{"id":27163,"date":"2017-02-02T10:29:41","date_gmt":"2017-02-02T09:29:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=27163"},"modified":"2017-02-02T10:29:41","modified_gmt":"2017-02-02T09:29:41","slug":"psychiatr-az-do-domu-zabrani-maleru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/?p=27163","title":{"rendered":"Psychiatr a\u017e do domu zabr\u00e1n\u00ed mal\u00e9ru"},"content":{"rendered":"

V Praze pracuj\u00ed dva t\u00fdmy odborn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jezd\u00ed za du\u0161evn\u011b nemocn\u00fdmi. Mohou p\u0159edej\u00edt ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed<\/strong> <\/p>\n

PRAHA Ne ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk, kter\u00fd by to pot\u0159eboval, zajde s\u00e1m od sebe k psychiatrovi. Proto by m\u011bly vzniknout t\u00fdmy, kter\u00e9 za pacienty zam\u00ed\u0159\u00ed k nim dom\u016f. „Zaveden\u00ed ter\u00e9nn\u00ed slu\u017eby je jedn\u00edm z c\u00edl\u016f p\u0159ipravovan\u00e9 reformy p\u00e9\u010de o lidi s du\u0161evn\u00edmi probl\u00e9my,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Pavel \u0158\u00ed\u010dan, \u0159editel Centra pro rozvoj p\u00e9\u010de o du\u0161evn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\n

– Jak by m\u011bla slu\u017eba fungovat?<\/p>\n

P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm bude slou\u017eit preventivn\u011b, aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo zbytn\u00fdm hospitalizac\u00edm, ke kter\u00fdm doch\u00e1z\u00ed tak\u00e9 proto, \u017ee pomoc nebyla poskytnuta v\u010das. Jde o takzvanou \u010dasnou intervenci, aby lid\u00e9 dostali podporu co nejd\u0159\u00edve po objeven\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f. Existuje \u0159ada studi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, jak\u00fd obrovsk\u00fd efekt m\u00e1 v\u010dasn\u00e9 podchycen\u00ed du\u0161evn\u00edch pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed a jak to m\u016f\u017ee \u010dlov\u011bku pomoci. Pokud se nemoc rozvine, je to komplikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

– A jej\u00ed druh\u00e1 funkce?<\/p>\n

U lid\u00ed s v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm du\u0161evn\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm m\u00e1me velmi dlouh\u00e9 hospitalizace. Kdy\u017e budou m\u00edt tito lid\u00e9 automaticky mo\u017enost podpory, budou se vracet d\u0159\u00edv dom\u016f. Ter\u00e9nn\u00ed t\u00fdm jim bude k dispozici v tom, co nejv\u00edce pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd je u\u017e jen pravideln\u00fd kontakt, nab\u00eddka pomoci, kdyby se n\u011bco d\u011blo.<\/p>\n

– Jak\u00fd je princip? \u010clov\u011bk s probl\u00e9my mus\u00ed s\u00e1m zavolat, nebo ter\u00e9nn\u00ed pracovn\u00edci pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 lidi sami aktivn\u011b vyhled\u00e1vaj\u00ed?<\/p>\n

T\u011bch cest je n\u011bkolik. Kdy\u017e se lid\u00e9 z ter\u00e9nn\u00ed slu\u017eby dozv\u011bd\u00ed o \u010dlov\u011bku, kter\u00fd pot\u0159ebuje pomoc, mohou ho sami vyhledat a pokusit se v\u011bc \u0159e\u0161it. Bohu\u017eel dnes je to po\u0159\u00e1d je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b tak, \u017ee se \u010dek\u00e1 na mal\u00e9r a potom situaci \u0159e\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1chranka a policie. Vznikaj\u00ed zbyte\u010dn\u00e1 traumata, je to t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 i pro rodiny, kter\u00e9 o probl\u00e9mu v\u011bd\u00ed, ale kdy\u017e pot\u0159ebn\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk nechce j\u00edt k l\u00e9ka\u0159i, tak nemaj\u00ed na koho se obr\u00e1tit.<\/p>\n

– Pokud v\u00edm, tak pilotn\u00ed t\u00fdm u\u017e tuto slu\u017ebu v Praze testuje…<\/p>\n

