Mo\u017en\u00e1 si mysl\u00edte, \u017ee je to n\u011bco podivn\u00e9ho, co se v\u00e1s net\u00fdk\u00e1. P\u0159itom epilepsie m\u016f\u017ee postihnout kohokoli a kdykoli \u2013 t\u0159eba jako n\u00e1sledek \u00farazu hlavy. <\/p>\n
Moje prvn\u00ed setk\u00e1n\u00ed s touhle nemoc\u00ed bylo za dost dramatick\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed. Proch\u00e1zela jsem pr\u00e1v\u011b mezi reg\u00e1ly v samoobsluze a moje my\u0161lenky se to\u010dily kolem n\u00e1kupu, kdy\u017e vtom se za m\u00fdmi z\u00e1dy ozval t\u011b\u017eko popsateln\u00fd zvuk. To se \u0159\u00edtila k zemi obrovsk\u00e1 sklen\u011bn\u00e1 tabule vstupn\u00edho vestibulu obchodu. St\u0159epy byly v\u0161ude, a opravdu jen z\u00e1zrakem nikoho uvnit\u0159 nezranily. Dokonce ani mu\u017ee, kter\u00fd uhnout nemohl a kolem kter\u00e9ho doslova pr\u0161el sklen\u011bn\u00fd d\u00e9\u0161\u0165. Ten toti\u017e celou svou vahou vte\u0159inu p\u0159edt\u00edm do pr\u016fhledn\u00e9 plochy vrazil, jak v k\u0159e\u010d\u00edch padal na zem. Epileptick\u00fd z\u00e1chvat jsem do t\u00e9 doby znala z teorie\u2026 Po prvn\u00edm leknut\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161el pro m\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed, je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u0161ok. Za tou prosklenou tabul\u00ed st\u00e1l ko\u010d\u00e1rek s mou p\u016flro\u010dn\u00ed dcerou. St\u0159echa ko\u010d\u00e1rku byla bohud\u00edky zata\u017een\u00e1, padaj\u00edc\u00ed st\u0159epy se do n\u00ed „jen“ zabodly. Dcera se dokonce ani neprobudila, nato\u017e aby vytu\u0161ila, \u017ee se podruh\u00e9 narodila. Stejn\u011b jako onen p\u00e1n\u2026 Nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd z\u00e1\u017eitek ve mn\u011b utvrdil p\u0159edstavu mnoha laik\u016f, toti\u017e \u017ee epileptik rovn\u00e1 se t\u011b\u017ece nemocn\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk s nekontrolovateln\u00fdmi k\u0159e\u010dovit\u00fdmi z\u00e1chvaty a n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm bezv\u011bdom\u00edm. Teprve kolega, kter\u00fd se touto nemoc\u00ed pot\u00fdk\u00e1 u\u017e hezkou \u0159\u00e1dku let, opravil m\u00e9 zjednodu\u0161en\u00e9 a zkreslen\u00e9 p\u0159edstavy. A pomohl mi pochopit, \u017ee i s takovouto diagn\u00f3zou se d\u00e1 \u017e\u00edt b\u011b\u017en\u00fd \u017eivot\u2026 <\/p>\n
Nadbyte\u010dn\u00e1 elekt\u0159ina v mozku <\/p>\n
Epilepsie, nebo tak\u00e9 padoucnice, je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed mozku a je star\u00e1 jako lidstvo samo. Typick\u00e9 jsou pro ni opakovan\u00e9 z\u00e1chvaty, co\u017e jsou vlastn\u011b p\u0159echodn\u00e9 poruchy funkce mozku. Vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed je nekontrolovan\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 v\u00fdboje skupiny zv\u00fd\u0161en\u011b dr\u00e1\u017ediv\u00fdch nervov\u00fdch bun\u011bk. Z\u00e1chvat mohou vyvolat nap\u0159\u00edklad nedostatek odpo\u010dinku, nepravideln\u00fd denn\u00ed re\u017eim, alkohol nebo t\u0159eba blikav\u00e9 sv\u011btlo (nap\u0159. u star\u0161\u00edch typ\u016f televizor\u016f a po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch monitor\u016f). Epileptick\u00fdch z\u00e1chvat\u016f je mnoho druh\u016f, n\u011bkter\u00e9 se projevuj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad jen kr\u00e1tkou zm\u011bnou chov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo z\u00e1\u0161kuby, a lid\u00e9 okolo je nemusej\u00ed v\u016fbec post\u0159ehnout. Epilepsie m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vrozen\u00e1, tu zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 z\u00e1sahy do v\u00fdvoje plodu p\u0159i nitrod\u011blo\u017en\u00edm v\u00fdvoji, svoji roli tu m\u016f\u017ee sehr\u00e1t i d\u011bdi\u010dnost. Z\u00edskanou epilepsii spou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bji r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u00farazy hlavy, ale tak\u00e9 infek\u010dn\u00ed choroby, n\u00e1dory i c\u00e9vn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. <\/p>\n
Nervov\u00e9 bu\u0148ky pod kontrolou <\/p>\n
