V\u00fdm\u011bnu aort\u00e1ln\u00ed chlopn\u011b dnes b\u011b\u017en\u011b prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed kardiologov\u00e9 na dvan\u00e1cti m\u00edstech v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Nejsou v\u0161ak spokojeni s \u010dasov\u00fdm omezen\u00edm biologick\u00fdch n\u00e1hrad v lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble, proto hledaj\u00ed a experimentuj\u00ed d\u00e1l. <\/p>\n
Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b v Brn\u011b. Ve v\u00fdzkumu v r\u00e1mci FNUSA-ICRC (Fakultn\u00ed nemocnice u sv. Anny\u2013Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed centrum klinick\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu) t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edm se p\u0159\u00edmo t\u011bchto chlopn\u00ed hraj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli geneticky modifikovan\u00e1 prasata. Ta by v bl\u00edzk\u00e9 budoucnosti fungovala jako biologick\u00fd materi\u00e1l pro v\u00fdrobu nov\u00e9ho typu um\u011bl\u00fdch chlopn\u00ed. <\/p>\n
Z\u00e1krok pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed mili\u00f3ny lid\u00ed <\/p>\n
V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd t\u00fdm kardiochirurg\u016f spole\u010dn\u011b s veterin\u00e1\u0159i, anesteziology, imunology a s dal\u0161\u00edmi specialisty za\u010dal pracovat v roce 2011, jeho \u0161\u00e9fem je p\u0159edn\u00ed kardiochirurg Pavel Piler z brn\u011bnsk\u00e9ho Centra kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00ed a transplanta\u010dn\u00ed chirurgie.
\nJen na tomto pracovi\u0161ti operuj\u00ed ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b na 400 a\u017e 500 pacient\u016f s posti\u017een\u00fdmi aort\u00e1ln\u00edmi chlopn\u011bmi. V cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed tuto n\u00e1hradu mili\u00f3ny lid\u00ed, podle odborn\u00edk\u016f \u010dty\u0159i lid\u00e9 ze sta ve v\u011bku nad 80 let.
\nAort\u00e1ln\u00ed chlope\u0148 lze nahradit mechanickou prot\u00e9zou. Vydr\u017e\u00ed sice neomezen\u011b dlouhou dobu, ale m\u00e1 nev\u00fdhodu, pacient pot\u0159ebuje st\u00e1lou tzv. antikoagula\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu. V srdci je najednou ciz\u00ed materi\u00e1l. \u010clov\u011bk po takov\u00e9 operaci mus\u00ed m\u00edt na\u0159ed\u011bnou krev, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e l\u00e9\u010dba s sebou nese rizika embolizace. A nebo, to kdy\u017e je d\u00e1vka vysok\u00e1, hroz\u00ed krv\u00e1cen\u00ed. Do \u017ealudku, do mo\u010dov\u00e9ho traktu, do hlavy. Druhou mo\u017enost\u00ed n\u00e1hrady je biologick\u00e1 chlope\u0148, kter\u00e1 nepot\u0159ebuje zm\u00edn\u011bnou l\u00e9\u010dbu, ale tak jako v\u0161echny biologick\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b podl\u00e9h\u00e1 degeneraci. Doktor Piler zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee se nemohou implantovat mlad\u0161\u00edm lidem, proto\u017ee by nastala po letech pot\u0159eba reoperace, chlopn\u011b by rychle zdegenerovaly. Geneticky modifikovan\u00e1 prasata nemaj\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st genetick\u00e9 informace, o kter\u00e9 se odborn\u00edci domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 reakci. „Ov\u011b\u0159ujeme hypot\u00e9zu, \u017ee chlopn\u011b u\u0161it\u00e9 z geneticky modifikovan\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at by tak rychle nedegenerovaly,“ sd\u011bluje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed informaci Piler. Na geneticky modifikovan\u00e9m praseti spolupracovali s kolegy z americk\u00e9 Mayo Clinic v Rochesteru a tak\u00e9 z britsk\u00e9 University College v Lond\u00fdn\u011b. U n\u00e1s je \u0161lecht\u00ed a pro v\u011bdeck\u00e9 pot\u0159eby produkuj\u00ed v \u00dastavu \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 fyziologie a genetiky Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR v Lib\u011bchov\u011b na M\u011blnicku. <\/p>\n
Dal\u0161\u00ed operace by nebyla nutn\u00e1 <\/p>\n
Operace prov\u00e1d\u00ed 13\u010dlenn\u00fd v\u00fdzkumn\u00fd t\u00fdm ICRC v are\u00e1lu Veterin\u00e1rn\u00ed a farmaceutick\u00e9 univerzity Brno v kompletn\u011b vybaven\u00e9m kardiochirurgick\u00e9m opera\u010dn\u00edm s\u00e1le. B\u011b\u017en\u011b ji\u017e operat\u00e9\u0159i zvl\u00e1daj\u00ed unik\u00e1tn\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00e9 operace v mimot\u011bln\u00edm ob\u011bhu.
\n„Z jednoho prasete, d\u00e1rce, odejmeme \u010d\u00e1st prav\u00e9 srde\u010dn\u00ed komory, pl\u00edcnicovou chlope\u0148 a pl\u00edcnici, a d\u00e1me ji do jin\u00e9ho prasete, do p\u0159\u00edjemce. Kombinujeme standardn\u00ed prase\u2013standardn\u00ed prase nebo standardn\u00ed prase\u2013prase geneticky modifikovan\u00e9, kter\u00e9 simuluje \u010dlov\u011bka. Nebo tak\u00e9 z geneticky modifikovan\u00e9ho prasete p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00edme do standardn\u00edho. Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00edme r\u016fzn\u00e9 kombinace a zkoum\u00e1me imunologickou odpov\u011b\u010f organismu. Hled\u00e1me takovou tk\u00e1\u0148, kterou bychom pak mohli implantovat lidem,“ vysv\u011btlil Piler. Nyn\u00ed je v\u00fdzkum ve f\u00e1zi imunologick\u00e9ho vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed. Kone\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky nebudou \u0159\u00e1dov\u011b za m\u011bs\u00edce, n\u00fdbr\u017e za roky. P\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 vypadaj\u00ed velmi dob\u0159e. <\/p>\n
— <\/p>\n
Geneticky modifikovan\u00e1 prasata nemaj\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st genetick\u00e9 informace, o kter\u00e9 se odborn\u00edci domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 reakci<\/p>\n
Jan Trojan
\nPr\u00e1vo<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
V\u00fdm\u011bnu aort\u00e1ln\u00ed chlopn\u011b dnes b\u011b\u017en\u011b prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed kardiologov\u00e9 na dvan\u00e1cti m\u00edstech v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Nejsou v\u0161ak spokojeni s \u010dasov\u00fdm omezen\u00edm biologick\u00fdch n\u00e1hrad v lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble, proto […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26519","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26519","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=26519"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26519\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=26519"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=26519"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=26519"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}