V Praze existuj\u00ed dva t\u00fdmy, jeden v Podskal\u00ed a druh\u00fd v Praze 8, nicm\u00e9n\u011b zku\u0161enosti m\u016f\u017eeme \u010derpat i ze zahrani\u010d\u00ed, proto\u017ee t\u0159eba v Nizozemsku \u010di v Anglii u\u017e toto des\u00edtky let funguje. Zku\u0161enosti z Anglie \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee slu\u017eba vedla k redukci l\u016f\u017eek v des\u00edtk\u00e1ch procent. Nen\u00ed d\u016fvod se domn\u00edvat, \u017ee u n\u00e1s bude dopad jin\u00fd. Jde jen o to, jak rychle se poda\u0159\u00ed hospitalizace redukovat. Ta zm\u011bna nespo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v \u00faspo\u0159e pen\u011bz, ale ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed kvalit\u011b \u017eivota, kterou p\u0159inese du\u0161evn\u011b nemocn\u00fdm.<\/p>\n

– Jak dlouho program u n\u00e1s b\u011b\u017e\u00ed?<\/p>\n

Jde o v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 se vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed v posledn\u00edch dvou letech. Ministerstvo zdravotnictv\u00ed m\u00e1 v pl\u00e1nu do p\u011bti let vytvo\u0159it celkem 30 center du\u0161evn\u00edho zdrav\u00ed v cel\u00e9 republice. C\u00edlem ale mus\u00ed b\u00fdt dostupnost takov\u00e9to slu\u017eby v\u0161em, to znamen\u00e1 m\u00edt v ka\u017ed\u00e9m okresu jeden t\u00fdm.<\/p>\n

– Vznikne n\u011bjak\u00e1 organizace, kter\u00e1 toto bude centr\u00e1ln\u011b za\u0161ti\u0165ovat?<\/p>\n

Ne, centra budou m\u00edt r\u016fzn\u00e9 z\u0159izovatele.<\/p>\n

– V \u010dem konkr\u00e9tn\u011b budou pom\u00e1hat?<\/p>\n

M\u011bla by lidem s du\u0161evn\u00edmi nemocemi pomoci dos\u00e1hnout uspokojiv\u00e9ho \u017eivota, kter\u00fd bude co nejm\u00e9n\u011b naru\u0161en\u00fd jejich zdravotn\u00edmi probl\u00e9my. Co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt cel\u00e1 \u0161k\u00e1la v\u011bc\u00ed \u2013 od t\u011bch ryze medic\u00ednsk\u00fdch p\u0159es pr\u00e1ci, \u0161kolu a bydlen\u00ed a\u017e po soci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e1vky.<\/p>\n

– Ter\u00e9nn\u00ed podpora se bude t\u00fdkat i rodiny posti\u017een\u00e9ho?<\/p>\n

Ano, proto\u017ee rodina je v\u017edy zasa\u017eena a rodinn\u00e9 sou\u017eit\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt slo\u017eit\u00e9. Obrovsk\u00fd tlak dopad\u00e1 na cel\u00e9 okol\u00ed nemocn\u00e9ho. Rodiny a bl\u00edzc\u00ed pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 podporu, informace, prostor pro setk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed, aby se s nimi po\u010d\u00edtalo. Jejich role pro uzdravov\u00e1n\u00ed je nesm\u00edrn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1, ale nem\u016f\u017ee toho na n\u011b b\u00fdt nalo\u017eeno p\u0159\u00edli\u0161.<\/p>\n

– Nem\u00e1te pocit, \u017ee du\u0161evn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1? \u010c\u00edm je to zp\u016fsobeno? Nem\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt jen o zp\u0159esn\u011bnou diagnostiku?<\/p>\n

M\u016f\u017ee to b\u00fdt i diagnostikou. Jedin\u00e9, co v\u00edme ur\u010dit\u011b, je to, \u017ee diagnostikovan\u00fdch a l\u00e9\u010den\u00fdch pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1. M\u016f\u017ee to souviset s \u017eivotn\u00edm stylem nebo to m\u016f\u017ee znamenat, \u017ee ub\u00fdv\u00e1 skryt\u00e9 nemocnosti \u2013 tedy nel\u00e9\u010den\u00fdch lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed terapii opravdu pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed. Ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b by se m\u011bli zv\u00fd\u0161it v\u00fddaje na tuto oblast \u2013 z ve\u0161ker\u00fdch zdravotnick\u00fdch v\u00fddaj\u016f jdou u n\u00e1s na psychiatrii asi t\u0159i procenta, v Anglii je to p\u0159es 10 procent.<\/p>\n