V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b se epilepsie d\u00e1 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b l\u00e9\u010dit \u010di dr\u017eet pod kontrolou. Pom\u00e1haj\u00ed takzvan\u00e1 re\u017eimov\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, tedy zm\u011bna \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu, a d\u00e1le l\u00e9ky \u2013 antiepileptika \u2013 a to jak preventivn\u011b, tak p\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159i z\u00e1chvatu. U t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch epilepsi\u00ed nastupuje i l\u00e9\u010dba chirurgick\u00e1. Operace mozku pacienta trp\u00edc\u00edho epilepsi\u00ed je ale v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e1, prov\u00e1d\u00ed se pouze u kritick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kdy pacient prod\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1chvaty velice \u010dasto. Progn\u00f3za pochopiteln\u011b z\u00e1vis\u00ed na typu a z\u00e1va\u017enosti onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, ale obecn\u011b \u010dlov\u011bk s epilepsi\u00ed p\u0159i odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e9\u010db\u011b m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 norm\u00e1ln\u00ed \u017eivot. <\/p>\n
Kde v\u00e1m pomohou Jako pacienti nebo jejich rodinn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci se m\u016f\u017eete o pomoc a radu obr\u00e1tit na Ob\u010dansk\u00e9 sdru\u017een\u00ed Spole\u010dnost E., informace o n\u011bm a jeho aktivit\u00e1ch najdete na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch spolecnost-e.cz. <\/p>\n
NEN\u00cd Z\u00c1CHVAT JAKO Z\u00c1CHVAT Epileptick\u00fd z\u00e1chvat, to nejsou zdaleka jen p\u00e1d na zem, k\u0159e\u010de a bezv\u011bdom\u00ed\u2026 1. \u010c\u00c1STE\u010cN\u00dd Z\u00c1CHVAT postihuje jen ur\u010dit\u00e9 lo\u017eisko mozku. Projev\u00ed se do\u010dasnou poruchou posti\u017een\u00e9 oblasti (hmatu, sluchu, zraku, my\u0161len\u00ed\u2026). \u010clov\u011bk sice neupad\u00e1 do bezv\u011bdom\u00ed, nicm\u00e9n\u011b se chov\u00e1 zcela automaticky, „zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u011b“, nereaguje na osloven\u00ed, nekomunikuje a na p\u0159\u00edhodu si pot\u00e9 nepamatuje. P\u0159i ataku nemoci mohou vznikat samovoln\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0161kuby obli\u010deje, kon\u010detiny nebo jedn\u00e9 poloviny t\u011bla, p\u0159echodn\u00e9 pocity brn\u011bn\u00ed jedn\u00e9 poloviny t\u011bla, z\u00e1blesky p\u0159ed o\u010dima, vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch pach\u016f nebo divn\u00e1 chu\u0165 v \u00fastech. Je-li posti\u017een\u00e1 oblast v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee se z\u00e1chvat projevit gestikulac\u00ed, po\u0161klebov\u00e1n\u00edm, pomlask\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm nebo t\u0159eba k\u0159ikem a v\u00fdst\u0159edn\u00edm chov\u00e1n\u00edm. 2. CELKOV\u00dd Z\u00c1CHVAT BEZ K\u0158E\u010c\u00cd, tzv. absence, postihuje cel\u00fd mozek, projevuje se n\u00e1hlou a kr\u00e1tkou poruchou v\u011bdom\u00ed, strnul\u00fdm pohledem a p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00edm \u010dinnosti. Omylem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1n za nepozornost a v\u00e9st k pot\u00ed\u017e\u00edm ve \u0161kole nebo pr\u00e1ci. Po odezn\u011bn\u00ed se v\u011bdom\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 okam\u017eit\u011b vrac\u00ed do norm\u00e1lu a \u010dlov\u011bk ani nev\u00ed, \u017ee k n\u011b\u010demu do\u0161lo. 3. CELKOV\u00dd Z\u00c1CHVAT S K\u0158E\u010cEMI je klasick\u00fdm obrazem toho, co si lid\u00e9 p\u0159edstav\u00ed pod pojmem epilepsie. Jde o k\u0159e\u010de a v\u00fdpadek v\u011bdom\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt spojen\u00fd s hromad\u011bn\u00edm p\u011bny kolem \u00fast, pomo\u010den\u00edm. Z\u00e1chvat trv\u00e1 n\u011bkolik minut a pak je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bkolik minut (a\u017e hodin) trv\u00e1, ne\u017e se \u010dlov\u011bk dostane zp\u011bt do norm\u00e1lu. Pt\u00e1me se odborn\u00edka\u2026 <\/p>\n
Jak poskytnout prvn\u00ed pomoc p\u0159i velk\u00e9m epileptick\u00e9m z\u00e1chvatu? <\/p>\n
