\u010cty\u0159icetilet\u00e1 \u00fa\u0159ednice se p\u0159i ch\u016fzi z autobusov\u00e9 zast\u00e1vky na radnici, kde je zam\u011bstn\u00e1na, musela n\u00e1hle zastavit. V hrudn\u00edku poc\u00edtila pal\u010divou bolest, tak\u017ee j\u00ed kolemjdouc\u00ed rad\u011bji zavolali rychlou z\u00e1chrannou slu\u017ebu.<\/p>\n
Po \u0159ad\u011b vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed se j\u00ed zku\u0161en\u00fd praktik zeptal, zda se n\u011bco nezm\u011bnilo v okol\u00ed jej\u00edho bydli\u0161t\u011b. Pacientka si uv\u011bdomila, \u017ee p\u0159ed -loni zprovoznili nedaleko jejich domu m\u011bstsk\u00fd okruh s \u010dil\u00fdm provozem.<\/p>\n
Hluk fyzick\u00e9 kondici rozhodn\u011b neprosp\u00edv\u00e1<\/p>\n
V\u00fd\u0161e popsan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh nen\u00ed nikterak v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fd. Evropsk\u00e1 agentura \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee na na\u0161em kontinent\u011b p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b zem\u0159e v d\u016fsledku nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho hluku na 10 000 osob.
\nB\u011bhem dne hluk znep\u0159\u00edjem\u0148uje \u017eivot ka\u017ed\u00e9mu t\u0159et\u00edmu Evropanovi a jeden z p\u011bti obyvatel na\u0161eho kontinentu se v jeho d\u016fsledku po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b nevysp\u00ed.
\nNa rozd\u00edl od koncentrac\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch l\u00e1tek v prost\u0159ed\u00ed hladina hluku v Evropsk\u00e9 unii nekles\u00e1. Ani progn\u00f3zy odborn\u00edk\u016f ze Sv\u011btov\u00e9 zdravotnick\u00e9 organizace (WHO) n\u00e1s p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nepot\u011b\u0161\u00ed \u2013 a\u017e na v\u00fdjimky se popsan\u00e1 skute\u010dnost v Evrop\u011b v bl\u00edzk\u00e9 budoucnosti v\u00fdrazn\u011bji nezlep\u0161\u00ed.
\nP\u0159itom o ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edm dopadu nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho hluku na fyzickou kondici obyvatelstva shrom\u00e1\u017edili l\u00e9ka\u0159i i odborn\u00edci na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed p\u0159ehr\u0161li d\u016fkaz\u016f. Uv\u00e1d\u00ed se, \u017ee pokud hluk v noci p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed jen 55 decibel\u016f, co\u017e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 pom\u011br\u016fm v tich\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159i, dojde u posti\u017een\u00fdch osob ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed krevn\u00edho tlaku. N\u00e1r\u016fst intenzity hluku z 55 na 60 decibel\u016f prodlu\u017euje dobu us\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed ze 14 na 22 minut.
\nCo je ale z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 intenzivn\u00ed hlu\u010dnost m\u00e1 na sv\u011bdom\u00ed dlouhodobou nespavost, zhor\u0161en\u00ed sluchu nebo poruchy \u010dinnosti sval\u016f a srdce v\u010detn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed infarktu myokardu a mozkov\u00e9 mrtvice. D\u00e1n\u0161t\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i ned\u00e1vno publikovali v\u00fdsledky rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed podporuj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1zor, \u017ee nadm\u011brn\u00fd lomoz urychluje u jemu vystaven\u00fdch osob vznik jedn\u00e9 z nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch civiliza\u010dn\u00edch chorob sou\u010dasnosti \u2013 cukrovky.<\/p>\n
Vyvol\u00e1 hluk v prost\u0159ed\u00ed deprese a \u00fazkost?<\/p>\n
Zat\u00edmco negativn\u00ed vliv nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho hluku na t\u011blesn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed opakovan\u011b potvrdila cel\u00e1 \u0159ada studi\u00ed, o jeho vlivu na du\u0161evn\u00ed kondici \u010dlov\u011bka toho v\u00edme nesrovnateln\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b.
