Nevyl\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e9 nemoci m\u011bn\u00edme na chronick\u00e9 \u2013 pen\u011bz na l\u00e9\u010dbu v\u0161ak nen\u00ed dost: varuj\u00ed \u010de\u0161t\u00ed hematoonkologov\u00e9. Podle nich hroz\u00ed, \u017ee kvalitn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu nedostanou v\u0161ichni, kte\u0159\u00ed ji pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed. <\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Pacient\u016f neust\u00e1le p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 a ze smrteln\u00e9ho stra\u0161\u00e1ka se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed nemoci, s nimi\u017e lze \u010dasto, bez v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f do\u017e\u00edt stejn\u00e9ho v\u011bku, jako zdrav\u00e1 populace. Cena za \u017eivot se v\u0161ak u n\u011bkter\u00fdch diagn\u00f3z \u0161plh\u00e1 a\u017e ke 250 tis\u00edc\u016fm korun\u00e1m m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b.
\n
\nV \u010cesk\u00e9 republice je 8 center vysoce specializovan\u00e9 hematologick\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de. Jedno z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v Brn\u011b. Zat\u00edmco v roce 2015 tam st\u00e1la specializovan\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba pacient\u016f s rakovinou krve zhruba 400 milion\u016f korun, letos to bude kolem p\u016fl miliardy a odhady pro rok 2017 po\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed a\u017e s 570 miliony korun. Podle platn\u00e9 \u00fahradov\u00e9 vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky dostala tato nemocnice za uvedenou l\u00e9\u010dbu v roce 2015 pouze 363 milion\u016f korun a v roce 2016 jen 416 milion\u016f korun. Odhad deficitu pro rok 2017 je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 100 milion\u016f korun. V ostatn\u00edch centrech je situace obdobn\u00e1. Stav je podle odborn\u00edk\u016f neudr\u017eiteln\u00fd. Nemocnice, v nich\u017e hematoonkologick\u00e1 centra funguj\u00ed, ro\u010dn\u011b prod\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed stamiliony korun. S n\u00e1stupem nov\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby v letech 2000 a\u017e 2005 do\u0161lo k radik\u00e1ln\u00edmu poklesu \u00famrt\u00ed na onkologick\u00e9 nemoci krve.
\n\u201eK des\u00edtk\u00e1m tis\u00edc pacient\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se d\u00edky biologick\u00fdm l\u00e9k\u016fm do\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed stejn\u00e9ho v\u011bku, jako zdrav\u00e1 populace, p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd rok zhruba 4 tis\u00edce nov\u00fdch pacient\u016f. Po\u010det lid\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v centrech l\u00e9\u010d\u00edme, se tak neust\u00e1le zvy\u0161uje. N\u00e1klady jen na l\u00e9ky pro pacienta se pohybuj\u00ed v rozmez\u00ed 50 tis\u00edc a\u017e 200 tis\u00edc korun m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 p\u0159ednosta Intern\u00ed hematologick\u00e9 a onkologick\u00e9 kliniky LF MU a FN Brno, prof. MUDr. Ji\u0159\u00ed Mayer, CSc. \u201eV tom nejsou zahrnuty dal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1klady na r\u016fzn\u00e1 specializovan\u00e1 laboratorn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00edch molekul\u00e1rn\u011b biologick\u00fdch. Pot\u00fdk\u00e1me se s nedostatkem person\u00e1lu, vybaven\u00edm v podob\u011b zobrazovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f, \u010di kapacity laborato\u0159\u00ed. Pacienti \u010dekaj\u00ed hodiny p\u0159ed ordinacemi a \u010dasto nem\u00e1me ani voln\u00e9 l\u016f\u017eko v nemocnici, kam bychom je mohli ulo\u017eit.\u201c Pr\u00e1ce na hematoonkologii je podle n\u011bj extr\u00e9mn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1, a \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 si vysok\u00fd po\u010det vzd\u011blan\u00e9ho person\u00e1lu. V\u00edce ne\u017e jinde se zde zdravotnick\u00fd person\u00e1l pot\u00fdk\u00e1 se syndromem vyho\u0159en\u00ed.
