\u00daporn\u00e9 pr\u016fjmy, bolesti b\u0159icha, krev nebo hlen ve stolici, hubnut\u00ed a vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed. Tyto a dal\u0161\u00ed projevy mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edznakem chronick\u00e9ho z\u00e1n\u011btu st\u0159ev. Ro\u010dn\u011b si diagn\u00f3zu Crohnova choroba nebo ulcer\u00f3zn\u00ed kolitida vyslechne od l\u00e9ka\u0159e p\u0159es 1 300 \u010cech\u016f. Za posledn\u00edch 20 let se po\u010det pacient\u016f s t\u011bmito onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi zdvojn\u00e1sobil. Kvalita jejich \u017eivota se, ale d\u00edky modern\u00ed l\u00e9\u010db\u011b st\u00e1le zlep\u0161uje. I na to poukazuj\u00ed v\u00fdsledky nov\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu \u017divot s IBD, kter\u00fd realizovala \u010desk\u00e1 organizace Pacienti IBD.<\/p>\n
P\u0159\u00ed\u010dina idiopatick\u00fdch (nespecifick\u00fdch) st\u0159evn\u00edch z\u00e1n\u011bt\u016f zat\u00edm nebyla jednozna\u010dn\u011b prok\u00e1z\u00e1na. \u201eV sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je nejv\u00edce p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1na p\u0159edstava, \u017ee tyto z\u00e1n\u011bty vznikaj\u00ed ztr\u00e1tou imunitn\u00ed tolerance v\u016f\u010di bakteri\u00edm, kter\u00e9 osidluj\u00ed tr\u00e1vic\u00ed trakt, zejm\u00e9na pak st\u0159evo,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 p\u0159edseda \u010cesk\u00e9 gastroenterologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti \u010cLS JEP prof. MUDr. Milan Luk\u00e1\u0161, CSc. \u201eNemoc se m\u016f\u017ee rozv\u00edjet tak\u00e9 d\u00edky genetick\u00fdm faktor\u016fm nebo p\u016fsoben\u00edm vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, a\u0165 u\u017e jde o zm\u011bny v \u00faprav\u00e1ch pokrm\u016f, uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed potravin, nebo t\u0159eba nedostatek fyzick\u00e9ho pohybu. Obecn\u011b lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee v\u00fdskyt je \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v severn\u011b polo\u017een\u00fdch st\u00e1tech Evropy a v zem\u00edch s vysp\u011blou ekonomikou,\u201c up\u0159es\u0148uje prof. Luk\u00e1\u0161.
\nL\u00e9ka\u0159i odhaduj\u00ed, \u017ee idiopatick\u00fdmi st\u0159evn\u00edmi z\u00e1n\u011bty trp\u00ed na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 4,5 milionu lid\u00ed. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice \u017eije s touto diagn\u00f3zou p\u0159es 42 tis\u00edc osob.<\/p>\n
Idiopatick\u00e9 st\u0159evn\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011bty postihuj\u00ed zejm\u00e9na mlad\u00e9 lidi v produktivn\u00edm v\u011bku. V\u00fdrazn\u011b komplikuj\u00ed \u017eivot pacienta i cel\u00e9 jeho rodiny. A\u017e 80 % pacient\u016f s Crohnovou chorobou je nejm\u00e9n\u011b jednou za \u017eivot operov\u00e1no kv\u016fli po\u0161kozen\u00ed st\u0159ev. Nemoc mohou doprov\u00e1zet deprese, z\u00e1n\u011bty kloub\u016f a o\u010d\u00ed. Podle pr\u016fzkumu pacientsk\u00e9 organizace Pacienti IBD, kter\u00e9ho se \u00fa\u010dastnilo 1 241 pacient\u016f z cel\u00e9 \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 67 % z nich nej\u010dast\u011bji tr\u00e1p\u00ed velk\u00e1 \u00fanava a celkov\u00e9 vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed organismu. Pr\u016fjmy se objevuj\u00ed u 62 % pacient\u016f, 52 % sou\u017e\u00ed bolesti b\u0159icha. Vyr\u00e1\u017eky se objevuj\u00ed zhruba u 21 % p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f. Jak pr\u016fzkum ukazuje, nemoc ovliv\u0148uje tak\u00e9 spole\u010densk\u00fd \u017eivot nemocn\u00fdch. A\u017e 44 % z dot\u00e1zan\u00fdch omezuje nemoc p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci, 39 % muselo sv\u00e9 nemoci p\u0159izp\u016fsobit v\u00fdb\u011br sv\u00e9ho zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, 46 % zame\u0161kalo z d\u016fvodu sv\u00e9ho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed za posledn\u00ed rok 1 a\u017e 20 pracovn\u00edch dn\u00ed a 17 % pacient\u016f v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 dn\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Sv\u00e9 o \u017eivot\u011b s Crohnovou chorobou v\u00ed i pan\u00ed Katka (44). Ta ji\u017e kv\u016fli n\u00ed prod\u011blala v\u00edce ne\u017e 18 v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdch operac\u00ed st\u0159ev a je v pln\u00e9m invalidn\u00edm d\u016fchodu. Nemoc\u00ed trp\u00ed od sv\u00fdch 15 let. Jej\u00ed stav byl natolik v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd, \u017ee j\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i provedli stomii, tedy um\u011bl\u00fd v\u00fdvod st\u0159eva.<\/p>\n
