V\u00fdb\u011br zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovny je pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho ob\u010dana \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky dobrovoln\u00fd, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovnu lze jednou ro\u010dn\u011b zm\u011bnit \u00ac\u2013 a to bu\u010f k 1. lednu nebo k 1. \u010dervenci. P\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161ku ke zm\u011bn\u011b je v\u0161ak nezbytn\u011b nutn\u00e9 podat minim\u00e1ln\u011b t\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce p\u0159edem, tedy k 30. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed a k 31. b\u0159eznu.
\n
\nPoji\u0161\u0165ovny se sna\u017e\u00ed nal\u00e1kat klienty r\u016fzn\u00fdmi bonusy a marketingov\u00fdmi akcemi, ale p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru je mnohem d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dostupnost zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de \u2013 tedy s\u00ed\u0165 l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f a nemocnic, s nimi\u017e m\u00e1 zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovna uzav\u0159enou smlouvu.
\nJeliko\u017e zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovny nemaj\u00ed ve sv\u00e9 roli prost\u0159edn\u00edka mnoho mo\u017enost\u00ed, jak mno\u017estv\u00ed p\u0159ijat\u00fdch i vynalo\u017een\u00fdch financ\u00ed ovlivnit, sna\u017e\u00ed se tedy o z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho poji\u0161t\u011bnce. Obl\u00edben\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem k tomu b\u00fdvaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm takzvan\u00e9 v\u011brnostn\u00ed programy, jejich\u017e smyslem je z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed bod\u016f za spln\u011bn\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch aktivit, kter\u00e9 se n\u00e1sledn\u011b p\u0159em\u011bn\u00ed ve finan\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky na o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed, pohybov\u00e9 aktivity, preventivn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed ko\u017en\u00edch znam\u00e9nek, l\u00e9\u010debn\u011b-ozdravn\u00e9 pobyty pro d\u011bti apod.
\nMnohem d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e nab\u00edzen\u00e9 bonusy, by ale p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovny m\u011bla b\u00fdt dostupnost zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de \u2013 tedy s\u00ed\u0165 l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f a nemocnic, s nimi\u017e m\u00e1 zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovna uzav\u0159enou smlouvu. Jedin\u011b tak se lze vyhnout platb\u00e1m v ordinaci. V\u00fdjimku tvo\u0159\u00ed pouze akutn\u00ed stav, kdy o\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovna uhrad\u00ed i mimosmluvn\u00edmu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Povinnost zve\u0159ej\u0148ovat seznam smluven\u00fdch zdravotn\u00edch poji\u0161\u0165oven maj\u00ed v\u0161ichni l\u00e9ka\u0159i \u010di jejich zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9.
\nV sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b lze v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice vyb\u00edrat ze sedmi zdravotn\u00edch poji\u0161\u0165oven. Jsou jimi: V\u0161eobecn\u00e1 zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovna \u010cR (VZP), Zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovna ministerstva vnitra \u010cR (ZPMV), \u010cesk\u00e1 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovna (\u010cPZP), Oborov\u00e1 zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovna zam\u011bstnanc\u016f bank, poji\u0161\u0165oven a stavebnictv\u00ed (OZP), Vojensk\u00e1 zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovna \u010cR (VoZP), Rev\u00edrn\u00ed bratrsk\u00e1 pokladna, zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovna (RBP) a Zam\u011bstnaneck\u00e1 poji\u0161\u0165ovna \u0160koda (ZP\u0160).
\nZdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed odveden\u00e9 ze mzdy
\nNej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem v\u00fdb\u011bru pojistn\u00e9ho je odvod p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky ze mzdy poji\u0161t\u011bnce zam\u011bstnavatelem zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovn\u011b, u ni\u017e je dan\u00fd poji\u0161t\u011bnec registrov\u00e1n. \u201eNejpo\u010detn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed skupinu poji\u0161t\u011bnc\u016f tvo\u0159\u00ed tedy zam\u011bstnanci. Sazba pojistn\u00e9ho je v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b stanovena na 13,5 % z vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edho z\u00e1kladu m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed hrub\u00e9 mzdy, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e t\u0159etinu si hrad\u00ed zam\u011bstnanec a zbyl\u00fdch 9 % za n\u011bj dopl\u00e1c\u00ed zam\u011bstnavatel. Pokud by zam\u011bstnanec s odvodem pojistn\u00e9ho nesouhlasil, m\u00e1 zam\u011bstnavatel pravomoc sn\u00ed\u017eit zam\u011bstnanci o p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 pojistn\u00e9 mzdu formou sr\u00e1\u017eky, a to i bez jeho souhlasu,\u201c prozrazuje Luk\u00e1\u0161 Zelen\u00fd, vedouc\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edho odd\u011blen\u00ed dTestu.
\nZdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed u OSV\u010c
\nV\u00fdpo\u010det odvodu \u010d\u00e1stky u OSV\u010c je pon\u011bkud slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Procentn\u00ed sazba je sice stanovena tak\u00e9 na 13,5 %, ur\u010den\u00ed vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edho z\u00e1kladu v\u0161ak \u00fazce souvis\u00ed s aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brnou mzdou n\u00e1rodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. <\/p>\n
Ta se v leto\u0161n\u00edm roce nav\u00fd\u0161ila na 28 232 korun. V\u00fd\u0161e minim\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch z\u00e1loh tedy vzrostla z 1823 korun na 1906 korun. Jistou benevolenci poskytuje \u017eivnostn\u00edk\u016fm pouze volba rozhodn\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed \u2013 ka\u017ed\u00fd z nich si m\u016f\u017ee zvolit, zda bude pojistn\u00e9 odv\u00e1d\u011bt v ro\u010dn\u00edm intervalu, nebo si vybere m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed variantu ve form\u011b z\u00e1loh.
\nToto\u017en\u00e1 procentn\u00ed sazba (13,5 %) je stanovena i pro osoby bez zdaniteln\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f (OBZP). Tak\u00e9 zde je vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edm z\u00e1kladem minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzda, kter\u00e1 se v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nav\u00fd\u0161ila na 11 000 korun. Dosavadn\u00ed m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1loha tak u nich z 1337 korun vzrostla na 1485 korun.
\nPosledn\u00ed, velmi po\u010detnou kategorii \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f tvo\u0159\u00ed takzvan\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed poji\u0161t\u011bnci, tedy osoby, kter\u00e9 z nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f nemohou b\u00fdt samy pl\u00e1tci dan\u00e9ho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Jsou jimi nap\u0159\u00edklad studuj\u00edc\u00ed nezaopat\u0159en\u00e9 d\u011bti ve v\u011bku do 26 let, kter\u00e9 si je\u0161t\u011b nevyd\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017eeny na mate\u0159sk\u00e9 a osoby na rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9 dovolen\u00e9, starobn\u00ed d\u016fchodci, uchaze\u010di o zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed registrovan\u00ed na \u00fa\u0159adu pr\u00e1ce, osoby p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b nebo \u00fapln\u011b z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na p\u00e9\u010di jin\u00e9 osoby a ty, kter\u00e9 o n\u011b pe\u010duj\u00ed, osoby ve vazb\u011b nebo v\u00fdkonu trestu a osoby, kter\u00e9 dos\u00e1hly v\u011bku pot\u0159ebn\u00e9ho na starobn\u00ed d\u016fchod, ale z d\u016fvodu nedostate\u010dn\u00e9ho po\u010dtu odpracovan\u00fdch let nespl\u0148uj\u00ed podm\u00ednky na jeho p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed. Stanoven\u00edm nov\u00e9ho vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edho z\u00e1kladu u nich bylo p\u016fvodn\u00ed pojistn\u00e9 ve v\u00fd\u0161i 870 korun valorizov\u00e1no na 920 korun m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b. Za tyto skupiny osob hrad\u00ed pojistn\u00e9 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm st\u00e1tn\u00edho rozpo\u010dtu st\u00e1t.
\n\u201eZm\u011bny v platb\u00e1ch pojistn\u00e9ho se net\u00fdkaj\u00ed jen \u010d\u00e1stek samotn\u00fdch, ale i \u00fa\u010dt\u016f, kam jsou platby zas\u00edl\u00e1ny. Z d\u016fvodu \u00fapravy z\u00e1kona o rozpo\u010dtov\u00fdch pravidlech doch\u00e1z\u00ed k roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed souhrnn\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dt\u016f st\u00e1tn\u00ed pokladny. V d\u016fsledku toho v\u0161em zdravotn\u00edm poji\u0161\u0165ovn\u00e1m vznik\u00e1 povinnost p\u0159ev\u00e9st sv\u00e9 bankovn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dty do \u010cesk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed banky. Mnoh\u00e9 z nich ji\u017e tuto zm\u011bnu u\u010dinily, dal\u0161\u00ed budou n\u00e1sledovat,\u201c upozor\u0148uje Luk\u00e1\u0161 Zelen\u00fd.<\/p>\n
Petra Slu\u0161\u0148\u00e1kov\u00e1
\nTiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
V\u00fdb\u011br zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovny je pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho ob\u010dana \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky dobrovoln\u00fd, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovnu lze jednou ro\u010dn\u011b zm\u011bnit \u00ac\u2013 a to bu\u010f k 1. lednu nebo […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7432,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,11,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27370","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezarazene","category-zdravi","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27370","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=27370"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27370\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7432"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=27370"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=27370"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=27370"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}