\nPodle p\u0159edsedy v\u00fdboru \u010cesk\u00e9 hematologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti \u010cLS JEP (\u010cHS) doc. MUDr. Jaroslava \u010cerm\u00e1ka, CSc. se rakovina krve t\u00fdk\u00e1 v\u0161ech v\u011bkov\u00fdch kategori\u00ed \u2013 mal\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed, mlad\u00fdch i star\u0161\u00edch lid\u00ed. Nejv\u00edce pacient\u016f trp\u00ed malign\u00edmi lymfomy a leuk\u00e9mi\u00ed. \u201eP\u0159esto\u017ee hematoonkologick\u00e9 diagn\u00f3zy tvo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 10 % v\u0161ech n\u00e1dorov\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, na jejich l\u00e9\u010dbu spot\u0159ebuj\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i mnohem v\u00edce biologick\u00fdch onkologick\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u016f, ne\u017e by odpov\u00eddalo zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdm 10 %,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 doc. \u010cerm\u00e1k. L\u00e9\u010dba t\u011bchto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed je tedy jednozna\u010dn\u011b nejn\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. \u201eNap\u0159\u00edklad u n\u00e1s ve FN Brno se v roce 2016 za l\u00e9ky na hematoonkologick\u00e9 nemoci vyd\u00e1 a\u017e 37 % objemu ceny v\u0161ech spot\u0159ebovan\u00fdch biologik. Druh\u00e1 v po\u0159ad\u00ed, l\u00e9\u010dba roztrou\u0161en\u00e9 skler\u00f3zy, je asi na 15 % spot\u0159ebovan\u00fdch biologick\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u016f. A to v na\u0161\u00ed nemocnici l\u00e9\u010d\u00edme biologick\u00fdmi prepar\u00e1ty \u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch nemocn\u00fdch \u2013 onkologick\u00fdch se solidn\u00edmi tumory, s revmatick\u00fdmi chorobami, s mnoh\u00fdmi za\u017e\u00edvac\u00edmi chorobami a dal\u0161\u00edmi z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi,\u201c doplnil prof. Mayer. Tento stav je podle n\u011bj podobn\u00fd v dal\u0161\u00edch 7 \u010desk\u00fdch centrech.
\nTypick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem n\u00e1kladn\u00e9, ale dob\u0159e l\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e9 nemoci krve je chronick\u00e1 myeloidn\u00ed leukemie. \u201eD\u0159\u00edve pacienti p\u0159e\u017e\u00edvali jen n\u011bkolik let, pak se progn\u00f3za zlep\u0161ila po zaveden\u00ed transplantace kostn\u00ed d\u0159en\u011b, nicm\u00e9n\u011b i v souvislosti s t\u00edmto z\u00e1krokem \u0159ada pacient\u016f zem\u0159ela. Nyn\u00ed ale za pomoci c\u00edlen\u00e9 terapie v oby\u010dejn\u00fdch tablet\u00e1ch udr\u017e\u00edme skoro v\u0161echny nemocn\u00e9 p\u0159i \u017eivot\u011b a\u017e do vysok\u00e9ho v\u011bku,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 prof. Mayer. U lymfom\u016f se zv\u00fd\u0161il v\u00fdskyt nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f za 10 let o v\u00edce ne\u017e 30 %, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 zaveden\u00edm c\u00edlen\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby kleslo riziko \u00famrt\u00ed o t\u0159etinu. V neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b se zv\u00fd\u0161ila kvalita \u017eivota nemocn\u00fdch i jejich schopnost se vr\u00e1tit do pr\u00e1ce a \u017e\u00edt norm\u00e1ln\u00ed \u017eivot.
\nHematologov\u00e9 upozor\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee na rozd\u00edl od \u0159ady jin\u00fdch chorob, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed rizikov\u00fdm chov\u00e1n\u00edm, nelze proti hematoonkologick\u00e9mu onemocn\u011bn\u00ed d\u011blat zhola nic. \u201eNap\u0159\u00edklad ku\u0159\u00e1k m\u00e1 velkou \u0161anci, \u017ee se dopracuje k rakovin\u011b plic nebo j\u00edcnu, alkoholik zase k rakovin\u011b jater. Ale jak zabr\u00e1nit vzniku rakoviny krve zat\u00edm nikdo nev\u00ed. Je nespravedliv\u00e9, aby se nedost\u00e1valo \u00fahrady l\u00e9\u010dby nemoc\u00ed, kter\u00fdm nelze p\u0159edej\u00edt,\u201c shoduj\u00ed se hematoonkologov\u00e9. Podle \u010cHS by v\u00fdrazn\u011b pomohlo 20% skokov\u00e9 nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u00fahrad od pl\u00e1tc\u016f p\u00e9\u010de \u2013 poji\u0161\u0165oven. \u201eU t\u00e9to l\u00e9\u010dby, kter\u00e1 denn\u011b zachra\u0148uje \u017eivoty, neexistuje varianta levn\u00e9ho l\u00e9ku nebo levn\u00e9 laborato\u0159e \u010di zobrazovac\u00ed metody, nelze m\u011bnit postupy a my, l\u00e9ka\u0159i, nechceme st\u00e1t p\u0159ed ne\u0159e\u0161itelnou volbou \u2013 l\u00e9\u010dit nebo \u0161et\u0159it,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. Mayer. Nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed by se m\u011blo t\u00fdkat nejen \u00fahrad za l\u00e9ky, ale tak\u00e9 za laboratorn\u00ed a zobrazovac\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed. Z\u00e1sadn\u011b by se m\u011bla pos\u00edlit i infrastruktura center intenzivn\u00ed hematologick\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de.
