Nemoc geni\u00e1ln\u00edch lid\u00ed? Trp\u011bli j\u00ed a trp\u00ed v\u011bdci, spisovatel\u00e9 i herci. Jak se ned\u00e1vno uk\u00e1zalo, nen\u00ed to n\u00e1hoda. \u201a\u0160\u00edlenstv\u00ed\u2018 a tvo\u0159ivost jdou ruku v ruce.<\/p>\n
D\u0159\u00edve se ozna\u010dovala jako maniodepresivn\u00ed psych\u00f3za. U nemocn\u00e9ho se toti\u017e st\u0159\u00eddaj\u00ed f\u00e1ze m\u00e1nie, neboli stavu extr\u00e9mn\u00ed radosti a energie, s obdob\u00edm t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch depres\u00ed. Mezi t\u011bmito epizodami je, za ide\u00e1ln\u00edho stavu, n\u00e1lada norm\u00e1ln\u00ed. Bipol\u00e1rn\u00ed afektivn\u00ed porucha se v psychiatrii \u0159ad\u00ed mezi v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto, \u017ee to nen\u00ed ani \u201a\u010dist\u00e1\u2018 deprese, ani m\u00e1nie, se \u0161patn\u011b l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed. Na druhou stranu \u2013 bez t\u011bchto \u201abl\u00e1zn\u016f\u2018 by byl sv\u011bt o n\u011bco chud\u0161\u00ed. To, co se traduje u\u017e l\u00e9ta, bylo toti\u017e ned\u00e1vno i v\u011bdecky potvrzeno. Pacienti s bipol\u00e1rn\u00ed poruchou b\u00fdvaj\u00ed \u010dasto nesm\u00edrn\u011b tv\u016fr\u010d\u00ed a maj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed inteligenci.
\n„Historick\u00e9 prameny popisuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky bipol\u00e1rn\u00ed poruchy u mnoha slavn\u00fdch a vysoce kreativn\u00edch osobnost\u00ed,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 pro Pestr\u00fd sv\u011bt profesor Tom\u00e1\u0161 H\u00e1jek, M. D., Ph. D., a dod\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee spojen\u00ed mezi bipol\u00e1rn\u00ed poruchou a intelektem se potvrzuje i v ned\u00e1vn\u00fdch studi\u00edch. „Ty nap\u0159\u00edklad ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee sam\u00e9 jedni\u010dky ve \u0161kole sice \u201achr\u00e1n\u00ed\u2018 p\u0159ed schizofreni\u00ed, ale m\u016f\u017eou a\u017e \u010dty\u0159n\u00e1sobn\u011b zvy\u0161ovat riziko budouc\u00edho propuknut\u00ed bipol\u00e1rn\u00ed poruchy,“ up\u0159es\u0148uje l\u00e9ka\u0159. Podle v\u00fdzkum\u016f tak\u00e9 plat\u00ed, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hodnotu IQ m\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bk v d\u011btstv\u00ed, t\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b mu hroz\u00ed psychiatrick\u00e9 pot\u00ed\u017ee, ov\u0161em s jednou v\u00fdjimkou. U bipol\u00e1rn\u00ed poruchy s v\u00fd\u0161kou IQ riziko naopak stoup\u00e1! Rovn\u011b\u017e bylo prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee lid\u00e9 se zv\u00fd\u0161enou genetickou n\u00e1chylnost\u00ed k t\u00e9to poru\u0161e maj\u00ed celou \u0159adu kreativn\u00edch schopnost\u00ed. A to zejm\u00e9na v oblastech jako je literatura \u010di herectv\u00ed. Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto najdeme mezi um\u011blci spoustu maniodepresivn\u00edch pacient\u016f. To pro Pestr\u00fd sv\u011bt potvrzuje i psychiatr MUDr. Radkin Honz\u00e1k, CSc.: „Bipol\u00e1rn\u00ed porucha sebou nese v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ochotu p\u0159ekra\u010dovat jak\u00e9koliv hranice. To, co je v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b nev\u00fdhodou a p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u00ed posti\u017een\u00e9 do mal\u00e9ru, se ve v\u011bd\u011b a um\u011bn\u00ed projevuje jako kreativita a origin\u00e1lnost.“