– V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b se v \u010cesku n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t stalo, \u017ee lid\u00e9 s du\u0161evn\u00ed poruchou za\u00fato\u010dili na druh\u00e9. Je to chyba syst\u00e9mu, ti lid\u00e9 se \u0161patn\u011b l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed, \u010di se o tom jen v\u00edce mluv\u00ed?<\/p>\n

Roli hraj\u00ed v\u0161echny tyto faktory. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b podobn\u00fdm \u00fatok\u016fm nikdy nelze stoprocentn\u011b zamezit. To, co se d\u00e1, je zav\u00e9st pr\u00e1v\u011b ter\u00e9nn\u00ed podporu, proto\u017ee jste-li v ordinaci, tak jste jako l\u00e9ka\u0159 z\u00e1visl\u00fd na tom, zda pacient p\u0159ijde nebo ne. Jste-li s t\u00edm \u010dlov\u011bkem v kontaktu v jemu p\u0159irozen\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed, m\u016f\u017eete se s n\u00edm otev\u0159en\u011bji bavit o tom, zda bere nebo nebere sv\u00e9 l\u00e9ky a jak se aktu\u00e1ln\u011b c\u00edt\u00ed.<\/p>\n

– Mohou tyto \u00fatoky v\u00e9st k rychlej\u0161\u00edmu zaveden\u00ed ter\u00e9nn\u00ed slu\u017eby?<\/p>\n

Mohou, ale je pot\u0159eba \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed s v\u00e1\u017enou du\u0161evn\u00ed poruchou \u017eije \u00fapln\u011b norm\u00e1ln\u00ed \u017eivoty.<\/p>\n

– M\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bk \u0161anci s\u00e1m rozpoznat, \u017ee je s n\u00edm po du\u0161evn\u00ed str\u00e1nce n\u011bco v nepo\u0159\u00e1dku?<\/p>\n

Lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se svou nemoc\u00ed \u017eij\u00ed dlouhodob\u011b, jsou obvykle schopni poznat velmi dob\u0159e, \u017ee se n\u011bco d\u011bje a \u017ee je \u010das po\u017e\u00e1dat o pomoc. Tak\u00e9 pozn\u00e1te, kdy\u017e na v\u00e1s „leze ch\u0159ipka“. \u010casto si dok\u00e1\u017eou pomoci i sami, po dohod\u011b s l\u00e9ka\u0159em si t\u0159eba p\u0159idat l\u00e9ky, vyhnout se stresu. My dokonce m\u00e1me program, kdy tito lid\u00e9 \u2013 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 se jim peer konzultanti, kte\u0159\u00ed se ve sv\u00e9 nemoci u\u017e vyznaj\u00ed \u2013 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed s n\u00ed byli t\u0159eba nov\u011b diagnostikov\u00e1ni.<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

Fakta<\/p>\n

Pavel \u0158\u00ed\u010dan<\/p>\n

Vystudoval sociologii v Praze. N\u011bkolik let pracoval s mlad\u00fdmi lidmi z ulice na fa\u0159e v K\u0159e\u0161\u00edn\u011b. V letech 1996 a\u017e 2014 p\u016fsobil ve FOKUS Vyso\u010dina, kter\u00fd pracuje s du\u0161evn\u011b nemocn\u00fdmi, na r\u016fzn\u00fdch pozic\u00edch: jako vedouc\u00ed chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 d\u00edlny, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed pracovn\u00edk, vedouc\u00ed st\u0159ediska, odborn\u00fd \u0159editel a vedouc\u00ed rehabilitace. Od kv\u011btna 2014 je \u0159editelem Centra pro rozvoj p\u00e9\u010de o du\u0161evn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed, co\u017e je nest\u00e1tn\u00ed neziskov\u00e1 organizace, kter\u00e1 ji\u017e 20 let usiluje o destigmatizaci a rozvoj komunitn\u00edch slu\u017eeb, pod\u00edl\u00ed se na reform\u011b p\u00e9\u010de o du\u0161evn\u011b nemocn\u00e9 a realizuje inovativn\u00ed projekty s partnery doma i v zahrani\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Lenka Brdkov\u00e1
\nMlad\u00e1 fronta DNES<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V Praze pracuj\u00ed dva t\u00fdmy odborn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jezd\u00ed za du\u0161evn\u011b nemocn\u00fdmi. Mohou p\u0159edej\u00edt ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14167,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=27163"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27163\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=27163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=27163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=27163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}