\nProjevy n\u00e1dorov\u00e9ho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed krve jsou r\u016fzn\u00e9, podle odborn\u00edk\u016f se ale v\u017edy objev\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u011b jeden z n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch \u2013 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd v\u00fdskyt infekc\u00ed (nap\u0159\u00edklad v \u00fastech), z\u00e1pal plic, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 teploty, krv\u00e1cen\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad do k\u016f\u017ee, bledost, \u00fanava, zad\u00fdch\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, slabost, zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00ed uzlin, no\u010dn\u00ed pocen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduje p\u0159evle\u010den\u00ed i n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t za noc. \u201ePokud u sebe \u010dlov\u011bk tyto projevy pozoruje, je dobr\u00e9 zaj\u00edt k praktick\u00e9mu l\u00e9ka\u0159i a nechat si vy\u0161et\u0159it krevn\u00ed obraz,\u201c uzav\u00edr\u00e1 doc. \u010cerm\u00e1k.
\nO \u010cesk\u00e9 hematologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti<\/p>\n
\u010cesk\u00e1 hematologick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost \u010cLS JEP (\u010cHS) m\u00e1 v sou\u010dasnosti p\u0159es 1200 \u010dlen\u016f, sdru\u017euje l\u00e9ka\u0159e, vysoko\u0161kol\u00e1ky nel\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch profes\u00ed, zdravotn\u00ed sestry a laboranty z hematologick\u00fdch pracovi\u0161\u0165. Hlavn\u00edm \u00fakolem \u010cHS je db\u00e1t o vysokou odbornou \u00farove\u0148 p\u00e9\u010de o nemocn\u00e9 s chorobami krvetvorby v souladu s rychle se rozv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00edmi nov\u00fdmi l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edstupy, kter\u00e9 zcela revolu\u010dn\u011b zm\u011bnily progn\u00f3zu zejm\u00e9na u nemocn\u00fdch s n\u00e1dory krvetvorby. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje efektivn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edt prost\u0159edk\u016f na velmi n\u00e1kladnou terapii, je centralizace p\u00e9\u010de v Centrech vysoce specializovan\u00e9 hematoonkologick\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de, v Centrech pro poruchy hemost\u00e1zy a v Centrech pro vz\u00e1cn\u00e1 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed krvetvorby. Na tato centra pak navazuje s\u00ed\u0165 pracovi\u0161\u0165 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de. Vysok\u00e1 odborn\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 hematologick\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de je zaji\u0161t\u011bna sdru\u017een\u00edm hematolog\u016f do pracovn\u00edch skupin a odborn\u00fdch sekc\u00ed, zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se l\u00e9\u010dbou leukemi\u00ed, lymfom\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1dor\u016f krvetvorby, ale tak\u00e9 nap\u0159. hemofilie a dal\u0161\u00edch poruch krevn\u00edho sr\u00e1\u017een\u00ed.
\nNed\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u010dinnosti \u010cHS je tvorba Doporu\u010den\u00fdch l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch postup\u016f a po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00edch odborn\u00fdch konferenc\u00ed a semin\u00e1\u0159\u016f. Velkou pozornost spole\u010dnost v\u011bnuje podpo\u0159e ob\u010dansk\u00fdch sdru\u017een\u00ed nemocn\u00fdch s chorobami krvetvorby. V\u00edce informac\u00ed na: www.hematology.cz<\/p>\n
Mark\u00e9ta Pudilov\u00e1
\nTiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nevyl\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e9 nemoci m\u011bn\u00edme na chronick\u00e9 \u2013 pen\u011bz na l\u00e9\u010dbu v\u0161ak nen\u00ed dost: varuj\u00ed \u010de\u0161t\u00ed hematoonkologov\u00e9. Podle nich hroz\u00ed, \u017ee kvalitn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu nedostanou v\u0161ichni, kte\u0159\u00ed ji […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14888,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26891","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26891","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=26891"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26891\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14888"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=26891"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=26891"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=26891"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}