\nOv\u0161em neplat\u00ed to univerz\u00e1ln\u011b. „\u0158ada pacient\u016f s bipol\u00e1rn\u00ed poruchou je nemoc\u00ed dlouhodob\u011b po\u0161kozena i mezi epizodami deprese \u010di m\u00e1nie,“ popisuje zku\u0161enosti z praxe profesor H\u00e1jek. Podle n\u011bj je pr\u00e1v\u011b fakt, \u017ee n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed pacienti jsou poruchou naprosto vy\u0159azeni ze \u017eivota, zat\u00edmco jin\u00ed mezi atakami \u017eij\u00ed norm\u00e1ln\u011b, jednou z mnoha z\u00e1had, kter\u00e9 se s touto diagn\u00f3zou poj\u00ed. „Pokud tento medic\u00ednsk\u00fd o\u0159\u00ed\u0161ek rozlouskneme, mohli bychom v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovlivnit progn\u00f3zu na\u0161ich pacient\u016f,“ dod\u00e1v\u00e1 H\u00e1jek. Do t\u00e9 doby se v\u0161ak budou muset v\u0161ichni nemocn\u00ed spolehnout na dosavadn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu. Tou je kombinace psychofarmak a psychoterapie, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b i \u201aelektro\u0161ok\u016f\u2018.<\/p>\n
—<\/p>\n
Maniodepresivn\u00ed psych\u00f3za v \u010d\u00edslech<\/p>\n
1 % lid\u00ed z celkov\u00e9 dosp\u011bl\u00e9 populace trp\u00ed bipol\u00e1rn\u00ed afektivn\u00ed poruchou.
\n20 let je pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd v\u011bk, kdy b\u00fdv\u00e1 nemoc diagnostikov\u00e1na. M\u016f\u017ee to b\u00fdt ale a\u017e mnohem pozd\u011bji.
\n50 % nemocn\u00fdch se pokus\u00ed o sebevra\u017edu, tak\u0159ka polovina z nich sv\u016fj \u010din dokon\u00e1.<\/p>\n
Tr\u00e1pen\u00ed slavn\u00fdch<\/p>\n
– V\u00ddKYVY N\u00c1LAD spojen\u00fdmi s bipol\u00e1rn\u00ed poruchou trp\u011bl t\u0159eba Milo\u0161 Kopeck\u00fd (\u202073), kter\u00fd \u00fd dokonce n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t v \u017eivot\u011b uva\u017eoval o sebevra\u017ed\u011b, nebo Petr Muk (\u202045). Tomu byla nemoc diagnostikov\u00e1na ji\u017e v devaten\u00e1cti letech a z\u0159ejm\u011b kv\u016fli l\u00e9k\u016fm na depresi v kombinaci s alkoholem zem\u0159el.
\n– DEPRESE I M\u00c1NIE si pro\u017eila t\u00e9\u017e here\u010dka Catherine Zeta-Jones (47). U t\u00e9 nemoc naplno propukla v dob\u011b, kdy je jej\u00ed man\u017eel Michael Douglas (72) bojoval s rakovinou. Probl\u00e9my p\u0159iznala a\u017e letos, tak\u0159ka po \u0161esti letech.<\/p>\n
Inteligence jako dar i mo\u017en\u00e9 proklet\u00ed<\/p>\n
Choroba s velkou \u0159adou nezn\u00e1m\u00fdch<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Pestr\u00fd sv\u011bt<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nemoc geni\u00e1ln\u00edch lid\u00ed? Trp\u011bli j\u00ed a trp\u00ed v\u011bdci, spisovatel\u00e9 i herci. Jak se ned\u00e1vno uk\u00e1zalo, nen\u00ed to n\u00e1hoda. \u201a\u0160\u00edlenstv\u00ed\u2018 a tvo\u0159ivost jdou ruku v ruce.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14427,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26561","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26561","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=26561"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26561\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14427"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=26561"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=26561"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=26561"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}