„P\u0159i z\u00e1chvatu spojen\u00e9m s k\u0159e\u010demi nen\u00ed nejnebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed samotn\u00fd z\u00e1chvat, ale to, \u017ee se p\u0159i n\u011bm m\u016f\u017ee doty\u010dn\u00fd zranit. V t\u00e9 chv\u00edli se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u0161echny okoln\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bty nebezpe\u010d\u00edm. P\u0159i ztr\u00e1t\u011b v\u011bdom\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bji hroz\u00ed poran\u011bn\u00ed hlavy, proto je p\u0159i velk\u00e9m epileptick\u00e9m z\u00e1chvatu nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka zachytit a zm\u00edrnit jeho p\u00e1d. N\u00e1sledn\u011b je pot\u0159eba mu chr\u00e1nit hlavu p\u0159ed mo\u017en\u00fdm zran\u011bn\u00edm. Nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 mu n\u00e1siln\u011b br\u00e1nit v pohybu. Pot\u00e9 co odezn\u00ed k\u0159e\u010de, sledujte, zda za\u010dne d\u00fdchat, pokud ne, prove\u010fte resuscitaci. Jestli\u017ee d\u00fdch\u00e1, ale z\u016fstal v bezv\u011bdom\u00ed, ulo\u017ete ho do stabilizovan\u00e9 polohy. St\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee si posti\u017een\u00fd po probuzen\u00ed nepamatuje okolnosti z\u00e1chvatu. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b hroz\u00ed, \u017ee zpanika\u0159\u00ed, a pokud se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na otev\u0159en\u00e9m prostranstv\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee se nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159ipl\u00e9st pod proj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed auto. Proto se ho sna\u017ete uklid\u0148ovat a p\u0159ivolejte z\u00e1chrannou slu\u017ebu. Jestli\u017ee b\u011bhem z\u00e1chvatu do\u0161lo k poran\u011bn\u00ed hlavy, bude pot\u0159ebovat odborn\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, aby se vylou\u010dila mo\u017en\u00e1 vnit\u0159n\u00ed poran\u011bn\u00ed,“ doporu\u010duje Miroslav Nagy. <\/p>\n
Co ur\u010dit\u011b ned\u011blat? „P\u0159i z\u00e1chvatu se m\u016f\u017ee \u010dlov\u011bku \u0161patn\u011b d\u00fdchat, nen\u00ed ale pot\u0159eba mu tahat jazyk ven z \u00fast ani n\u00e1sil\u00edm otev\u00edrat pusu. Stejn\u011b tak mu nic nevkl\u00e1dejte mezi zuby, proto\u017ee t\u00edm by si mohl je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edc ubl\u00ed\u017eit, kdyby nap\u0159\u00edklad za\u010dal krv\u00e1cet a dusit se t\u00edm,“ dod\u00e1v\u00e1 odborn\u00edk. <\/p>\n
Miroslav Nagy, hlavn\u00ed tren\u00e9r zdravotnick\u00fdch z\u00e1chran\u00e1\u0159\u016f Falck Academy <\/p>\n
Koho padoucnice poznamenala? S epilepsi\u00ed (nebo tak\u00e9 svatou nemoc\u00ed) \u017eilo mnoho slavn\u00fdch osobnost\u00ed \u2013 \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd panovn\u00edk Julius Caesar, Sokrates, Alexandr Velik\u00fd, ale i Johanka z Arku, houslov\u00fd virtuos Paganini nebo rusk\u00fd spisovatel l Dostojevskij. Trp\u00ed j\u00ed tak\u00e9 herec Miroslav Donutil a moder\u00e1tor Dalibor Gond\u00edk, kter\u00fd vzpom\u00edn\u00e1: „Po prvn\u00edm z\u00e1chvatu rvn\u00edm jsem si nic nepamatoval, nebyl jsem schopn\u00fd odpov\u011bd\u011bt, ani jak se jmenuju. Dlouho jsem p\u0159ich\u00e1zel k sob\u011b a byl to opravdu \u0161ok. Up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b, m\u016fj \u017eivot se zm\u011bnil velmi v\u00fdrazn\u011b. Bylo to jako r\u00e1na z \u010dist\u00e9ho nebe. Dojde v\u00e1m, \u017ee zdrav\u00ed je to nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a \u017ee m\u00e1te opravdu jen jedno. V\u0161echno ostatn\u00ed je malichernost. Mus\u00edm \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee jsem se hodn\u011b zklidnil.“<\/p>\n
Zuzana Mackov\u00e1
\nP\u0159ekvapen\u00ed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Mo\u017en\u00e1 si mysl\u00edte, \u017ee je to n\u011bco podivn\u00e9ho, co se v\u00e1s net\u00fdk\u00e1. P\u0159itom epilepsie m\u016f\u017ee postihnout kohokoli a kdykoli \u2013 t\u0159eba jako n\u00e1sledek \u00farazu hlavy.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10615,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27379","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zpravy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27379","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=27379"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27379\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10615"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=27379"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=27379"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=27379"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}