Japon\u0161t\u00ed v\u011bdci cht\u011bj\u00ed \u010dasem l\u00e9\u010dit vrozen\u00fd druh posti\u017een\u00ed chirurgick\u00fdm z\u00e1sahem ve vnit\u0159n\u00edm uchu<\/p>\n
V\u011bdci v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee stoj\u00ed na pokraji objevu, kter\u00fd by jim umo\u017enil vyl\u00e9\u010dit vrozenou ztr\u00e1tu sluchu pomoc\u00ed kmenov\u00fdch bun\u011bk. Japonsk\u00fdm badatel\u016fm se toti\u017e poda\u0159ilo vyp\u011bstovat takzvan\u00e9 vnit\u0159n\u00ed vl\u00e1skov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky, je\u017e by lidem posti\u017een\u00fdm d\u011bdi\u010dnou hluchotou mohly nahradit ty vrozen\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00e9.<\/p>\n
Vl\u00e1skov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky slou\u017e\u00ed k p\u0159em\u011bn\u011b zvukov\u00fdch vln na nervov\u00e9 impulsy a jsou v tzv. Cortiho org\u00e1nu, jen\u017e je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed hlem\u00fd\u017ed\u011b vnit\u0159n\u00edho ucha.
\nKdy\u017e dojde ke genetick\u00e9 mutaci t\u011bchto bun\u011bk, mohou se d\u011bti narodit s t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm sluchov\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm. To lze zat\u00edm \u0159e\u0161it jen pomoc\u00ed implant\u00e1tu, kter\u00fd se vkl\u00e1d\u00e1 do vnit\u0159n\u00edho ucha a nahrazuje funkci hlem\u00fd\u017ed\u011b.
\nNyn\u00ed se podle listu The Daily Mail v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016fm poda\u0159ilo vyp\u011bstovat kmenov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky prost\u00e9 mutac\u00ed.
\nO\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed proto, \u017ee v budoucnu dok\u00e1\u017eou chirurgicky vlo\u017eit tyto bu\u0148ky do ucha pacienta, kde se vyvinou a budou fungovat jako norm\u00e1ln\u00ed, zdrav\u00e9 vl\u00e1skov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky.
\n„Jsem z v\u00fdsledk\u016f na\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ce nad\u0161en\u00fd. Douf\u00e1me, \u017ee povedou k vyl\u00e9\u010den\u00ed tohoto druhu d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e9 hluchoty,“ prohl\u00e1sil profesor Kazusaku Kamija z Juntendo univerzity v Tokiu.<\/p>\n
Vrozenou ztr\u00e1tou sluchu trp\u00ed jedno novorozen\u011b z tis\u00edce<\/p>\n
„Na\u0161li jsme zp\u016fsob, jak z\u00edskat kmenov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky. Dal\u0161\u00edm krokem je ale vypracovat bezpe\u010dn\u00fd postup, jak je um\u00edstit v uchu pacienta,“ podotkl. „Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee terapie bude dostupn\u00e1 b\u011bhem p\u011bti a\u017e deseti let,“ dodal.
\nVrozen\u00e1 ztr\u00e1ta sluchu je relativn\u011b \u010dast\u00e1 \u2013 postihuje toti\u017e podle statistik ka\u017ed\u00e9ho tis\u00edc\u00edho novorozence a zhruba 60 procent p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f je determinov\u00e1no pr\u00e1v\u011b mutac\u00ed genu nesouc\u00edho n\u00e1zev GJB2, na n\u011bj\u017e se japonsk\u00fd v\u00fdzkum zam\u011b\u0159uje.
\n\u010clov\u011bk m\u00e1 p\u0159i narozen\u00ed v ka\u017ed\u00e9m uchu zhruba 11 tis\u00edc vl\u00e1skov\u00fdch bun\u011bk. St\u00e1rnut\u00ed, dopady siln\u00e9ho hluku \u010di vliv drog ale zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed jejich odum\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 sluch se tak zhor\u0161uje, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b nen\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina typ\u016f ztr\u00e1ty sluchu l\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e1, lze ji jen \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b kompenzovat r\u016fzn\u00fdmi naslouchadly. Zhruba t\u0159etina lid\u00ed ve v\u011bku kolem 65 let si st\u011b\u017euje, \u017ee sly\u0161\u00ed h\u016f\u0159e, mezi seniory o deset let star\u0161\u00edmi je \u0161patn\u011b sly\u0161\u00edc\u00edch u\u017e polovina.
\nKmenov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky jsou nediferencovan\u00e9 \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 bu\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed schopnost se d\u011blit a m\u011bnit se na jin\u00fd bun\u011b\u010dn\u00fd, specifick\u00fd typ.
\nTato schopnost umo\u017e\u0148uje t\u011blu vytvo\u0159it nov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky, a opravit tak po\u0161kozen\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti t\u011bla, kter\u00e9 jsou slo\u017eeny z bun\u011b\u010dn\u00fdch typ\u016f, je\u017e se d\u011blit neum\u011bj\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Pr\u00e1vo<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Japon\u0161t\u00ed v\u011bdci cht\u011bj\u00ed \u010dasem l\u00e9\u010dit vrozen\u00fd druh posti\u017een\u00ed chirurgick\u00fdm z\u00e1sahem ve vnit\u0159n\u00edm uchu<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23552,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26762","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26762","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=26762"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26762\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/23552"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=26762"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=26762"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=26762"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}