\u201eNemoc m\u011b omezuje jak spole\u010densky, tak fyzicky i psychicky. B\u00fdv\u00e1m \u010dasto unaven\u00e1, bojuji s n\u00e1hl\u00fdmi zm\u011bnami v\u00e1hy, a tak\u00e9 jsem dlouho nemohla ot\u011bhotn\u011bt. Poda\u0159ilo se mi to a\u017e um\u011bl\u00fdm oplodn\u011bn\u00edm, ze kter\u00e9ho m\u00e1m zdrav\u00e1 dvoj\u010data,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Katka. K v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu zlep\u0161en\u00ed zdravotn\u00edho stavu do\u0161lo u pan\u00ed Katky a\u017e po \u00fa\u010dasti v klinick\u00fdch studi\u00edch a nasazen\u00ed biologick\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby. \u201eModern\u00ed l\u00e9ky zlep\u0161ily kvalitu m\u00e9ho \u017eivota a dok\u00e1zaly zastavit pr\u016fb\u011bh m\u00e9 nemoci a zm\u00edrnit jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky,\u201c potvrzuje Katka. Mimo to, \u017ee nyn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee brig\u00e1dn\u011b pracovat, se rozhodla tak\u00e9 pom\u00e1hat pacient\u016fm s podobn\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem. V sou\u010dasnosti se pod\u00edl\u00ed na \u010dinnosti pacientsk\u00e9 organizace Pacienti IBD a vede Pra\u017esk\u00fd klub stomik\u016f.<\/p>\n
\u201eStovky pacient\u016f nemoc taj\u00ed a sna\u017e\u00ed se zast\u00edrat sv\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, dokud to jde. A to t\u0159eba i p\u0159ed zam\u011bstnavatelem. K tomu, aby se nemocn\u00ed nau\u010dili se svou chorobou \u017e\u00edt, l\u00e9pe ji p\u0159ijali, a hlavn\u011b znali sv\u00e9 mo\u017enosti, mohou pomoci pr\u00e1v\u011b pacientsk\u00e9 organizace,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 p\u0159edsedkyn\u011b spolku Pacienti IBD PhDr. Martina Pfeiferov\u00e1. Ty d\u00edky sv\u00e9 \u010dinnosti v\u00fdrazn\u011b posunuly hranici informovanosti mezi pacienty i \u0161irokou ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed. \u201ePostaven\u00ed pacientsk\u00e9 organizace v syst\u00e9mu poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de nen\u00ed legislativn\u011b upraveno, \u010dinnost na\u0161\u00ed organizace je ob\u010danskou aktivitou zalo\u017eenou na dobrovolnick\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Pfeiferov\u00e1. Nov\u011b pom\u016f\u017eou pacient\u016fm tak\u00e9 do \u010de\u0161tiny p\u0159elo\u017een\u00e9 doporu\u010den\u00e9 postupy pro pacienty, kter\u00e9 byly vytvo\u0159eny v r\u00e1mci spolupr\u00e1ce odborn\u00edk\u016f, l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f a pacient\u016f a p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u00ed odbornou terminologii do laick\u00e9ho jazyka.<\/p>\n
Nemoc zat\u00edm nen\u00ed vyl\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e1, ale u drtiv\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161iny pacient\u016f je dob\u0159e l\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e1. \u201eV dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b je nejefektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed terapi\u00ed biologick\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba. Dnes u\u017e jsou k dispozici biologick\u00e9 l\u00e9ky s troj\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdm mechanismem \u00fa\u010dinku, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se mo\u017enosti \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby v\u00fdznamn\u011b roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed. M\u016f\u017eeme ji, ale na rozd\u00edl od z\u00e1padn\u00edch zem\u00ed st\u00e1le nasadit pouze t\u011bm pacient\u016fm, u kter\u00fdch selh\u00e1v\u00e1 b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 terapie. Probl\u00e9m je v tom, \u017ee se k \u0159ad\u011b pacient\u016f dost\u00e1v\u00e1 pozd\u011b, tedy v dob\u011b, kdy u\u017e doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke struktur\u00e1ln\u00edmu po\u0161kozen\u00ed st\u0159eva. Sna\u017e\u00edme se proto, aby pacienti dost\u00e1vali l\u00e9\u010dbu u\u017e v \u010dasn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch stadi\u00edch nemoci,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 prof. Luk\u00e1\u0161. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je u n\u00e1s l\u00e9\u010deno biologickou l\u00e9\u010dbou p\u0159es 5 tis\u00edc nemocn\u00fdch s Crohnovou chorobou a ulcer\u00f3zn\u00ed kolitidou, co\u017e je n\u011bkolikan\u00e1sobn\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e v lidnat\u011bj\u0161\u00edm Polsku a p\u0159edstavuje cca 8\u201310 % v\u0161ech nemocn\u00fdch se st\u0159evn\u00edmi z\u00e1n\u011bty.<\/p>\n
Tiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00daporn\u00e9 pr\u016fjmy, bolesti b\u0159icha, krev nebo hlen ve stolici, hubnut\u00ed a vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed. Tyto a dal\u0161\u00ed projevy mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edznakem chronick\u00e9ho z\u00e1n\u011btu st\u0159ev. Ro\u010dn\u011b si diagn\u00f3zu […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14164,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27483","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27483","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=27483"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27483\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14164"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=27483"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=27483"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invarena.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=27483"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}