ed. Pokud u\u017e zm\u011bny na s\u00edtnici v\u00fdznamn\u011bji pokro\u010d\u00ed, je nutn\u00e9 o\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed s\u00edtnice nap\u0159\u00edklad laserem, d\u00e1le eventu\u00e1ln\u011b injek\u010dn\u00ed aplikace l\u00e9k\u016f do oka \u010di operace s\u00edtnice. Pokud m\u00e1 pacient cukrovku, je nutn\u00e9, aby pravideln\u011b chodil na kontroly,\u201c upozornil Pavel Stod\u016flka.
\n\u010castou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou slepoty jsou tak\u00e9 \u00farazy oka. K nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u00faraz\u016fm pat\u0159\u00ed poran\u011bn\u00ed ostr\u00fdm p\u0159edm\u011btem nebo v\u011btv\u00ed stromu, \u00fader do oka m\u00ed\u010dem p\u0159i sportu, p\u00e1dy na r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty, ale i pop\u00e1leniny \u010di polept\u00e1n\u00ed oka. \u201eD\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je p\u0159i v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9m poran\u011bn\u00ed dodr\u017eovat z\u00e1sady prvn\u00ed pomoci. Nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i zasa\u017een\u00ed chemickou l\u00e1tkou je nutn\u00e9 oko co nejrychleji vypl\u00e1chnout velk\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm vody a co nejd\u0159\u00edve vyhledat odborn\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e. Zap\u00edchnut\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty by lid\u00e9 nem\u011bli z o\u010d\u00ed rad\u011bji sami vytahovat. S n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvou l\u00e9ka\u0159e se nevypl\u00e1c\u00ed dlouho ot\u00e1let ani p\u0159i zd\u00e1nliv\u011b leh\u010d\u00edch \u00farazech. \u010c\u00edm d\u0159\u00edv se toti\u017e s l\u00e9\u010dbou za\u010dne, t\u00edm se riziko trval\u00e9ho po\u0161kozen\u00ed zraku sni\u017euje,\u201c upozornil Pavel Stod\u016flka. <\/p>\n
U n\u011bkter\u00fdch lid\u00ed ale nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt slepota definitivn\u00ed. Jen v \u010cesku je asi \u010dtvrt milionu nevidom\u00fdch a slabozrak\u00fdch lid\u00ed. D\u00edky implantaci um\u011bl\u00e9 rohovky v\u0161ak mohou n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z nich op\u011bt vid\u011bt. \u201eTypickou indikac\u00ed k implantaci um\u011bl\u00e9 rohovky je nap\u0159\u00edklad oko po t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9m polept\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1pnem nebo jinou chemik\u00e1li\u00ed. Z\u00e1krok v\u0161ak nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 prov\u00e9st u lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou slep\u00ed od narozen\u00ed, ani t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed oslepli nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u00e1sledkem zelen\u00e9ho z\u00e1kalu nebo cukrovky. Um\u011bl\u00e1 rohovka toti\u017e nem\u016f\u017ee pomoci pacient\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00fd zrakov\u00fd nerv nebo s\u00edtnici. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee je rohovka po\u0161kozen\u00e1 n\u00e1sledkem \u00farazu a s\u00edtnice pacienta je v po\u0159\u00e1dku, je mo\u017en\u00e9 zrak vr\u00e1tit v podstat\u011b po jakkoli dlouh\u00e9 dob\u011b. Pokud je ale \u010dlov\u011bk slep\u00fd d\u00e9le ne\u017e dvacet let, je t\u0159eba po\u010d\u00edtat s t\u00edm, \u017ee se zrak bude vracet postupn\u011b. Po dlouh\u00e9m obdob\u00ed slepoty toti\u017e \u010dlov\u011bku p\u0159est\u00e1v\u00e1 fungovat zrakov\u00e9 centrum v mozku, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba obnovit,\u201c vysv\u011btlil Pavel Stod\u016flka.<\/p>\n
Petra \u010eur\u010d\u00edkov\u00e1,
\nTiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va o\u010dn\u00ed kliniky Gemini<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Apel na jednotliv\u00e9 st\u00e1ty, aby v\u00edce podporovaly prevenci slepoty. Na sv\u011bt\u011b \u017eije kolem 150 milion\u016f osob s t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm zrakov\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm, z toho je 38 milion\u016f […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20406,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26508","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26508","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=26508"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26508\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/20406"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=26508"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=26508"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=26508"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}