\nVyplnit mezeru v na\u0161ich znalostech se pokusil po\u010detn\u00fd kolektiv v\u011bdc\u016f, veden\u00fdch Manfredem E. Beutelem z Univerzity Johanna Gutenberga v n\u011bmeck\u00e9 Mohu\u010di. Badatel\u00e9 analyzovali dotazn\u00edky vypln\u011bn\u00e9 v letech 2007 a\u017e 2012 14 635 obyvateli Mohu\u010de ve v\u011bku 35\u201374 let. Respondenti m\u011bli ve stupnici od jedn\u00e9 do p\u011bti uv\u00e9st, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry u nich vyvol\u00e1 lomoz pocit rozmrzelosti, popudlivosti \u010di \u00fazkosti.
\nJak ch\u00e1pat v\u00fdstupy zmi\u0148ovan\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu? Jen p\u011btina dot\u00e1zan\u00fdch zast\u00e1vala n\u00e1zor, \u017ee na n\u011b p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 intenzivn\u00ed hlu\u010dnost prost\u0159ed\u00ed v\u016fbec nep\u016fsob\u00ed. Naopak skoro 30 % zpov\u00eddan\u00fdch se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee hluk u nich vede k siln\u00e9, nebo dokonce mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b siln\u00e9 rozmrzelosti. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fajmu na du\u0161evn\u00edm zdrav\u00ed u zkouman\u00e9ho vzorku m\u011bla na sv\u011bdom\u00ed leteck\u00e1 doprava, na ni\u017e si st\u011b\u017eovalo \u0161est dotazovan\u00fdch z deseti. Ostatn\u011b, pod\u00edv\u00e1me-li se na mapu, zjist\u00edme, \u017ee Mohu\u010d le\u017e\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo na trase \u010detn\u00fdch spoj\u016f sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edch do Frankfurtu nad Mohanem, na jedno z nejru\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00edch leti\u0161\u0165 na sv\u011bt\u011b. Naopak nejm\u00e9n\u011b du\u0161evn\u00ed pohodu dotazovan\u00fdch ovliv\u0148oval hluk zp\u016fsoben\u00fd \u017eeleznic\u00ed.
\nTak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9. Ve skupin\u011b, na kterou podle vlastn\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed hluk nem\u011bl vliv, u 4,5 % respondent\u016f l\u00e9ka\u0159i skute\u010dn\u011b zaznamenali deprese, kde\u017eto mezi t\u011bmi, na n\u011b\u017e m\u011bl hluk mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b siln\u00fd dopad, to byla ji\u017e desetina.<\/p>\n
Co m\u016f\u017ee odhalit dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum<\/p>\n
„Mus\u00edme ale p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee jsme nehodnotili skute\u010dnou hladinu hluku, ale reakci jednotlivc\u016f na ni,“ p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 Eva Kleinov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 rovn\u011b\u017e p\u0159isp\u011bla k vypracov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 studie. Sou\u010dasn\u011b je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed ji\u017e p\u0159ed v\u00fdzkumem trp\u011bli depresemi nebo \u00fazkostmi, mohou b\u00fdt na hluk citliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a v\u016f\u010di n\u011bmu vn\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.
\n„P\u0159esto je vazba mezi podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bnost\u00ed a porucha mi du\u0161evn\u00edho zdrav\u00ed v na\u0161em v\u00fdzkumu velmi siln\u00e1,“ uzav\u00edr\u00e1 Beutel. Jeho t\u00fdm stejn\u00fd vzorek obyvatel Mohu\u010de nad\u00e1le bedliv\u011b sleduje, aby podrobn\u011bji objasnil, jak mrzutost konkr\u00e9tn\u011b vede ke stresu, jen\u017e m\u016f\u017ee vy\u00fastit do depres\u00ed a dlouhodob\u00e9 \u00fazkosti.<\/p>\n
—<\/p>\n
Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fajmu na du\u0161evn\u00edm zdrav\u00ed m\u011bla na sv\u011bdom\u00ed leteck\u00e1 doprava, na ni\u017e si st\u011b\u017eovalo \u0161est dotazovan\u00fdch z deseti<\/p>\n
Jan Plesn\u00edk
\nPr\u00e1vo<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u010cty\u0159icetilet\u00e1 \u00fa\u0159ednice se p\u0159i ch\u016fzi z autobusov\u00e9 zast\u00e1vky na radnici, kde je zam\u011bstn\u00e1na, musela n\u00e1hle zastavit. V hrudn\u00edku poc\u00edtila pal\u010divou bolest, tak\u017ee j\u00ed kolemjdouc\u00ed rad\u011bji […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24121,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26708","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26708","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=26708"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26708\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/24121"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=26708"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=26708"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=26708"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}